Libya Fishing Industry

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 16 - 26, 11.07.2019

Abdelsalam Fılogh

Öz

The aim of these study was to determine the situation of the Libya fisheries. The fishing sector in Libya is composed of four main activities; artisanal coastal fishing (Batah, Flouka, Mator), Lampara fishing, coastal trawling, and tuna fishing (Reynolds et al. 1995; FAO, 2005; Khalfallah et. al. 2015), most of them concentrated in western region 55% followed by 23%, 22% in the Gulf of Sirt and Jabal-Aghdar respectively (Lamboeuf et al. 2000). The number of artisanal craft increased from 220 in 1950 to 2,465 boats in 2008 including 165 Lampara, while industrial vessels consist from private owned trawlers, they increased from 10 in 1950 to 140 trawlers in 2008 (Sacchi, 2011; Khalfallah et. al. 2015 ). The most commonly used gear, which represent for about 79% of total fishing gear used, are trammel net, three longlines with small, medium and large hooks (khashin, deshi and rgig) and 40 mm mesh size gillnet (mashruah) (Lamboeuf et al. 2000). Most of Libyan catch is sold fresh in large urban market except a part of small pelagic fish are transported to canning plant (Reynolds et al. 1995). Actually, fishing is not popular among Libyans with low estimated per capita consumption of fresh fish products of approximately 9.5 kg/year (FAO, 2008). During the period after the establishment of the Secretariat of Marine Wealth (SMW) in 1988 for marine industry development, have led to development of the sector, as an indicator grew from nearly 6000 tonnes in 1988 to 50000 tonnes in 2000 (FAO, 2005). After the civil war in 2011, fish production was directly affected by the weak security situation and high equipment prices, as well as, the migration of foreign workers, which represent 60% of the employees in the fishing sector. As a result, the total production dropped to the lowest level in 2015 to about 23,012 tonnes (CEIC, 2018).

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fishing vessels, trammel net, coastal area, commercial species, , exotic fish, fishing landing sites

Libya Fishing Industry

Öz

The aim of these study was to determine the
situation of the Libya fisheries. The fishing sector in Libya is composed of
four main activities; artisanal coastal fishing (Batah, Flouka, Mator), Lampara
fishing, coastal trawling, and tuna fishing (Reynolds
et al. 1995; FAO, 2005; Khalfallah et. al. 2015), most of
them concentrated in western region 55% followed by 23%, 22% in the Gulf of Sirt and Jabal-Aghdar respectively
(Lamboeuf et al. 2000). The number of
artisanal craft increased from 220 in 1950 to 2,465 boats in 2008 including 165
Lampara, while industrial vessels consist from private owned trawlers, they
increased from 10 in 1950 to 140 trawlers in 2008 (Sacchi, 2011; Khalfallah et. al. 2015 ). The most commonly used gear, which represent for about 79% of total
fishing gear used, are trammel net, three longlines with small, medium and
large hooks (khashin, deshi and rgig) and 40 mm mesh size gillnet (mashruah) (Lamboeuf et al. 2000). Most of Libyan catch is sold fresh in large
urban market except a part of small pelagic fish are transported to canning
plant (Reynolds et
al. 1995). Actually, fishing is not
popular among Libyans with low estimated per capita consumption of fresh fish
products of approximately 9.5 kg/year (FAO, 2008). During the period after the
establishment of the Secretariat of Marine Wealth (SMW) in 1988 for marine
industry development, have led to development of the sector, as an indicator
grew from nearly 6000 tonnes in 1988 to 50000 tonnes in 2000 (FAO, 2005). After the civil war in 2011, fish production was directly affected by
the weak security situation and high equipment prices, as well as, the
migration of foreign workers, which represent 60% of the employees in the
fishing sector. As a result, the
total production dropped to the lowest level in 2015 to about 23,012 tonnes
(CEIC, 2018).

Anahtar Kelimeler

fishing vessels, trammel net, commercial species, Coastal area, exotic fish

Kaynakça

• Abowei, J. (2009). The Abundance, condition factor and length-weight relationship of Sardinella madernensis (Jenyns, 1842) from Nkoro River Niger Delta, Nigeria. Advance Journal of Food Science and Technology, 1(1), 66-71.
• Al-Hassan, L., & El-Silini, O. (1999). Check-list of bony fishes collected from the Mediterranean coast of Benghazi, Libya. Revista de Biologia Marina y Oceanografia, 34(2), 291-301.
• CEIC, (2018) Libya LY: Total Fisheries Production https://www.ceicdata.com/en/libya/agricultural-production-and-consumption/ly-total-fisheries-production.
• Damalas, D., Maravelias, C. D., Osio, G. C., Maynou, F., Sbrana, M., Sartor, P., & Casey, J. (2015). Historical discarding in Mediterranean fisheries: a fishers' perception. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 72(9), 2600-2608.
• El Arbi Houni, A. (1989). The International seminar on the combat of pollution and the conservation of marine wealth in the mediterranean sea: Report of seminar: june 5-8.
• European Commission (2011) Country Report; Libya. European Commission 6p.
• Ezalnaser.A. Farag.Abziew. (2016). Fisheries statues in Derna coast, Eastern Libya. Int. J. Adv. Res. Biol. Sci. 3(4): 109-116.
• FAO (2005). Libyan Arab Jamahiryia—Fishery Country Profile—FID/CP/LIB. Available at: http://www.fao.org/fi/fcp/en/LBY/profile.htm.
• FAO (2008). Fisheries and Aquaculture Information and Statistics Service. Fishery and Aquaculture Statistics 2006.
• Gashout, S.F., Haddud, D.A., el-Zintani, A.A., el-Bare, R.M.A., 1989. Evi- dence for infection of Libyan sponge grounds. In: International Seminar on the Combat of Pollution and the Conservation of the Marine Wealth in the Mediterranean Sea. Marine Biological Resource Centre (MBRC), Gulf of Sirt, Libya, 100–113.
• GFCM (2011) Report on the transversal workshop on selectivity improvement, by-catch reduction and alternative gears. General fisheries commission for the Mediterranean, Marseille. 16p.
• Halouani, G., Lasram, F. B. R., Khalfallah, M., Zeller, D., & Pauly, D. (2015). Reconstruction of marine fisheries catches for Tunisia. Fisheries Centre Working Paper Series. Vancouver, Canada.
• IUCN (2011) Towards a Representative Network of Marine Protected Areas in Libya. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Málaga, Spain. 68p .
• Khalfallah,M ., Belhabib, D ., Zeller,D and Pauly,D .(2015) . Reconstruction of Marine Fisheries catches for Libya (1950-2010). Fisheries Centre . Univ. Br. Columbia 1–29.
• Lamboeuf, M., Abdallah, A. B., Coppola, R., Germoni, A., & Spinelli, M. (2000). Artisanal fisheries in Libya: census of fishing vessels and inventory of artisanal fishery metiers: FAO.
• Library of congress-Federal Research Division. (2005). Country profile; Libya. Available at: http://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/cs/profiles/Libya.pdf
• Machias, A., Vassilopoulou, V., Vatsos, D., Bekas, P., Kallianiotis, A., Papaconstantinou, C., & Tsimenides, N. (2001). Bottom trawl discards in the northeastern Mediterranean Sea. Fisheries Research, 53(2), 181-195.
• Manach, F. L., Harper, S., Harris, A., Hosch, G., Lange, G., Strub, A., . . . Sumaila, U. (2015). Reconstruction of Marine Fisheries catches for Libya (1950-2010). Univ. Br. Columbia 1–29.
• Mansor, G.S.(2016). Impacts of Population On Water Resources in Libya. Global Libyan Journal,5,1-15.
• Metz HC (1989) Libya, a country study. Federal Research Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. p351.
• Milanese, M., Sarà, A., Manconi, R., Abdalla, A. B., & Pronzato, R. (2008). Commercial sponge fishing in Libya: Historical records, present status and perspectives. Fisheries Research, 89(1), 90-96.
• Otman, W., & Karlberg, E. (2007). The Libyan economy: economic diversification and international repositioning: Springer Science & Business Media.
• Öztürk, B. (2015). Nature and extent of the illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing in the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment, 21(1).
• Rawag, A. A., Haddoud, D. A., & Zgozi, S. W. (2004). Commercial demersal marine species of Libya. MedSudMed Technical Documents No, 2, 75-81.
• Reynolds, J.E., Lamboeuf, M., Ben Abdallaha, A., Abukhader, A., Abdulbari, R., Nafati, A. (1994) Preliminary finding of the 1993 Libyan marine fisheries. Frame survey: workshop proceedings. Tripoli/Rome, FAO. FI: DP/LIB/88/99 & FI: GCP/LIB/02/IsDB, Technical
• Reynolds, J., Abukhader, A., & Ben Abdallah, A. (1995). The marine wealth sector of Libya: a development planning overview. Sacchi, J. (2011). Analyse des activités économiques en Méditerranée: Secteurs pêche–aquaculture. Plan Bleu, Valbonne, 87.
• Saleh, I. M. (2014). Socio-Economic and Biologic Study of a Commercial Fish, Sardinella aurita, of the Western Libyan Water and Its Importance to improving the National Economy in Libya. International Journal of Agriculture and Economic Development, 2(1), 42.
• Shakman, E., & Kinzelbach, R. (2007). Commercial fishery and fish species composition in coastal waters of Libya. Rostocker Meeresbiologische Beiträge, 18, 63-78. The International Ocean Institute (IOI) and Parliamentary Assembly of The Mediterranean. (2014). Role of Fisheries an Aquaculture in Food Security of The Mediterranean Countries .
• The Libyan Wildlife Trust.(2014). Information on fishing in Libya https://www.facebook.com/LIBYANWILDLIFETRUST/Tsagarakis, K., Palialexis, A., & Vassilopoulou, V. (2013). Mediterranean fishery discards: review of the existing knowledge. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 71(5), 1219-1234.