Assessment of Lipid Health and Food Quality Indices of Shabut Fish (Arabibarbus grypus Heckel, 1843): The Sample of Uluçay Stream (Siirt)

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 201 - 211, 26.06.2025

Ramazan Bozkurt , A. Yusuf Yüksel , Muhammed Yaşar Dörtbudak

https://doi.org/10.58626/memba.1728318

Öz

Shabut fish (Arabibarbus grypus Heckel, 1843) is a popular and preferred fish species in Siirt region. The estimates in the samples taken from the fishermen were based on the fatty acid data of the muscle tissues. It was determined that H/H, beneficial for human health, was between 2.65-2.71%; HPI, health promoting index, was between 2.82-4.23% and NVI, nutritive value index, was between 1.93-2.05%. The profile index value PI of the fish was 6.28%, Fulton coefficient (FC) was 1.23% and quality index (Kiselev) value QI was 2.04%. TI (thickness index) was calculated as 78.52% and FI (fleshy) index as 20.06%. Saturated fatty acid (SFA) in January-November (2023) varied between 23.82%-34.53%, monounsaturated fatty acid MUFA between 45.96%-51.49% and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) between 22.63%-30.50%. Omega n3/n6 mean for the whole year was 1.33. Sanogenic index values of AI (Atherogenic index) and TI (Thrombogenic index) were found to be between 0.40-0.45% and 0.35-0.42%, respectively. The results of the study concluded that Shabut fish (A.grypus) is beneficial for human health.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Shabut , lipid quality , food quality index , omega-3 , health index

Şabut balığının (Arabibarbus grypus Heckel, 1843) Lipit Sağlık ve Besin Kalite İndeksleri Değerlendirmesi: Uluçay Suyu (Siirt) Örneği

Öz

Şabut balığı (Arabibarbus grypus Heckel, 1843), Siirt yöresinde beğenilerek tercih edilen bir balık türüdür. Balıkçılardan alınan örneklerdeki hesaplamalar, kas dokularının yağ asidi verilerine dayanarak yapılmıştır. İnsan sağlığına yararlı h/H, %2.65-2.71; sağlığı geliştiren indeks HPI, %2.82-4.23 ve besleyici değer indeksi BDİ (NVI) ise %1.93-2.05 arasında olduğu kaydedilmiştir. Balığın profil indeks değeri PI %6.28, Fulton katsayısı (FC) %1.23; kalite indeks (Kiselev) değeri QI ise %2.04 olarak belirlenmiştir. TI (kalınlık indeksi) %78.52, FI (fleshy) indeksi ise %20.06 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Ocak-Kasım aylarındaki (2023) doymuş yağ asidi (SFA) %23.82-%34.53; tekli doymamış yağ asidi MUFA %45.96 - %51.49 ve çoklu doymamış asidi (PUFA) ise %22.63- %30.50 arasında değişkenlik göstermiştir. Tüm yıldaki Omega n3/n6 ortalaması 1.33’tür. Sanojenik indeks değerlerinden AI (Aterojenik indeks) %0.40–0.45 ve TI (Trombojenik indeks) ise %0.35 – 0.42 arasında olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre Şabut balığı (A.grypus), insan sağlığı açısından yarayışlı olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Şabut , lipit kalitesi , besin kalitesi , Omega-3 , sağlık indeksi

