Investigation of the effects of Protocatechuic acid on apoptosis, oxidant and antioxidant status in Caco-2 colorectal cancer cells

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 136 - 141, 30.08.2024

Fatma Yıldız

https://doi.org/10.30565/medalanya.1503397

Öz

Aim: Protocatechuic acid (PCA) is one of the common phenolic acids found in many foods and plants and it has multiple biological activities. Although PCA has been investigated for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects in various cell lines, its effects on molecules involved in the apoptotic pathway, especially in human colon cancer (Caco-2) cells, have not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the effects of PCA on possible oxidant, antioxidant, and apoptosis mechanisms in Caco-2 cells, depending on dose and time.

Methods: In the experimental study, 4 groups were created: control (K), PCA (250-500-1000 µM). Total oxidant capacity (TOC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), Oxidative stress index (OSI), Bax, Bad, Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, and Caspase 9 protein levels were determined by the ELISA method in the cell lysates obtained from the groups.

Results: The results showed that PCA treatment had apoptotic effects on Caco-2 cells at 24 and 48 h. PCA also decreased OSI levels by increasing TAC levels and decreasing TOC levels in a dose-dependent manner.

Conclusion: As a result, it was determined that PCA has an apoptotic effect on the Caco-2 cell line and can be useful in the prevention and/or treatment of colon cancer.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Colon cancer, Caco-2, Protocatechuic acid, Apoptosis, Oxidative stress

Protokatekuik asidin Caco-2 kolorektal kanser hücrelerinde apoptoz, oksidan ve antioksidan durum üzerine etkilerinin araştırılması

Öz

Amaç: Protokatekuik asit (PCA), birçok biyolojik aktiviteye sahip birçok gıda ve bitkide bulunan yaygın fenolik asitlerden biridir. PCA'nın çeşitli hücre hatlarında antiinflamatuvar, antioksidan, antikanser etkileri araştırılmasına rağmen insan kolon kanseri (Caco-2) hücrelerinde özellikle de apoptotik yolaklakta yer alan moleküller üzerindeki etkileri tam olarak aydınlatılamamıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı PCA'nın Caco-2 hücrelerinde doza ve zamana bağlı olarak olası oksidan, antioksidan ve apoptoz mekanizmaları üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmaktır.

Yöntem: Deneysel çalışmada kontrol (K), PCA (250-500-1000 µM) olmak üzere 4 grup oluşturulmuştur. Gruplardan elde edilen hücre lizatlarında toplam oksidan kapasite (TOC), toplam antioksidan kapasite (TAC), Oksidatif stres indeksi (OSI), Bax, Bad, Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, Kaspaz 9 protein seviyeleri ELISA yöntemiyle belirlenmiştir.

Bulgular: Sonuçlar PCA tedavisinin Caco-2 hücrelerinde 24 ve 48 saatte apoptotik etkilere sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca PCA doza bağlı bir şekilde TAC seviyelerini artırırken TOC seviyelerini azaltarak OSI seviyelerini de azaltmıştır.

Sonuç: Sonuç olarak PCA'nın Caco-2 hücre hattında apoptotik etkiye sahip olduğu ve kolon kanserinin önlenmesinde ve/veya tedavisinde yararlı olabileceği belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kolon kanseri, Caco-2, Protokatekuik asit, Apoptoz, Oksidatif stres

Kaynakça

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