Araştırma Makalesi
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Mülteci Üniversitesi Öğrencilerinde Travmatik Yaşantıların Depresyon, Yalnızlık, Anksiyete, Travma Sonrası Gelişim Ve Ağrı İle İlişkisi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 264 - 269, 29.10.2020
https://doi.org/10.30565/medalanya.738966

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, mülteci üniversite öğrencilerinde travmatik deneyimlerin oranını ve travmalar ile anksiyete, yalnızlık, depresyon, travma sonrası gelişim ve ağrı arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaktır.

Gereç ve
Yöntemler:
Bu çalışma Eylül 2017 ve Eylül 2018 tarihleri arasında Gaziantep Üniversitesi'nde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Değerlendirme için UCLA (California Üniversitesi, Los Angeles) Yalnızlık Ölçeği, Travma Sonrası Büyüme Envanteri (TSBE), Beck Depresyon Envanteri (BDE), Beck Anksiyete Envanteri (BAE), Travmatik Yaşantilar Kontrol Listesi (TYKL) kullanılmıştır.


Bulgular:
Çalışmaya toplam 71 öğrenci dahil edildi. UCLA ve BDE, TYKL arasında pozitif, UCLA ve TSBE arasında negatif korelasyon vardı. BDI, BAE ve TYKL arasında pozitif korelasyon vardı. TSBE ve BDE ile TYKL arasında negatif bir korelasyon saptandı. Bir gün içinde hissedilen ortalama ağrı süresi ile TYKL, BDE arasında anlamlı ve pozitif bir korelasyon ve ağrı süresi ile TSBE arasında negatif korelasyon gözlendi.


Sonuç:
Mülteci öğrencilerde travmatik yaşantıların fazla olması depresyon ile pozitif, travmatik büyüme ile negatif ilişkiliydi. Gün içinde hissedilen ortalama ağrı süresi, depresif belirtilerin fazlalığı ve travmatik olayların fazlalılığı ile pozitif ilişkilidir, ancak ağrının varlığı / ağrının lokalizasyonu ve değerlendirme ölçekleri arasında bir ilişki saptanmamıştır.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Spitzer R, Williams J. American Psychiatric Association (APA) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. revised. DSM III R APA Washingtom DC: APA. 1987:47-217.
  • 2. Harvey SB, Milligan-Saville JS, Paterson HM, Harkness EL, Marsh AM, Dobson M et al. The mental health of fire-fighters: An examination of the impact of repeated trauma exposure. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry. 2016;50(7):649-658. doi: 10.1177/0004867415615217
  • 3. Kirmayer LJ, Narasiah L, Munoz M, Rashid M, Ryder AG, Guzder J et al. Common mental health problems in immigrants and refugees: general approach in primary care. Cmaj. 2011;183(12):E959-E967. doi:10.1503/cmaj.090292
  • 4. Feingold D, Goor-Aryeh I, Bril S, Delayahu Y, Lev-Ran S. Problematic use of prescription opioids and medicinal cannabis among patients suffering from chronic pain. Pain medicine. 2017;18(2):294-306. doi: 10.1093/pm/pnw134.
  • 5. Report from UN High Commissioner for Refugees. UNHCR Turkey Factsheet2018.
  • 6. Refugees RfUHCf. Report from UN High Commissioner for Refugees. 2018.
  • 7. The regional conference on higher education in crisis situations. The regional conference on higher education in crisis situations. Sharm El-Sheikh – Egypt2017.
  • 8. Westphal M, Bonanno GA. Posttraumatic growth and resilience to trauma: Different sides of the same coin or different coins? Applied Psychology. 2007;56(3):417-427. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-0597.2007.00298.x
  • 9. Zeligman M, Bialo JA, Brack JL, Kearney MA. Loneliness as moderator between trauma and posttraumatic growth. Journal of Counseling & Development. 2017;95(4):435-444. doi: 10.1002/jcad.12158
  • 10. Ibrahim H, Hassan CQ. Post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms resulting from torture and other traumatic events among Syrian Kurdish refugees in Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Frontiers in psychology. 2017;8:241. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00241
  • 11. Taylor BE, Chekaluk E, Bennett J. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depression and Anxiety among North Korean Refugees: A Meta-Analysis. Psychiatry investigation. 2017;14(5):550. Taylor, Benjamin Eric et al. “Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depression and Anxiety among North Korean Refugees: A Meta-Analysis.” Psychiatry investigation vol. 14,5 (2017): 550-561. doi:10.4306/pi.2017.14.5.550
  • 12. Russell D, Peplau LA, Cutrona CE. The revised UCLA Loneliness Scale: concurrent and discriminant validity evidence. Journal of personality and social psychology. 1980;39(3):472. doi10.1037//0022-3514.39.3.472
  • 13. Demir A. The validity and reliability of UCLA loneliness scale. Turkish Journal of Psychology. 1989;7(23):14-18.
  • 14. Tedeschi RG, Calhoun LG. The Posttraumatic Growth Inventory: Measuring the positive legacy of trauma. Journal of traumatic stress. 1996;9(3):455-471.
  • 15. Kağan M, Güleç M, Boysan M, Çavuş H. Travma Sonrası Büyüme Envanteri'nin Türkçe Versiyonunun Normal Toplumda Hiyerarşik Faktör Yapısı. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin. 2012;11(5).
  • 16. Hisli N. The validity and reliability of the Beck Depression Inventory among university students. Turkish Journal of Psychology. 1989;7(23):3-13.
  • 17. Beck AT, Epstein N, Brown G, Steer RA. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology. 1988;56(6):893.doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.56.6.893
  • 18. Ulusoy M, Sahin NH, Erkmen H. the Beck Anxiety Inventory: Psychometric Properties. Journal of cognitive psychotherapy. 1998;12(2):163-172.
  • 19. Rousseau C, Guzder J. School-based prevention programs for refugee children. Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America. 2008;17(3):533-549.doi: 10.1016/j.chc.2008.02.002
  • 20. Cacioppo JT, Hughes ME, Waite LJ, Hawkley LC, Thisted RA. Loneliness as a specific risk factor for depressive symptoms: cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Psychology and aging. 2006;21(1):140. doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.21.1.140
  • 21. Ward KP, Shaw SA, Chang M, El‐Bassel N. Social support moderates the association between traumatic life events and depression among migrant and nonmigrant men in Almaty, Kazakhstan. Journal of traumatic stress. 2018;31(5):698-707. doi: 10.1002/jts.22324
  • 22. Adigüzel V, Özdemir N, Şahin ŞK. Childhood traumas in euthymic bipolar disorder patients in Eastern Turkey and its relations with suicide risk and aggression. Nordic journal of psychiatry. 2019:1-7. doi: 10.1080/08039488.2019.1655589
  • 23. Fishbain DA, Pulikal A, Lewis JE, Gao J. Chronic pain types differ in their reported prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and there is consistent evidence that chronic pain is associated with PTSD: an evidence-based structured systematic review. Pain Medicine. 2017;18(4):711-735. doi: 10.1093/pm/pnw065.
  • 24. McCutcheon VV, Sartor CE, Pommer NE, Bucholz KK, Nelson EC, Madden PA et al. Age at trauma exposure and PTSD risk in young adult women. Journal of Traumatic Stress. 2010;23(6):811-814. doi: 10.1002/jts.20577.

