Araştırma Makalesi
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Mersin İli Taşucu Limanı’ndan Örneklenen Sintine Sularının Kirlilik Açısından Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 50 - 60
https://doi.org/10.63039/medfar.1475892

Öz

Deniz yolu ile yapılan taşımacılığın artması sonucu, gemilerin oluşturduğu deniz kirliliği problemi, son yıllarda oldukça önem kazanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, gemi sintine sularının deniz kirliliği yönünden değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Mersin Taşucu Limanı’nda bulunan iki farklı gemiye ait sintine suyu örnekleri alınarak pH, renk, toplam azot, toplam fosfor, askıda katı madde (AKM), hidrokarbon yağ indeksi (HYİ), kimyasal oksijen ihtiyacı (KOİ), biyolojik oksijen ihtiyacı (BOİ), yüzey aktif madde analizleri yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, Su Kirliliği Kontrol Yönetmeliği’nde belirtilen değerler ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Gemi 1 ve Gemi 2 ‘den alınan Sintine suyu örneklerinin analiz değerleri sırasıyla AKM 472 mg/L-1812 mg/L; HYİ 110,6-138,8 mg/L; KOİ 8870,4-17369,6 mg/L; BOİ 1606,4 -3881,1 mg/L olarak belirlenmiştir. Su Kirliliği Kontrol Yönetmeliği’nin derin deşarj sınır değerlerine göre AKM 350 mg/L, yağ-gres 15 mg/L, KOİ 400 mg/L ve BOİ 250 mg/L’dir. Bu çalışmada elde edilen değerlerin, istenilen sınırlardan fazla olduğu ve sintine suların doğrudan denize boşaltılmaması gerektiği belirlenmiştir.

