Farklı Protein Seviyesindeki Yemlerle Beslenen Yavru Kerevitlerin (Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823) Büyüme Üzerine Etkileri

Öz

Farklı protein seviyelerindeki yemlerle beslenen yavru kerevitlerin (Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823) büyüme üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Denemede kullanılan yem grupları; alabalık yemi (A), çiğ patates (B) ve çiğ havuç (C)’dir. Çalışmada toplamda 160 kerevit kullanılmış olup, ortalama ağırlıkları 0,20±0.01 g, ortalama boyları 2,06±0.03 cm olarak ölçülmüştür. Deneme 12 haftalık bir sürede yürütülmüştür. Farklı diyetlerle beslenen yavru kerevitlerin deneme sonunda ulaştıkları ağırlık ortalamaları 0.51±0.07 ile 1.18±0.17 g arasında, ortalama uzunlukları ise 2.45±0.16 ile 3.33±0.18 cm arasında olduğu belirlenmiştir. Boy ve ağırlık artışlarındaki değişim göreceli olarak da gruplar arasında farklı olduğu görülmektedir. İstatistiki olarak; boylar ve gruplar arasında (F=21.59; p<0.01), ayrıca ağırlıklar ve gruplar arasında da farkın önemli olduğu tespit edilmiştir (F=28.03; p<0.01). Çalışmada patates ve havuç ile beslenen gruplar arasında boy ve ağırlık ortalaması bakımından farkın önemli olmadığı, alabalık yemi ile beslenen grupta boy ve ağırlık ortalamaları diğer iki gruptan istatistiki olarak farklı olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). Deneme sonunda alabalık yemi, patates ve havuç ile beslenen gruplarda büyüme değerleri sırasıyla boyca mutlak büyüme değerleri 1.28, 0.52 ve 0.39 cm arasında, ağırlıkça mutlak büyüme değerleri ise 0.98, 0.34 ve 0.31 g arasında bulunmuştur. Alabalık yemi, patates ve havuç ile beslenen gruplarda sırasıyla oransal büyüme değerleri ise; boyca %49.23, %25.24 ve %18.93 olarak; ağırlıkça %490, %170 ve %155 olarak belirlenmiştir. Deneme sonunda en iyi büyüme (hem ağırlıkça hem de boyca) alabalık yemi ile beslenen grupta gerçekleşmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kerevit
• Astacus leptodactylus
• besleme
• büyüme

Effects on Growth of Juvenile Crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823) Feeding Different Protein Levels

Öz

The effects on growth of juvenile crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823) fed diets with different protein levels were investigated. The feed groups used in the experiment were trout feed (A), raw potato (B) and raw carrot (C). A total of 160 crayfish were used in the study with an average weight of 0.20±0.01 g and an average length of 2.06±0.03 cm. The experiment was conducted over a period of 12 weeks. At the end of the experiment, it was determined that the average weights of juvenile crayfish fed with different diets were between 0.51±0.07 and 1.18±0.17 g and the average lengths were between 2.45±0.16 and 3.33±0.18 cm. It was observed that the relative changes in length and weight increases were also different between the groups. Statistically, the difference between lengths and groups (F=21.59; p<0.01), and between weights and groups (F=28.03; p<0.01) were statistically significant. In the study, it was determined that the difference between the groups fed with potato and carrot was not significant in terms of length and weight averages, while the length and weight averages in the group fed with trout feed were statistically different from the other two groups (p<0.05). At the end of the experiment, the absolute growth values of the groups fed with trout feed, potato and carrot were found between 1.28, 0.52 and 0.39 cm in length and 0.98, 0.34 and 0.31 g in weight, respectively. The proportional growth values of the groups fed with trout feed, potato and carrot were 49.23%, 25.24% and 18.93% in length and 490%, 170% and 155% in weight, respectively. At the end of the experiment, the best growth (both in weight and length) was realized in the group fed with trout feed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Crayfish
• Astacus leptodactylus
• feeding
• growth

