Optimizing embryo stage and GA3 doses in Common mandarin x Carrizo citrange crosses on embryo rescue technique

Year 2019, Volume: 32 Issue: 3, 263 - 266, 01.12.2019

Senay Kurt , Salih Ülger

https://doi.org/10.29136/mediterranean.488149

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Many difficulties are exist in citrus breeding
due to incompatibility, long juvenility, sterility and nucellar embryo. Zygotic
embryo in the seeds of polyembryonic citrus cultivar is degenerated by nucellar
embryos during embryo development. Accordingly, in vitro embryo culture is a
useful tool in citrus breeding, since it assures embryo germination and
development. In this study, Common mandarin x Carrizo
citrange were crossed in order to produce new rootstock genotypes.
Immature embryos were taken from fruit after 80, 100 and 120 pollination days
to determine the suitable embryo rescue stage. Then, the embryos were germinated in Murashige and
Tucker (MT) culture medium including 0, 0.5 and 1 mg l^-1 GA₃.
According to the results, high germination rates were materialized as 100% and
on 95% to taken embryos from 120 days after pollination (DAP) in supplemented
with 1 mg l^-1 GA₃ and 0.5 mg l^-1 GA₃
in MT culture medium respectively. The embryos
taken from 80 days after pollination did not germinate on MT medium without GA₃
(control) and including with 0.5 mg l^-1. Generally, the
existence of GA₃ on medium increased the ratio of germination
compared to the control. The highest trifoliate ratio was determined as 33.33%
at the embryos taken from 100 and 120 days after pollination and medium
including 0.5 and 1 mg l^-1 GA₃ consecutively. The
results have revealed that the optimal time for embryo rescue at citrus is 120
DAP and including GA₃ in the medium increased embryo germination.

Keywords

Citrus, Breeding, Pollination, Embryo rescue

Yerli mandarin x Carrizo sitranjı melezlerinde, embriyo kurtarma tekniğinde embriyo gelişim aşaması ve GA3 dozlarının optimizasyonu

Abstract

Turunçgil ıslahında; tür ve çeşitler arasında uyuşmazlık, uzun gençlik
kısırlığı, gametik kısırlık ve polyembriyoni gibi nedenlere bağlı olarak birçok
engel bulunmaktadır. Poliembriyonik turunçgillerin tohumlarındaki zigotik
embriyo gelişim sırasında nüseller embriyolar tarafından dejenere edilmektedir.
Buna göre, zigotik embriyoların çimlenmesini ve gelişimini sağlaması nedeniyle
embriyo kültürü ıslah çalışmalarında yararlı bir araçtır. Bu çalışmada, yeni
anaç bireylerinin elde edilmesi amacıyla Yerli mandarin x Carrizo sitranjı
melezlenmiştir. Embriyo kurtarma için uygun embriyo gelişim aşamasının
belirlenmesi amacıyla olgunlaşmamış embriyolar tozlanmadan 80, 100 ve 120 gün
sonra alınmıştır. Daha sonra, alınan embriyolar 0, 0.5 ve 1 mg l^-1
GA₃ içeren Murashige ve Tucker (MT) besi ortamında
çimlendirilmiştir. Sonuçlar; en yüksek çimlenme oranlarının tozlanmadan 120 gün
sonra alınan embriyolarda 1 mg l^-1 GA₃ içeren ortamda %100 ile ve 0.5
mg l^-1 GA₃ içeren ortamda %95 olduğunu göstermiştir.
Tozlanmadan 80 gün sonra alınan embriyoların 0 mg l^-1 GA₃
(kontrol) ve 0.5 mg l^-1 GA₃ içeren ortamlarda
çimlenme olmamıştır. Genel olarak, ortama GA₃ ilavesi kontrole göre
çimlenme oranını artırmaktadır. En fazla üç yapraklı bitki oranı %33.33 ile
tozlanmadan 100 ve 120 gün sonra alınan ve sırasıyla 0.5 ve 1 mg l^-1
GA₃ içeren ortamlardan elde edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, turunçgillerde
embriyo kurtarma için en uygun zamanın tozlanmadan sonraki 120 gün olduğunu ve
ortamda GA₃ bulunmasının çimlenmeyi artırdığını göstermiştir.

Keywords

Turunçgil, Islah, Tozlama, Embriyo kurtarma

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