Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Stance Taking and Positioning: Construction of Self in Marriage Programs

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1, 1 - 20, 15.01.2019

Öz

The present study
depends on the instant and dialogic identity construction processes in everyday
talk and their realisations in marriage programs. These programs offer the
participants and their spouse candidates a context in which they can create
their selves and construct these selves instantly and mutually in face-to-face
interaction. In this frame, our study aims to demonstrate how the participants
in marriage programs construct their selves in accordance with the context and
the candidate in their mutual interactions. The data leads to the study comprises
of the conversation segments taken from the 213 episodes of a program, “Esra
Erol’la” which had been broadcasted in day time between the dates of 29 August
2016 and 23 June 2017 (Season 2). The extracts presented in the study include
two conversational segments which are identified through the analysis of the
213 episodes and purposive sampling. In the axis of the aim of study, these
conversation segments which show the acts of self negotiations of the
participants have been explored in terms of stance-taking
proposed by
Du Bois (2007) and Positioning Theory introduced by Davies and Harré (1990; 2003). Thus, the linguistic
acts for ‘self negotiations’ of the participants have been discussed through
the three dimensional models that these theories had proposed and a theoretical
insight over the instances of intersections of these two theoretical frameworks
which bring an understanding for the instant and dialogic construction of identity
have been suggested.