Kaynakça

• Ahmed, I., Jan, K., Fatma, S., & Dawood, M.A. (2022). Muscle proximate composition of various food fish species and their nutritional significance: A review. Journal of Animal Physiology and Ani-mal Nutrition, 106(3): 690-719. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.13711
• Ainiwaer, T., Babaoğlu, A.S., Unal, K., & Karakaya, M. (2025). A comprehensive study of the fatty acid composition, thermal and some physicochemical properties of abdominal and subcutaneous fats of Linda, Mast and Turkish geese. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 57(1): 1. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-024-04248-9
• Aydın, E., Özdemir, N.Ş., & Sökmen, T.Ö. (2024). Çaltıcak (Taşkısığı) Gölü (Sakarya, Türkiye) Balık Türlerinin Boy-ağırlık İlişkileri ve Kondisyon Faktörleri. Acta Aquatica Turcica, 20(4): 298-311. https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.1451579
• Aysondu, H., Özyürek, S., & Türkyılmaz, D. (2022). Comparative Study between Ewe and Goats Milk Fatty Acid Profile and Some Healthy Index in the First 30 Days of Lactation. Van Veterinary Jo-urnal, 33(1): 31-35. https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.1068512
• Başusta, A., & Girgin, H. (2023). Murat Nehri’nde yaşayan Acanthobrama marmid (Heckel, 1843)’in balık boyu-otolit boyutları arasındaki ilişki. Ecological Life Sciences, 18 (4): 135-145. http://dx.doi.org/10.12739/NWSA.2023.18.4.5A0198
• Bayar, İ., İnci, A., Aypak, S.Ü., & Bildik, A. (2021). Büyük Menderes Nehri’nde (Aydın) Yaşayan İki Tatlı Su Balığı Türünün Kas Dokularındaki Total Yağ Asidi Kompozisyonunun Araştırılması. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 24(2): 260-266. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.723089
• Bektas, Y., Aksu, I., Kalaycı, G., & Bayçelebi, E. (2020). Low genetic diversity in Turkish populations of wels catfish Silurus glanis L., 1758 (Siluridae, Pisces) revealed by mitochondrial control re-gion sequences. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 20(10): 767-776. https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v20_10_06
• Bengü, A. Ş. (2024). Keban baraj gölünden yakalanan gökkuşağı alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss)’ nın bazı besin içeriğinin değerlendirilmesi. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(2): 321-329. https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.1390700
• Bozkurt, R., Yüksel, A.Y., Dörtbudak, M.Y., & Parmaksız, A. (2024). Determination of fatty acid com-position of Silurus triostegus Heckel, 1843 and Arabibarbus grypus Heckel, 1843 species living in Ilısu Dam Lake (Batman/TÜRKİYE). International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, 7(2): 74-79.
• Cengiz, B., Şeker, E., & Özcan, E.İ. (2024). Karakaya Baraj Gölü’nde Yaşayan Arabibarbus grypus (Heckel, 1843)(Şabut) Populasyonunun Bazı Büyüme Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi. Journal of Ana-tolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 8(3):306-312. https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1298332
• Chen, S., Bobe, G., Zimmerman, S., Hammond, E.G., Luhman, C.M., Boylston, T.D., ... & Beitz, D.C. (2004). Physical and sensory properties of dairy products from cows with various milk fatty acid compositions. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 52(11): 3422-3428. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf035193z
• Chen, Y., Qiao, Y., Xiao, Y.U., Chen, H., Zhao, L., Huang, M., & Zhou, G. (2016). Differences in physi-cochemical and nutritional properties of breast and thigh meat from crossbred chickens, com-mercial broilers, and spent hens. Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences, 29(6): 855. http://dx.doi.org/10.5713/ajas.15.0840
• Cholidis, P., Kranas, D., Chira, A., Galouni, E. A., Adamantidi, T., Anastasiadou, C., & Tsoupras, A. (2024). Shrimp Lipid Bioactives with Anti-Inflammatory, Antithrombotic, and Antioxidant Health-Promoting Properties for Cardio-Protection. Marine Drugs, 22(12): 554. https://doi.org/10.3390/md22120554
• Ciobanu, M.M., Boisteanu, P.C., Simeanu, D., Postolache, A.N., Lazar, R., & Vintu, C.R. (2019). Study on the profile of fatty acids of broiler chicken raised and slaughtered in industrial system. Rev. Chim, 70(11):4089-4094.