Kaynakça

1. Aksu, Ö., & Harlıoğlu, M.M., (2003). Shelter utilization of freshwater lobster Astacus leptodactylus. Firat University Engineering Faculty Journal, 15 (2), 273-280.
2. Alderman, D.J., & Wickins, J.F., (1990). Crayfish Culture, Lab. Leaflet No. 62. Ministry Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Lowestoft, 16 p.
3. Alvanou, Maria V., Lattos, A., Cheimonopoulou, M.T., Michaelidis, B., Apostolidis, A.P., & Giantsis, I.A., (2024). First detection of Aphanomyces astaci and its potential responsibility for mass mortalities of Pontastacus (Astacus) leptodactylus in Greek lakes. Journal of Biological Research-Thessaloniki 31:1 ,https://doi.org/10.26262/jbrt.v31i0.9777.
4. Aydın, H., (1992). Comparison of growth rates of crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823) juveniles fed with different feeds, Istanbul University. Science. Enst. Aquaculture Eng. A.B.D., Master's Thesis, Istanbul, 39 p.
5. Bahadır Koca, S., Uzunmehmetoglu, O.Y., & Yazıcıoglu, B., 2015. Effects of enriched artemia on growth and survival of juvenile freshwater crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz. 1823). Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences. 14 (1): 87-98.
6. Barım Öz, Ö., & Yılmaz, S., (2017). Effects of dietary antioxidants on oxidative stress, antioxidant defence and growth of freshwater crayfish Astacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823) during the reproductive period in females. Aquaculture Research. 48 (5), 2516-2527.
7. Berber, S., (1999). A research on the development of freshwater crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus salinus Nordmann, 1842) juveniles. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Fisheries Basic Sciences, Master's Thesis, 35s.
8. Berber, S., Yıldız, H., Ateş, A.S., Bulut, M., & Mendeş, M.A., (2010). Study on the relationships between some morphological and reproductive traits of the Turkish Crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823 (Crustacea: Decapoda). Reviews in Fisheries Science, 18 (1), 131-137.