Kaynakça

  • Antaki, C. ve Widdicombe, S. (1998). Identity as an achievement and as a tool. C. Antaki ve S. Widdicombe (Yay. haz.), Identities in Talk içinde (s. 1-14). Londra: Sage.
  • Archakis, A. (2012). Doing indiscipline in narrative performances. How Greek students present themselves disobeying their teachers. Narrative Inquiry, 22(2), 287-306.
  • Archakis, A. ve Tzanne, A. (2005). Narrative positioning and the construction of situated identities. Evidence from conversations of a group of young people in Greece. Narrative Inquiry, 15(2), 267-291.
  • Archakis, A. ve Tzanne, A. (2009). Constructing social identities through story-telling: Tracing Greekness in Greek narratives. Pragmatics, 19(3), 341-160.
  • Burr, V. (1995). An introduction to social constructionism. Florence, KY, US: Taylor & Frances/Routledge.
  • Bakhtin, M. [1934] (1981). The dialogic imagination: Four Essays by MM. Bakhtin. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press.
  • Bamberg, M. (1997). Positioning between structure and performance. Journal of Narrative and Life History, 7, 335-342.
  • Biber, D. ve Finnegan, E. (1989). Styles of stance in English: Lexical and grammatical marking of evidentiality and affect. Text, 9, 93-124.
  • Biber, D., Johansson, S., Leech, G, Conrad, S. ve Finegan, E. (1999). The Longman grammar of spoken and written English. Londra: Longman.
  • Bruner, J. S. (1991). The narrative construction of reality. Critical Inquiry, 18(1), 1-21.
  • Conrad, S. ve Biber, D. (2000). Adverbial marking of stance in speech and writing. S. Hunston ve G. Thompson (Yay. haz.), Evaluation in text: Authorial stance and the construction of discourse içinde (s. 56-73). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Davies, B. ve Harré, R. (1990). Positioning: The discursive production of selves. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 20, 44-63.
  • Davies, B. ve Harré, R. (1999). Positioning and personhood. R. Harré ve L. van Lagenhove (Yay. haz.), Positioning theory içinde (s. 32-52). Malden, MA: Blackwell.
  • Davies, B. ve Harré, R. (2001). Positioning: The discursive production of selves. M. Wetherell, S. Taylor ve S. Yates (Yay. haz.), Discourse theory and practices içinde (s. 261-271). Londra: Sage.
  • Davies, B. ve Harré, R. (2003). Positioning and personhood. Harré, R. ve van Langenhove, L. (Yay. haz.), Positioning theory içinde (s. 32-52). Oxford: Blackwell.
  • De Fina, A., Schiffrin, D. ve Bamberg, M. (2006). Discourse and identity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • De Fina, A. (2003). Identity in narrative. A study of immigrant discourse. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  • Du Bois, J. W. (2007). The Stance triangle. Englebretson, R. (Yay. haz.) , Stance – taking in discourse: Subjectivity, evaluation, interaction içinde (ss. 139-182). Amsterdam: Benjamins.
  • Du Bois, J. W. (2014). Towards a dialogic syntax. Cognitive Linguistics, 25(3), 359-410.
  • Ferveit, A. (1999). Reality TV in the digital era: a paradox in visual culture? Media, Culture and Society, 21, 787-804.
  • Fiske, J. (2003). İletişim çalışmalarına giriş. Ankara: Bilim ve Sanat Yayınları.
  • Georgakopoulou, Α. (1997). Narrative performances. A study of Modern Greek storytelling. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  • Georgakopoulou, Α. (1999). Doing youth in and through conversational narratives. J. Verschueren (Yay. haz.), Language and ideology. Selected papers from the 6th International Pragmatics Conference, V.1 içinde (s. 125-142). Antwerp: International Pragmatics Association.
  • Georgakopoulou, A. (2007). Small stories, interaction and identities. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  • Giddens, A. (2000). Sosyoloji. Ankara: Ayraç Yayınevi.
  • Haddington P. (2005). The Intersubjectivity of Stance Taking In Talk-In-Interaction. Doktora tezi. English Department, University of Oulu: Oulu University Press.
  • Harré, R. (1991). Discursive production of selves. Theory and Psychology, 1(1), 51-63.
  • Harré, R. ve Moghaddam, F. M. (2003). Introduction: The self and others in traditional psychology and in Positioning Theory. R. Harré ve F. M. Moghaddam (Yay. haz.), The self and others: Positioning individuals and groups in personal, political, and cultural contexts içinde (s. 1-11). Westport: Praeger Publishers.
  • Harré, R. ve van Langenhove, L. (1991). Varieties of positioning. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 21(4), 393-407.
  • Hatoss, A. (2012). Where are you from? Discourse and Society, 23(1), 47-68.
  • Hunston, S. ve Sinclair, J. M. (2000). A local grammar of evaluation. S. Hunston ve G. Thompson (Yay. haz.), Evaluation in text: Authorial stance and the construction of discourse içinde (s. 74-101). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Hunston, S. ve Thompson, G. (2000). Evaluation in text: Authorial stance and the construction of discourse. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Jefferson, G. (2004a). Glossary of transcript symbols with an introduction. G. H. Lerner (Yay. haz.), Conversation Analysis: Studies from the First Generation içinde (s. 13-23). Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
  • Jefferson, G. (2004b). A sketch of some orderly aspects of overlap in natural conversation (1975). G. H. Lerner (Yay. haz.) içinde, Conversation Analysis: Studies from the First Generation içinde (s. 43-59). Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
  • Johnstone, B. (2009). Stance, style, and the linguistic individual. Alexandra Jaffe (Yay. haz.), Stance: Sociolinguistic perspectives içinde (s. 29-52). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Kiesling, S. F. (2009). Style as stance: Stance as the explanation for patterns of sociolinguistic variation. A. Jaffe (Yay. haz.), Stance: Sociolinguistic perspectives içinde (s. 171-194). Oxford: Oxford UniversityPress.
  • Labov, W. (1997). Some further steps in narrative analysis. Journal of Narrative and Life History, 7, 395-415.
  • Labov, W. ve Waletzky, J. (1967). Oral versions of personal experience. J. Helm (Yay. haz.), Essays on the verbal and visual arts içinde (s. 12-44). Seattle: University of Washington Press.
  • Martin, J. R. ve White, P. R. R. (2005). The language of evaluation: Appraisal in English. Londra: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Ochs, E. (1990). Cultural universals in the acquisition of language: Keynote address. Papers and Reports on Child Language Development, 29, 1-19.
  • Ochs, E. (1993). Indexing gender. A. Duranti ve C. Goodwin (Yay. haz.), Rethinking context içinde (s. 335-358). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Potter, J. ve Wetherell, M. (1987). Discourse and social psychology. Londra: Sage.
  • Thompson, G. ve Hunston, S. (2000). Evaluation: An introduction. S. Hunston ve G. Thompson (Yay. haz.), Evaluation in text: Authorial stance and the construction of discourse içinde (s. 1-27). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • van Langenhove, L. ve Harré, R. (1999). Introducing positioning theory. R. Harré ve L. van Langenhove (Yay. haz.), Positioning Theory içinde (s. 14-32). Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishers.
  • Voloshinov, V. N. [1929] (1973). Marxism and the Philosophy of Language. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Wetherell, M. (1998). Positioning and interpretative repertoires: Conversation analysis and post-structuralism in dialogue. Discourse and Society, 9(3), 387- 412.
  • Wetherell, M. ve Edley, N. (2014). A discursive psychological framework for analysing men and masculanities. Psychology of Men & Masculanity, 15(4), 355-364.