The Relations of Traumatic Life Events with Depression, Loneliness, Anxiety, Posttraumatic Growth, and Pain in Refugee University Students

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 264 - 269, 29.10.2020
https://doi.org/10.30565/medalanya.738966

Öz

Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the rate of traumatic experiences and the relationship between traumas and anxiety, loneliness, depression, posttraumatic growth and pain, in refugee university students.


Materials and Methods:
This study was conducted at the Gaziantep University between September 2017 and September 2018. UCLA (University of California, Los Angeles) Loneliness Scale, Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Traumatic Events Checklist (T.E.C) were used for assessment purposes.


Results:
A total of 71 students were included in our study. There was a positive correlation between UCLA and BDI, T.E.C and a negative correlation between UCLA and PTGE. There was a positive correlation between BDI and BAI, T.E.C. A negative correlation was determined between PTGE and BDI and also T.E.C. A significant and positive correlation was observed between duration of pain felt during a day and T.E.C, BDI, and a negative correlation between duration of pain and PTGE.


Conclusion:
Excessive traumatic experiences were positively related with depression and negatively related with traumatic growth. The duration of pain felt during a day was positively related with the excess of depressive symptoms and traumatic events, however there was no relationship between the presence of pain/localization of pain and assessment scales.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Spitzer R, Williams J. American Psychiatric Association (APA) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. revised. DSM III R APA Washingtom DC: APA. 1987:47-217.
  • 2. Harvey SB, Milligan-Saville JS, Paterson HM, Harkness EL, Marsh AM, Dobson M et al. The mental health of fire-fighters: An examination of the impact of repeated trauma exposure. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry. 2016;50(7):649-658. doi: 10.1177/0004867415615217
  • 3. Kirmayer LJ, Narasiah L, Munoz M, Rashid M, Ryder AG, Guzder J et al. Common mental health problems in immigrants and refugees: general approach in primary care. Cmaj. 2011;183(12):E959-E967. doi:10.1503/cmaj.090292
  • 4. Feingold D, Goor-Aryeh I, Bril S, Delayahu Y, Lev-Ran S. Problematic use of prescription opioids and medicinal cannabis among patients suffering from chronic pain. Pain medicine. 2017;18(2):294-306. doi: 10.1093/pm/pnw134.
  • 5. Report from UN High Commissioner for Refugees. UNHCR Turkey Factsheet2018.
  • 6. Refugees RfUHCf. Report from UN High Commissioner for Refugees. 2018.
  • 7. The regional conference on higher education in crisis situations. The regional conference on higher education in crisis situations. Sharm El-Sheikh – Egypt2017.
  • 8. Westphal M, Bonanno GA. Posttraumatic growth and resilience to trauma: Different sides of the same coin or different coins? Applied Psychology. 2007;56(3):417-427. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-0597.2007.00298.x
  • 9. Zeligman M, Bialo JA, Brack JL, Kearney MA. Loneliness as moderator between trauma and posttraumatic growth. Journal of Counseling & Development. 2017;95(4):435-444. doi: 10.1002/jcad.12158
  • 10. Ibrahim H, Hassan CQ. Post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms resulting from torture and other traumatic events among Syrian Kurdish refugees in Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Frontiers in psychology. 2017;8:241. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00241
  • 11. Taylor BE, Chekaluk E, Bennett J. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depression and Anxiety among North Korean Refugees: A Meta-Analysis. Psychiatry investigation. 2017;14(5):550. Taylor, Benjamin Eric et al. “Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depression and Anxiety among North Korean Refugees: A Meta-Analysis.” Psychiatry investigation vol. 14,5 (2017): 550-561. doi:10.4306/pi.2017.14.5.550
  • 12. Russell D, Peplau LA, Cutrona CE. The revised UCLA Loneliness Scale: concurrent and discriminant validity evidence. Journal of personality and social psychology. 1980;39(3):472. doi10.1037//0022-3514.39.3.472
  • 13. Demir A. The validity and reliability of UCLA loneliness scale. Turkish Journal of Psychology. 1989;7(23):14-18.
  • 14. Tedeschi RG, Calhoun LG. The Posttraumatic Growth Inventory: Measuring the positive legacy of trauma. Journal of traumatic stress. 1996;9(3):455-471.
  • 15. Kağan M, Güleç M, Boysan M, Çavuş H. Travma Sonrası Büyüme Envanteri'nin Türkçe Versiyonunun Normal Toplumda Hiyerarşik Faktör Yapısı. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin. 2012;11(5).
  • 16. Hisli N. The validity and reliability of the Beck Depression Inventory among university students. Turkish Journal of Psychology. 1989;7(23):3-13.
  • 17. Beck AT, Epstein N, Brown G, Steer RA. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology. 1988;56(6):893.doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.56.6.893
  • 18. Ulusoy M, Sahin NH, Erkmen H. the Beck Anxiety Inventory: Psychometric Properties. Journal of cognitive psychotherapy. 1998;12(2):163-172.
  • 19. Rousseau C, Guzder J. School-based prevention programs for refugee children. Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America. 2008;17(3):533-549.doi: 10.1016/j.chc.2008.02.002
  • 20. Cacioppo JT, Hughes ME, Waite LJ, Hawkley LC, Thisted RA. Loneliness as a specific risk factor for depressive symptoms: cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Psychology and aging. 2006;21(1):140. doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.21.1.140
  • 21. Ward KP, Shaw SA, Chang M, El‐Bassel N. Social support moderates the association between traumatic life events and depression among migrant and nonmigrant men in Almaty, Kazakhstan. Journal of traumatic stress. 2018;31(5):698-707. doi: 10.1002/jts.22324
  • 22. Adigüzel V, Özdemir N, Şahin ŞK. Childhood traumas in euthymic bipolar disorder patients in Eastern Turkey and its relations with suicide risk and aggression. Nordic journal of psychiatry. 2019:1-7. doi: 10.1080/08039488.2019.1655589
  • 23. Fishbain DA, Pulikal A, Lewis JE, Gao J. Chronic pain types differ in their reported prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and there is consistent evidence that chronic pain is associated with PTSD: an evidence-based structured systematic review. Pain Medicine. 2017;18(4):711-735. doi: 10.1093/pm/pnw065.
  • 24. McCutcheon VV, Sartor CE, Pommer NE, Bucholz KK, Nelson EC, Madden PA et al. Age at trauma exposure and PTSD risk in young adult women. Journal of Traumatic Stress. 2010;23(6):811-814. doi: 10.1002/jts.20577.
Toplam 24 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular İç Hastalıkları
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Şengül Şahin 0000-0002-5371-3907

Özlem Altındağ 0000-0003-1119-2987

Gulcin Elboga 0000-0003-3903-1835

Selahaddin Elçiçek Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-0713-3661

Mazlum Serdar Akaltun 0000-0002-9666-9483

Abdurrahman Altındağ 0000-0001-5531-4419

Ali Gür 0000-0001-9680-6268

İlkay Doğan 0000-0001-7552-6478

Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Ekim 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 17 Mayıs 2020
Kabul Tarihi 27 Temmuz 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Şahin Ş, Altındağ Ö, Elboga G, Elçiçek S, Akaltun MS, Altındağ A, Gür A, Doğan İ. The Relations of Traumatic Life Events with Depression, Loneliness, Anxiety, Posttraumatic Growth, and Pain in Refugee University Students. Acta Med. Alanya. 2020;4(3):264-9.

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