9. Bolat, Y., & Kaya, M.A., (2016). Growth and reproductive characteristics of crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus, Eschscholtz, 1823) in Lake Eğirdir. Journal of Eğirdir Fisheries Faculty, 12 (1), 11-24.
10. Crandall, K.A., & De Grave, S., (2017). An updated classification of the freshwater crayfishes (Decapoda: Astacidea) of the World, with a complete species list. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 1-39.
11. Erkebay, C., (2004). Biological characteristics of crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823) in Sera Lake (Trabzon) and production in East Black Sea. Karadeniz Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Fisheries Technology, PhD thesis, 70s.
12. Erol, K.G., Özkök, R., Küçükkara, R., & Çınar, Ş., (2010). Possible causes of mortality in the juvenile period in freshwater lobster Astacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823) Aquaculture. Journal of Süleyman Demirel University Eğirdir Faculty of Fisheries, 6 (2), 23-30.
13. Güner, Ö., & Mazlum, Y., (2010). The effects of diets with different protein levels on growth, survival rates and body composition of juvenile freshwater crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823). Journal of Süleyman Demirel University Eğirdir Fisheries Faculty 6 (2).
14. Harlıoğlu, M.M., (2009). A comparison of the growth and survival of two freshwater crayfish species, Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz and Pacifastacus leniusculus (Dana), under different temperature and density regimes. Aquaculture International, 17, 31-43.
15. Harlıoğlu, M.M., & Barım, Ö., (2004). The effect of dietary vitamin E on the pleopodal egg and stage-1 juvenile numbers of freshwater crayfish Astacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823). Science Direct Aquaculture 236, 267-276.
16. Harlıoğlu, M.M., & Farhadi, A., (2017). Factors affecting the reproductive efficiency in crayfish: implications for aquaculture. Aquaculture Research, 48, 1983-1997. DOİ:10.1111/are.13263.
17. Holdich, D.M., (1999). The negative effects of established crayfish introductions. In: Crayfish in Europe as Alien Species. How to Make the Best of a Bad Situation? (eds: F. Ghrardi and D.M., Holdich). Balkema, Rotterdam/Brookfield, pp: 31-47.
18. Huner, J.V., (1989). Overview of international and domestic freshwater crayfish production. Journal of Shellfish Research. 8, 259-265.
19. Huner, J.V., (1995). Production and culture of crayfish. In: Policar T, Kozak P, editors. Crayfish biology and culture. Czech Republic: University of South Bohemia. p. 203-234.
20. James, J., Mrugala, A., Oidtmann, B., Petrusek, A., & Cable, J., (2017). Apparent interspecific transmission of Aphanomyces astaci from invasive signal to virile crayfish in a sympatric wild population Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 145, 68-71 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2017.02.003.
21. Köksal, G., (1990). Astacus leptodactylus in Europe. Freshwater Crayfish. Edited by. D.M.Holdich. Croom Helm, Timber Press Portland, Oregon. 365-400.
22. Lee, D.O.C., & Wickins, J.F., (1992). Crustacean farming. Blackwell Scientific Publications, 381p. Mazlum, Y., & Şirin, S., (2020). Effects of different levels of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) on growth, survival, shell change and body composition of juvenile freshwater lobster Pontastacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823). KSU Journal of Agriculture and Nature 23 (2), 506-514. DOI: 10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.614826.
23. Mazlum, Y., (2007). Stocking density affects the growth, survival and cheliped ınjures of third ınstars of narrow-clawed crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823 Juveniles. Crustaceana. 80 (7), 803-815. Mazlum, Y., Güner, Ö., & Şirin, S., (2011). Effects of feeding ınterval on growth, survival and body composition of narrow-clawed crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823 Juveniles. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 11, 283-289.
24. Mazlum, Y., Turan, F., & Bircan Yıldırım, Y., (2021). Evaluation of mealworms (Tenebrio molitor) meal as an alternative protein source for narrow-clawed crayfish (Pontastacus leptodactylus) juveniles. Aquaculture Research. 52, 4145-4153. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.15253.
25. Mohsenpour Azarı, A., Harlıoğlu, M.M., Mohebbı, F., & Seıdgar, M., (2014). Sex ratio, length and weight distribution of freshwater lobster (Astacus leptodactylus) living in Aras Reservoir (Iran). Istanbul University Journal of Fisheries 29 (2), 35-47.
26. Nyström, P., (1999). Ecology. In: Biology of Freshwater Crayfish (Ed: Holdich, D.M.) Blackwell Science Company. pp: 192-235.
27. Nyström, P., Brönmark, C., & Granéli, W., (1999). Influence of an exotic and a native crayfish species on a littoral benthic community. Oikos, 85 (3), 545-553.
28. Safari, O., Paolucci, M., & Motlagh, H.A., (2017). Effects of synbiotics on immunity and diseaseresistance of narrow-clawed crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823). Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 64, 392-400.
29. Sirin, S., & Mazlum, Y., (2017). Effect of dietary supplementation of calcium chloride on growth, survival, moulting frequency and body composition of narrow‐clawed crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823). Aquaculture Nutrition, 23 (4), 805-813.
30. Stanek, M., Dąbrowski, J., Różański, S., Janicki, B., & Długosz, J., (2017). Heavy metals bioaccumulation in tissues of spiny-cheek crayfish (Orconecte slimosus) from Lake Gopło: Effect of Age and Sex. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 98 (6),740-746. Doi:10.1007/s00128-017-2098-2.
31. Turan, F., Mazlum, Y., Yıldırım, B. Y., & Gezer, A., (2012). Use of dietary Pelargonium sidoides extract to improve growth and body composition of Narrow-Clawed Crayfish Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823 juveniles. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatatic Sciences, 12, 233-238.
32. Valipour, A., Nedaeia, S., Nooria, A., Khanipour, A.A., & Hossein Hoseinifar, S., (2019). Dietary Lactobacillus plantarum affected on some immune parameters, airexposure stress response, intestinal microbiota, digestive enzyme activity and performance of narrow clawed crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823). Aquaculture 504, 121-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.01.064.
33. Valipour, A., Shariatmadari, F., Abedian, A., Seyfabadi, SJ., & Zahmatkesh, A., (2011). Growth, molting and survival response of juvenile narrow clawed crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus, fed two sources of dietary oils. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences 10 (3), 505-518.
34. Vasileva, P., Zaıkov, A., & Hubenova, T., (2006). Investigation on fecundity and egg size in cultured and natural crayfish population of Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823 in Bulgaria. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 12, 208-217.