• Çaklı, Ş., Erol, N. D., Şen Yılmaz, E.B., Baldemir, P., & Çaklı, A. (2023). Determination of lipid quality and mercury levels of sardine and rainbow trout cooked with different methods. Ege Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences (EgeJFAS)/Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 40(3): 182-188. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.40.3.04
• Dernekbaşı, S., Akyüz, A.P., & Karayücel, İ. (2021). Effects of total replacement of dietary fish oil by vegetable oils on growth performance, nutritional quality and fatty acid profiles of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) at optimum-and high temperature conditions. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 38(2):237-246. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.38.2.14
• Dinç, H. & Dörtbudak, M.Y. (2020). Investigation of toxic effects of heavy metal level in atatürk dam. Experimental and applied medical science. 1(1): 23-28. https://doi.org/10.31594/commagene.1079557
• Doğu, Z., Aral, F., & Şahinöz, E. (2014). The determınatıon of some spermatologıcal and hematolo-gıcal parameters of shabbout (Barbus grypus, h; 1843) ın Atatürk dam lake, Şanlıurfa. Journal of FisheriesSciences. com, 8(4): 265-277. https://doi.org/10.3153/jfscom.201432
• Đuričić, I., Gojković, T., Antonijević, B., & Šobajić, S. (2022). Lipid profile and health benefit of com-monly consumed fresh water and sea water fish species in the population of Serbia. Vojnosani-tetski pregled, 79(1): 8-16. https://doi.org/10.2298/VSP200212054D
• Egessa, R., Szűcs, A., Ardó, L., Biró, J., Lengyel-Kónya, É., Banjac, V., ... & Sándor, Z.J. (2024). Dietary inclusion of insect oil: Impact on growth, nutrient utilisation, lipid metabolism, antioxidant and immune-related responses in European catfish (Silurus glanis L). Aquaculture, 592: 741213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741213
• Erdem, Ö.A., & Dinçer, M.T. (2023). Effects of different cooking methods on the proximate and fatty acid composition of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Scien-ces, 40(4): 251-258. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.40.4.03
• Fernandes, C.E., da Silva Vasconcelos, M.A., de Almeida Ribeiro, M., Sarubbo, L.A., Andrade, S. A.C., & de Melo Filho, A.B. (2014). Nutritional and lipid profiles in marine fish species from Bra-zil. Food chemistry, 160: 67-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.03.055
• Folch, J., Lees, M., G.H. Sloane-Stanley (1957). A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 226(1): 497-509. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(18)64849-5
• Gokce, M.A., Tasbozan, O., Tabakoglu, S.S., Celik, M., Ozcan, F., & Basusta, A. (2011). Proximate composition and fatty acid profile of shabbout (Barbus grypus Heckel, 1843) caught from the Ataturk Dam Lake, Turkey. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment, 9(2): 148-151. https://doi.org/10.1234/4.2011.2077
• Güllü, K., İnanan, B.E., Öğretmen, F., Gölbaşı, S., & Yılmaz, F. (2015). Effects of seminal plasma properties on percentage and duration of shabut (Barbus grypus Heckel, 1843) Sperm Motility. Israeli Journal of Aquaculture, 67:1-9. https://doi.org/10.46989/001c.20700
• Haq, M., Ali, M.S., Park, J.S., Kim, J. W., Zhang, W., & Chun, B.S. (2025). Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) waste as a unique source of biofunctional protein hydrolysates: Emerging productions, promising applications, and challenges mitigation. Food Chemistry, 462: 141017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.141017
• Henderson, R.J., & Tocher, D.R. (1987). The lipid composition and biochemistry of freshwater fish. Progress in lipid research, 26(4): 281-347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0163-7827(87)90002-6
• Jung, S.J., Baek, H.I., Park, E.O., Ha, K.C., Park, D.S., Chae, S.W., & Lee, S.O. (2025). Immunomo-dulatory effects of supercritical CO 2 extracted oils from Portulaca oleracea and Perilla frutes-cens (PPCE) in healthy individuals: a randomized double-blind clinical trial. Food & Function. 16: 1708-1719. https://doi.org/10.1039/D4FO03361B
• Kaçar, S., & Başhan, M. (2022). Silurus triostegus’ un Gonat Dokusu Yağ Asidi İçeriğinin Mevsimsel Değişimi. Acta Aquatica Turcica, 18(1): 24-37. https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.934517
• Kandemir, Ş. & Polat, N. (2007). Seasonal Variation of Total Lipid and Total Fatty Acid in Muscle and Liver of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss W, 1792) Reared in Derbent Dam Lake. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 7(1):27-31.
• Karadede, H., Oymak, S. A., & Ünlü, E. (2004). Heavy metals in mullet, Liza abu, and catfish, Silurus triostegus, from the Atatürk Dam Lake (Euphrates), Turkey. Environment International, 30(2): 183-188. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00169-7
• Kutlu, B., Sesli, A., Tepe, R., & Mutlu, E. (2015). Assessment of physico-chemical water quality of birecik dam, Şanlıurfa, west east region, turkey. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 3(7): 623-628. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v3i7.623-628.423
• Liang, J., Zhou, Q., Wang, C., Gao, X., Yuan, Y., Zhu, Z., ... & Yang, S. (2024). Ecosystem-level res-ponse to complex disturbances of an interconnected river–lake system based on Ecopath model over the last 30 years. Hydrobiologia, 851: 4585–4600. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-024-05611-5
• Łuczyńska, J., Nowosad, J., Łuczyński, M. J., & Kucharczyk, D. (2023). Evaluation of Chemical Ele-ments, Lipid Profiles, Nutritional Indices and Health Risk Assessment of European Eel (Anguilla anguilla L.). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(3): 2257. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032257
• Magalhães, R., Guerreiro, I., Coutinho, F., Moutinho, S., Sousa, S., Delerue-Matos, C., ... & Oliva-Teles, A. (2020). Effect of dietary ARA/EPA/DHA ratios on growth performance and intermediary metabolism of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) juveniles. Aquaculture, 516: 734644. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.734644
• Magdici, E., Nistor, C.E., Pagu, I.B., Hoha, G.V., Avarvarei, B.V., & Pasarin, B. (2014). Research re-garding the influence of slaughtering age on quantitative meat production at European catfish (Silurus glanis). Journal of Biotechnology, (185): 576. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.07.258
• Marin, S., Castillo, S., Sanchez, R., Collipal, R., Madrid, J., & Farias, A. 2024. Long-term substitution of fish oil with alternative sources in atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): performance, health, and consumer appeal. Aquaculture, 1-54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4692001
• Mgbechidinma, C.L., Zheng, G., Baguya, E.B., Zhou, H., Okon, S.U., & Zhang, C. (2023). Fatty acid composition and nutritional analysis of waste crude fish oil obtained by optimized milder extrac-tion methods. Environmental Engineering Research, 28(2): 220034. https://doi.org/10.4491/eer.2022.034
• Negara, B.F.S.P., Tirtawijaya, G., Cho, W.H., Harwanto, D., Sohn, J.H., Kim, J.S., & Choi, J.S. (2021). Effects of frying processes on the nutritional and sensory characteristics of different mackerel products. Processes, 9(9): 1645. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9091645
• Nistor, C.E., Pagu, I.B., Magdici, E., & Păsărin, B. (2014). Study of some morphological characteris-tics Oncorhynchus mykiss breed farmed in salmonid exploatations from Moldova. Scientific Pa-pers: Animal Science and Biotechnologies, 47 (1): 22-228.
• Ozcan, E.İ. (2020). Murat Nehri (Palu-Elaziğ)’nde Yaşayan Capoeta trutta (Heckel, 1843) Türünün Bazı Meristik ve Morfometrik Özellikleri. Ecological Life Sciences, 15(4): 155-162. http://dx.doi.org/10.12739/NWSA.2020.15.4.5A0142
• Özcan, G., Altun, A., Dörtbudak, M.Y., & Özbek, B.F. (2024). Length-weıght relatıonshıp of Clarıas garıepınus ın orontes rıver and gölbaşı lake, Türkiye. Ecological Life Sciences, 19(3):115-120. http://dx.doi.org/10.12739/NWSA.2024.19.3.5A0216
• Özçiçek, E., Kocabaş, F.K., Kocabaş, M., Özmen, G.K. & Yılmaz, Ö. (2024). Alburnoides velioglui (Turan vd., 2014)’nin Yağ Asidi Profili: Pülümür Çayı (Tunceli) Örneği. Menba Kastamonu Üni-versitesi Su Ürünleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 10 (3): 154-161. http://dx.doi.org/10.58626/menba.1542856
• Özer, Ö., Karakaya, S., & El, S.N. (2022). Gıdaların besleyicilik özelliklerini değerlendiren indeksler. Gıda, 47(1): 78-90.). https://doi.org/10.15237/gida.GD21119
• Parlak, A.E., Çalta, M., Düşükcan, M., Eroglu, M., & Yılmaz, Ö. (2015). The Determination of fat-soluble vitamins, cholesterol content and the fatty acid compositions of shabut (Arabibarbus grypus, Heckel 1843) from Keban dam lake, Elazig, Turkey. Journal of Fisheries Sciences. com, 9(3): 24-30.
• Parmaksız, A., 2016. Phylogenetıc analysıs of some carp specıes lıvıng ın tıgrıs rıver based on mtd-na coı gene sequences. In International Engineering, Science and Education Conference (INESEC) Science Proceeding Book, p:47. https://doi.org/10.17693/yunusae.v17i26557.284131
• Parmaksız, A & Şeker, Ö., (2018). Genetic diversity of the endemic species shabbout (Arabibarbus grypus (Heckel, 1843)) based on partial cytochrome b sequences of mitochondrial DNA. Aquatic Research, 1(3):103-109. https://doi.org/10.3153/AR18011
• Parmaksız, A., (2023). Mitochondrial DNA sequence analysis of Arabibarbus grypus (Heckel, 1843) living in Great Zab (Erbil, Iraq). Aquatic Research, 6(1):19-25. https://doi.org/10.3153/AR23003
• Păsărin, B., Hoha, G.V., Simeanu, C., & Nistor, C.E. (2023). The influence of thermal frying treatments on the nutritional and health properties of fish meat. Animal & Food Sciences Journal Iasi Animal & Food Sciences Journal Iasi, p: 57-63. https://www.uaiasi.ro/firaa/Pdf/Pdf_Vol_79/B_Pasarin.pdf
• Pleadin, J., Lesic, T., Kresic, G., Baric, R., Bogdanovic, T., Oraic, D., ... & Zrncic, S. (2017). Nutritio-nal quality of different fish species farmed in the Adriatic Sea. Italian Journal of Food Science, 29(3):537-549. https://doi.org/10.14674/IJFS-706
• Senso, L., Suárez, M.D., Ruiz-Cara, T., & Garcia-Gallego, M. (2007). On the possible effects of har-vesting season and chilled storage on the fatty acid profile of the fillet of farmed gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). Food Chemistry, 101: 298-307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.01.036
• Simeanu, C., Măgdici, E., Păsărin, B., Avarvarei, B.V., & Simeanu, D. (2022). Quantitative and qualita-tive assessment of european catfish (Silurus glanis) fesh. Agriculture, 12(12): 2144. Https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12122144
• Srıvastava, S. (2025). Functıonal foods and spıces ın the management of metabolıc syndrome. Nutra-ceuticals in Obesity Management and Control. editör: Raj K. Keservani, Alka Lohani Nutraceuti-cals in Obesity Management and Control, 3: 462 https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003557883
• Taşbozan O, & Gökçe M.A. (2017). Fatty acids in fish. Fatty acids. InTech, 1:143-159. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/68048
• TS EN ISO 12966-2. (2017). Hayvansal ve bitkisel katı ve sıvı yağlar- Yağ asitleri metil esterlerinin gaz kromotografisi - Bölüm 2: Yağ asitleri metil esterlerinin hazırlanması. TSE publications, An-kara, Turkey.
• Uiuiu, P., Cocan, D.I., Lațiu, C., Păpuc, T., Popescu, F., Constantinescu, R., ... & Mireșan, V. (2017). The effect of saline solution used as an activating factor of the semen in brown trout, Salmo trut-ta fario (Linnaeus 1758). Bulletin UASVM Animal Science and Biotechnologies 74(2): 169-176. https://doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-asb:0028
• Ulbricht, T.L.V., & Southgate, D.A.T., (1991). Coronary heart disease: seven dietary factors. The lan-cet, 338(8773): 985-992. https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(91)91846-M
• Yakar, Y., Parmaksız, A., Dörtbudak, Y., & Doğan, N. (2023). Investigation of fatty acid profiles in some economically important fish species living in Atatürk Dam Lake, Adıyaman, Türkiye. Aquatic Research, 6(1): 11-18. https://doi.org/10.3153/AR23002
• Zula, A.T., & Desta, D.T. (2021). Fatty acid‐related health lipid ındex of raw and fried Nile tilapia (Ore-ochromis niloticus) Fish Muscle. Journal of Food Quality, 2021(1): 6676528. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6676528