Duruş-Alma ve Konumlandırma: Evlilik Programlarında Benliğin Sunumu

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1, 1 - 20, 15.01.2019

Öz




Bu çalışma günlük konuşmalarda
ortaya çıkan anlık ve söyleşimsel kimlik inşa süreçlerine ve bu süreçlerin
evlilik programlarındaki görünümlerine dayanmaktadır. Evlilik programları,
katılımcılara eş adayları ile yüz yüze etkileşimde bulunarak benliklerini
ortaya koyma ve benliklerini karşılıklı ve anlık olarak yapılandırma konusunda
bir ortam sunmaktadırlar. Bu bağlamda çalışmamız, evlilik programlarındaki
katılımcıların karşılıklı konuşmaları sırasında konuşma bağlamına ve
karşısındaki adaya göre benliklerini nasıl inşa ettiklerini göstermeyi
amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmaya kaynaklık eden veriler
Türkiye
televizyonlarında gündüz kuşağında yayınlanan “Esra Erol’la” adlı programın 29
Ağustos 2016 ve 23 Haziran 2017 (2. sezon) tarihleri arasında yayınlanmış olan
213 bölümünden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmada sunulan örnekler bu 213 bölümün
incelenmesi çerçevesinde araçsal örneklem ile belirlenmiş iki konuşma kesitini
kapsamaktadır.  Çalışmanın amacı ekseninde, katılımcıların benlik
pazarlıklarına dair eylemleri işaretleyen bu konuşma kesitleri Du Bois (2007) tarafından ortaya
konulan Duruş-alma ve Davies ve Harré
(1990; 2003) tarafından temelleri atılan Konumlandırma
Kuramı
(İng. Positioning Theory) üzerinden incelenmiştir. Böylelikle
katılımcıların ‘benlik pazarlıklarına’ dair dilsel eylemler bu kuramların
ortaya koyduğu üç boyutlu kavram modelleri üzerinden tartışılmış ve anlık ve
söyleşimsel kimlik inşasına bir bakış getiren bu iki kavramsal çerçevenin
kesişim noktalarına dair örneklendirmeler üzerinden kuramsal bir anlayış
sunulmaya çalışılmıştır.




Kaynakça

  • Antaki, C. ve Widdicombe, S. (1998). Identity as an achievement and as a tool. C. Antaki ve S. Widdicombe (Yay. haz.), Identities in Talk içinde (s. 1-14). Londra: Sage.
  • Archakis, A. (2012). Doing indiscipline in narrative performances. How Greek students present themselves disobeying their teachers. Narrative Inquiry, 22(2), 287-306.
  • Archakis, A. ve Tzanne, A. (2005). Narrative positioning and the construction of situated identities. Evidence from conversations of a group of young people in Greece. Narrative Inquiry, 15(2), 267-291.
  • Archakis, A. ve Tzanne, A. (2009). Constructing social identities through story-telling: Tracing Greekness in Greek narratives. Pragmatics, 19(3), 341-160.
  • Burr, V. (1995). An introduction to social constructionism. Florence, KY, US: Taylor & Frances/Routledge.
  • Bakhtin, M. [1934] (1981). The dialogic imagination: Four Essays by MM. Bakhtin. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press.
  • Bamberg, M. (1997). Positioning between structure and performance. Journal of Narrative and Life History, 7, 335-342.
  • Biber, D. ve Finnegan, E. (1989). Styles of stance in English: Lexical and grammatical marking of evidentiality and affect. Text, 9, 93-124.
  • Biber, D., Johansson, S., Leech, G, Conrad, S. ve Finegan, E. (1999). The Longman grammar of spoken and written English. Londra: Longman.
  • Bruner, J. S. (1991). The narrative construction of reality. Critical Inquiry, 18(1), 1-21.
  • Conrad, S. ve Biber, D. (2000). Adverbial marking of stance in speech and writing. S. Hunston ve G. Thompson (Yay. haz.), Evaluation in text: Authorial stance and the construction of discourse içinde (s. 56-73). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Davies, B. ve Harré, R. (1990). Positioning: The discursive production of selves. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 20, 44-63.
  • Davies, B. ve Harré, R. (1999). Positioning and personhood. R. Harré ve L. van Lagenhove (Yay. haz.), Positioning theory içinde (s. 32-52). Malden, MA: Blackwell.
  • Davies, B. ve Harré, R. (2001). Positioning: The discursive production of selves. M. Wetherell, S. Taylor ve S. Yates (Yay. haz.), Discourse theory and practices içinde (s. 261-271). Londra: Sage.
  • Davies, B. ve Harré, R. (2003). Positioning and personhood. Harré, R. ve van Langenhove, L. (Yay. haz.), Positioning theory içinde (s. 32-52). Oxford: Blackwell.
  • De Fina, A., Schiffrin, D. ve Bamberg, M. (2006). Discourse and identity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • De Fina, A. (2003). Identity in narrative. A study of immigrant discourse. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  • Du Bois, J. W. (2007). The Stance triangle. Englebretson, R. (Yay. haz.) , Stance – taking in discourse: Subjectivity, evaluation, interaction içinde (ss. 139-182). Amsterdam: Benjamins.
  • Du Bois, J. W. (2014). Towards a dialogic syntax. Cognitive Linguistics, 25(3), 359-410.
  • Ferveit, A. (1999). Reality TV in the digital era: a paradox in visual culture? Media, Culture and Society, 21, 787-804.
  • Fiske, J. (2003). İletişim çalışmalarına giriş. Ankara: Bilim ve Sanat Yayınları.
  • Georgakopoulou, Α. (1997). Narrative performances. A study of Modern Greek storytelling. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  • Georgakopoulou, Α. (1999). Doing youth in and through conversational narratives. J. Verschueren (Yay. haz.), Language and ideology. Selected papers from the 6th International Pragmatics Conference, V.1 içinde (s. 125-142). Antwerp: International Pragmatics Association.
  • Georgakopoulou, A. (2007). Small stories, interaction and identities. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  • Giddens, A. (2000). Sosyoloji. Ankara: Ayraç Yayınevi.
  • Haddington P. (2005). The Intersubjectivity of Stance Taking In Talk-In-Interaction. Doktora tezi. English Department, University of Oulu: Oulu University Press.
  • Harré, R. (1991). Discursive production of selves. Theory and Psychology, 1(1), 51-63.
  • Harré, R. ve Moghaddam, F. M. (2003). Introduction: The self and others in traditional psychology and in Positioning Theory. R. Harré ve F. M. Moghaddam (Yay. haz.), The self and others: Positioning individuals and groups in personal, political, and cultural contexts içinde (s. 1-11). Westport: Praeger Publishers.
  • Harré, R. ve van Langenhove, L. (1991). