Periods of Migration Waves and Social Demography of Bosnian Population in Germany

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 32 - 52, 27.06.2021

Damir Softic Yusuf Adıgüzel

Öz

As seen in the case of Bosnia, there are many difficulties in studying the population living abroad. Discussions that started with unclear data on Bosnian society are going on in isolation from each other. A reliable database is needed to develop a realistic and effective program on the Bosnian population in Germany. However, information on firstgeneration immigrants and subsequent generations is often incomplete and far from reliable enough. Based on German official government statistics, this article focuses on the migration processes and current demographic structure of the Bosnian-Herzegovinian community in the country. According to the data of the German Federal Bureau of Statistics (Statistisches Bundesamt), 289 thousand people have immigration experience or consist of first-generation people, and this number reaches 415,000 with the new generation immigrants descended from them. Nearly half of the population of Bosnian origin in Germany participated in the migration process through family reunification and marriage. 84% of the immigrant population is concentrated in 4 of the 16 states in Germany. Compared to other immigrants in the country, Bosnian society, which has a better level of socioeconomic indicators such as education, employment and income level, is experiencing a successful integration process with the host society.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Migration, Diaspora, Bosnian Diaspora in Germany, Migration Periods, Migration Patterns

Almanya’daki Bosna Toplumunun Sosyo-Demografik Yapısı ve Almanya’ya Göç Süreçleri

Öz

Bosna örneğinde görüldüğü gibi, yurtdışında yaşayan nüfusu incelemenin birçok zorluğu bulunmaktadır. Bosna toplumuna ilişkin net olmayan verilerle başlayan tartışmalar birbirinden kopuk bir biçimde ilerlemektedir. Almanya’daki Bosna kökenli nüfus hakkında gerçekçi ve etkili bir program geliştirebilmek için güvenilir bir veri tabanına ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Ancak ilk kuşak göçmenler ve sonraki nesiller hakkındaki bilgiler genellikle eksik ve yeterince güvenilir olmaktan uzaktır. Bu makale, Alman resmi devlet istatistiklerine dayanarak ülkedeki BosnaHersek kökenli toplumun Almanya’ya göç süreçleri ve mevcut demografik yapısına odaklanmaktadır. Almanya Federal İstatistik Bürosu (Statistisches Bundesamt) verilerine göre 289 bin kişi göç deneyimine sahip veya birinci kuşak kişilerden oluşmakta, bunların soyundan gelen yeni kuşak göçmenlerle birlikte bu sayı 415 bine ulaşmaktadır. Almanya’daki Bosna kökenli nüfusun yarısına yakını aile birleşimi ve evlilik yoluyla göç sürecine katılmıştır. Göçmen nüfusun %84’ü Almanya’daki 16 eyaletten 4’ünde yoğunlaşmış bulunmaktadır. Ülkedeki diğer göçmenlere nispetle, eğitim, istihdam ve gelir düzeyi gibi sosyo-ekonomik göstergeler açısından daha iyi bir düzeye sahip Bosna toplumu, ev sahibi toplum ile başarılı bir entegrasyon süreci yaşamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Göç, Diaspora, Almanya Bosna Diasporası, Göç Süreçleri, Göç Biçimleri

Kaynakça

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