Destekleyen Kurum

Mersin Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi

Proje Numarası

2022-1TP2-4693

Teşekkür

Bu çalışma, Mersin Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri birimi tarafından 2022-1TP2-4693 numaralı proje ile desteklenmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Abu Shmeis, R.M. (2018) Water chemistry and microbiology. Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry 81: 1-56.
  • Almeda, R., Wambaugh, Z., Wang, Z., Hyatt, C., Liu, Z., Buskey, E.J. (2013) Interactions between zooplankton and crude oil: toxic effects and bioaccumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. PLoS One 8: 67212.
  • Ameen, F., Al-Homaidan, A.A. (2023a). Treatment of oily bilge waste water using marine fungi. Journal of King Saud University - Science, 35: 102929.
  • Ameen, F., Al-Homaidan, A.A. (2023b). Oily bilge water treatment using indigenous soil bac-teria: Implications for recycling the treated sludge in vegetable farming. Chemosphere 334: 139040.
  • Argüello, G. (2020) Environmentally sound management of ship wastes: challenges and op-portunities for European ports. Journal of Shipping and Trade 5(12): 1-21.
  • Arora, J., Ranjan, A., Chauhan, A., Biswas, R., Rajput, V.D., Sushkova, S., Mandzhieva, S., Minkina, T., Jindal, T. (2022) Surfactant pollution, an emerging threat to ecosystem: Approac-hes for effective bacterial degradation. Journal Applied Microbiology 133: 1229-1244.
  • Bendicho, C., Lavilla, I. (2019) Water Analysis: Sewage. in: Worsfold, P., Poole, C., Towns-hend, A., M. Miro, M. (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Analytical Science. Elsevier, pp. 371-381.
  • Beiras, R. (2018) Marine Pollution: Sources, Fate and Effects of Pollutants in Coastal Ecosys-tems. Elsevier, Amsterdam, Nederland, 408.
  • Bindoff, N.L., L Cheung, W.W., Kairo, J.G., Arístegui, J., Guinder, V.A., Hallberg, R., Hilmi Monaco, N., Jiao, N., saiful Karim, M., Levin, L., O’Donoghue, S., Cuicapusa Purca, S.R., Rinkevich, B., Suga, T., Tagliabue, A., Williamson, P. (2019) Changing Ocean, Marine Ecosystems, and Dependent Communities, in: Pörtner, H.O., Roberts, D.C., Masson-Delmotte, V., Zhai, P., Tignor, M., Poloczanska, E., Mintenbeck K., Alegría, A., Nicolai, M., Okem, A., Petzold, J., Rama, B., Weyer,N.M. (Eds.), IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, pp. 447-587.
  • Butt, N. (2007) The impact of cruise ship generated waste on home ports and ports of call: A study of Southampton. Marine Policy 31: 591-598.
  • Demiray, N. (2006) Sintine Sularından Kaynaklanabilecek Deniz Kirliliğinin Değerlendirilme-si, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Isparta, Türkiye.
  • Dikhan, M., Karslı, F., Güneroğlu, A. (2011) Karadeniz Kıyı Sularında Askıda Katı Madde Dağılımının Haritalanması 13. Türkiye Harita Bilimsel ve Teknik Kurultayı, Nisan, Ankara.
  • EPA (2008) Cruise Ship Discharge Assessment Report (Assessment Report) (Report no. 842-R-07-005), (https://archive.epa.gov/water/test/web/pdf/2009) 01 Aralık 2023 tarihinde erişildi.
  • Effects of Ocean and Coastal Acidification on Ecosystems (https://www.epa.gov/ocean-acidification/effects-ocean-and-coastal-acidification-ecosystems) 01 Aralık 2023 tarihinde erişildi.
  • Gharfalkar, M, Court, R, Campbell, C, Ali Z, Hillier, G. (2015) Analysis of waste hierarchy in the European waste directive 2008/98/EC. Waste Management 39: 305-313
  • Gissi, F., Strzelecki, J., Binet, M.T., Golding, L.A., Adams, M.S., Elsdon, T.S., Robertson, T., Hook, S.E. (2021) A comparison of short-term and continuous exposures in toxicity tests of produced waters, condensate, and crude oil to marine invertebrates and fish. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 40(9): 2587-2600.
  • Greer, C.D., Hodson, P.V., Li, Z., King, T., Lee, K. (2012) Toxicity of crude oil chemically dispersed in a wave tank to embryos of Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 31(6): 1324-1333.
  • Gündoğdu, M. (2013). Gemi Kaynaklı Atıksuların Kirlilik Düzeyinin İncelenmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Fırat Üniversitesi, Elazığ, Türkiye.
  • Kıyı ve Deniz Sularındaki Besin Maddeleri (https://cevreselgostergeler.csb.gov.tr/kiyi-ve-deniz-sularindaki-besin-maddeleri-i-91719) 15 Aralık 2023 tarihinde erişildi.
  • Kotrikla, AM., Zavantias, A., Kaloupi, M. (2021) Waste generation and management onboard a cruise ship: A case study. Ocean and Coastal Management 212: 105850.
  • Kumar, P.S., Prasannamedha, G. (2021) Biological and chemical impacts on marine biology. in: Kumar, P.S. (Ed.), Modern Treatment Strategies for Marine Pollution, Elsevier, pp. 11-27.
  • MARPOL, (73/78). International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the protocol of 1978 relating thereto (MARPOL 73/78). https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/20558.pdf. 01.12.2023 tarihinde erişildi.
  • McLaughlin, C., Falatko, D., Danesi, R., Albert, R. (2014) Characterizing shipboard bil-gewater effluent before and after treatment. Environmental Science and Pollution Rese-arch 21: 5637-5652.
  • Nakama, Y. (2017) Surfactants, in: Sakamoto, K., Lochhead, R.Y., Maibach, H.I., Yamashita, Y. (Eds.), Cosmetic Science and Technology, Elsevier, pp. 231-244.
  • Ngatia, L., Grace III, J.M., Moriasi D., Robert Taylor, R. (2018) Monitoring of Marine Pollu-tion (Houma Bachari Fouzia Edt) Nitrogen and Phosphorus Eutrophication in Marine Ecosys-tems, Intechopen, 168.
  • Onderka, M., Pekarova, P. (2008) Retrieval of suspended particulate matter concentrations in the Danube River from Landsat ETM data. Science of the Total Environment 397: 238243.
  • Resmi Gazete (2008) Su Kirliliği Kontrol Yönetmeliği, (https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2008/02/20080213-13.htm) 01.12.2023 tarihinde eri-şildi.
  • Sardain, A., Sardain, E., Leung, B. (2019) Global forecasts of shipping traffic and biological invasions to 2050. Nature Sustainability, 2: 274-282.
  • Standart Method (https://www.standardmethods.org/) 15 Aralık 2023 tarihinde erişildi.
  • Sun-Wai, L. (2018) The Government of The Hong Kong Special Andministrative Region, Hong Kong,
  • The Ocean Foundation (2020) (https://oceanfdn.org/tr/the-catastrophic-damages-from-oil-spills/) 15 Aralık 2023 tarihinde erişildi.
  • Tiselius, P., Magnusson, K. (2017) Toxicity of treated bilge water: The need for revised regu-latory control. Marine Pollution Bulletin 114(2): 860-866.
  • Türk Standartları Enstitüsü (https://intweb.tse.org.tr/Standard/) 01 Aralık 2023 tarihinde erişildi.
  • Ulucan, K. (2011) Sintine Sularının Elektrokimyasal Olarak Arıtılabilirliğinin Araştırılması, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi, İstanbul, Türkiye.
  • Walker, T.R., Adebambo, O., Del Aguila Feijoo, M.C., Elhaimer, E., Hossain, T., Edwards, S.J., Morrison, C.E., Romo, J., Sharma, N., Taylor, S., Zomorodi, S. (2019) Environmental effects of marine transportation, in: Sheppard, C. (Ed.), World Seas: An Environmental Evaluation. Elsewier, pp. 505-530.
  • Wilhelmsson, D., Thompson, R.C., Holmström, K., Linden, O., Eriksson-Hägg, H. (2013) Marine pollution, in: Noone, K.J., Sumaila, U.R., Diaz, R.J. (Eds), Managing Ocean Environments in a Changing Climate, Elsewier, pp. 127-169.

Determination of Pollution from Bilge Water in Mersin Port

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 50 - 60
https://doi.org/10.63039/medfar.1475892

Öz

The problem of marine pollution caused by ships has become very important in recent years as a result of the increase in maritime transportation. This study aimed to evaluate ship bilge water in terms of marine pollution. Bilge water samples of two different ships in Mersin Taşucu Port were taken to determine pH, color, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, suspended solids (SS), hydrocarbon oil index (HOI), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), surfactant analyzes were performed. The results obtained were compared with the values specified in the Water Pollution Control Regulation. Analysis values of bilge water samples taken from Ship 1 and Ship 2 are respectively SS 472 mg/L-812 mg/L; HOI 110.6-138.8 mg/L; COD 8870.4-17369.6 mg/L; BOD 1606.4 to 3881.1 mg/L were determined. According to the Table given by the Water Pollution Control Regulation for deep discharge, the limits are SS 350 mg/L, oil-grease 15 mg/L, COD 400 mg/L and BOD 250 mg/L. It was determined that the values obtained in this study were higher than the desired limits and bilge water should not be discharged directly into the sea.

Destekleyen Kurum

Mersin Üniversitesi, BAP Birimi

Proje Numarası

2022-1TP2-4693

Teşekkür

Bu çalışma, Mersin Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri birimi tarafından 2022-1TP2-4693 numaralı proje ile desteklenmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Abu Shmeis, R.M. (2018) Water chemistry and microbiology. Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry 81: 1-56.
  • Almeda, R., Wambaugh, Z., Wang, Z., Hyatt, C., Liu, Z., Buskey, E.J. (2013) Interactions between zooplankton and crude oil: toxic effects and bioaccumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. PLoS One 8: 67212.
  • Ameen, F., Al-Homaidan, A.A. (2023a). Treatment of oily bilge waste water using marine fungi. Journal of King Saud University - Science, 35: 102929.
  • Ameen, F., Al-Homaidan, A.A. (2023b). Oily bilge water treatment using indigenous soil bac-teria: Implications for recycling the treated sludge in vegetable farming. Chemosphere 334: 139040.
  • Argüello, G. (2020) Environmentally sound management of ship wastes: challenges and op-portunities for European ports. Journal of Shipping and Trade 5(12): 1-21.
  • Arora, J., Ranjan, A., Chauhan, A., Biswas, R., Rajput, V.D., Sushkova, S., Mandzhieva, S., Minkina, T., Jindal, T. (2022) Surfactant pollution, an emerging threat to ecosystem: Approac-hes for effective bacterial degradation. Journal Applied Microbiology 133: 1229-1244.
  • Bendicho, C., Lavilla, I. (2019) Water Analysis: Sewage. in: Worsfold, P., Poole, C., Towns-hend, A., M. Miro, M. (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Analytical Science. Elsevier, pp. 371-381.
  • Beiras, R. (2018) Marine Pollution: Sources, Fate and Effects of Pollutants in Coastal Ecosys-tems. Elsevier, Amsterdam, Nederland, 408.
  • Bindoff, N.L., L Cheung, W.W., Kairo, J.G., Arístegui, J., Guinder, V.A., Hallberg, R., Hilmi Monaco, N., Jiao, N., saiful Karim, M., Levin, L., O’Donoghue, S., Cuicapusa Purca, S.R., Rinkevich, B., Suga, T., Tagliabue, A., Williamson, P. (2019) Changing Ocean, Marine Ecosystems, and Dependent Communities, in: Pörtner, H.O., Roberts, D.C., Masson-Delmotte, V., Zhai, P., Tignor, M., Poloczanska, E., Mintenbeck K., Alegría, A., Nicolai, M., Okem, A., Petzold, J., Rama, B., Weyer,N.M. (Eds.), IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, pp. 447-587.
  • Butt, N. (2007) The impact of cruise ship generated waste on home ports and ports of call: A study of Southampton. Marine Policy 31: 591-598.
  • Demiray, N. (2006) Sintine Sularından Kaynaklanabilecek Deniz Kirliliğinin Değerlendirilme-si, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Isparta, Türkiye.
  • Dikhan, M., Karslı, F., Güneroğlu, A. (2011) Karadeniz Kıyı Sularında Askıda Katı Madde Dağılımının Haritalanması 13. Türkiye Harita Bilimsel ve Teknik Kurultayı, Nisan, Ankara.
  • EPA (2008) Cruise Ship Discharge Assessment Report (Assessment Report) (Report no. 842-R-07-005), (https://archive.epa.gov/water/test/web/pdf/2009) 01 Aralık 2023 tarihinde erişildi.
  • Effects of Ocean and Coastal Acidification on Ecosystems (https://www.epa.gov/ocean-acidification/effects-ocean-and-coastal-acidification-ecosystems) 01 Aralık 2023 tarihinde erişildi.
  • Gharfalkar, M, Court, R, Campbell, C, Ali Z, Hillier, G. (2015) Analysis of waste hierarchy in the European waste directive 2008/98/EC. Waste Management 39: 305-313
  • Gissi, F., Strzelecki, J., Binet, M.T., Golding, L.A., Adams, M.S., Elsdon, T.S., Robertson, T., Hook, S.E. (2021) A comparison of short-term and continuous exposures in toxicity tests of produced waters, condensate, and crude oil to marine invertebrates and fish. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 40(9): 2587-2600.
  • Greer, C.D., Hodson, P.V., Li, Z., King, T., Lee, K. (2012) Toxicity of crude oil chemically dispersed in a wave tank to embryos of Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 31(6): 1324-1333.
  • Gündoğdu, M. (2013). Gemi Kaynaklı Atıksuların Kirlilik Düzeyinin İncelenmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Fırat Üniversitesi, Elazığ, Türkiye.
  • Kıyı ve Deniz Sularındaki Besin Maddeleri (https://cevreselgostergeler.csb.gov.tr/kiyi-ve-deniz-sularindaki-besin-maddeleri-i-91719) 15 Aralık 2023 tarihinde erişildi.
  • Kotrikla, AM., Zavantias, A., Kaloupi, M. (2021) Waste generation and management onboard a cruise ship: A case study. Ocean and Coastal Management 212: 105850.
  • Kumar, P.S., Prasannamedha, G. (2021) Biological and chemical impacts on marine biology. in: Kumar, P.S. (Ed.), Modern Treatment Strategies for Marine Pollution, Elsevier, pp. 11-27.
  • MARPOL, (73/78). International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the protocol of 1978 relating thereto (MARPOL 73/78). https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/20558.pdf. 01.12.2023 tarihinde erişildi.
  • McLaughlin, C., Falatko, D., Danesi, R., Albert, R. (2014) Characterizing shipboard bil-gewater effluent before and after treatment. Environmental Science and Pollution Rese-arch 21: 5637-5652.
  • Nakama, Y. (2017) Surfactants, in: Sakamoto, K., Lochhead, R.Y., Maibach, H.I., Yamashita, Y. (Eds.), Cosmetic Science and Technology, Elsevier, pp. 231-244.
  • Ngatia, L., Grace III, J.M., Moriasi D., Robert Taylor, R. (2018) Monitoring of Marine Pollu-tion (Houma Bachari Fouzia Edt) Nitrogen and Phosphorus Eutrophication in Marine Ecosys-tems, Intechopen, 168.
  • Onderka, M., Pekarova, P. (2008) Retrieval of suspended particulate matter concentrations in the Danube River from Landsat ETM data. Science of the Total Environment 397: 238243.
  • Resmi Gazete (2008) Su Kirliliği Kontrol Yönetmeliği, (https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2008/02/20080213-13.htm) 01.12.2023 tarihinde eri-şildi.
  • Sardain, A., Sardain, E., Leung, B. (2019) Global forecasts of shipping traffic and biological invasions to 2050. Nature Sustainability, 2: 274-282.
  • Standart Method (https://www.standardmethods.org/) 15 Aralık 2023 tarihinde erişildi.
  • Sun-Wai, L. (2018) The Government of The Hong Kong Special Andministrative Region, Hong Kong,
  • The Ocean Foundation (2020) (https://oceanfdn.org/tr/the-catastrophic-damages-from-oil-spills/) 15 Aralık 2023 tarihinde erişildi.
  • Tiselius, P., Magnusson, K. (2017) Toxicity of treated bilge water: The need for revised regu-latory control. Marine Pollution Bulletin 114(2): 860-866.
  • Türk Standartları Enstitüsü (https://intweb.tse.org.tr/Standard/) 01 Aralık 2023 tarihinde erişildi.
  • Ulucan, K. (2011) Sintine Sularının Elektrokimyasal Olarak Arıtılabilirliğinin Araştırılması, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi, İstanbul, Türkiye.
  • Walker, T.R., Adebambo, O., Del Aguila Feijoo, M.C., Elhaimer, E., Hossain, T., Edwards, S.J., Morrison, C.E., Romo, J., Sharma, N., Taylor, S., Zomorodi, S. (2019) Environmental effects of marine transportation, in: Sheppard, C. (Ed.), World Seas: An Environmental Evaluation. Elsewier, pp. 505-530.
  • Wilhelmsson, D., Thompson, R.C., Holmström, K., Linden, O., Eriksson-Hägg, H. (2013) Marine pollution, in: Noone, K.J., Sumaila, U.R., Diaz, R.J. (Eds), Managing Ocean Environments in a Changing Climate, Elsewier, pp. 127-169.
Toplam 36 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Ekoloji (Diğer)
Bölüm Research Articles
Yazarlar

Ferbal Özkan Yılmaz 0000-0002-5036-6946

Orhan Nas 0009-0003-8223-4731

Arzu Özlüer Hunt 0000-0002-9974-5058

Proje Numarası 2022-1TP2-4693
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 19 Ağustos 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi
Gönderilme Tarihi 30 Nisan 2024
Kabul Tarihi 20 Haziran 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Özkan Yılmaz, F., Nas, O., & Özlüer Hunt, A. (2024). Determination of Pollution from Bilge Water in Mersin Port. Mediterranean Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, 7(2), 50-60. https://doi.org/10.63039/medfar.1475892

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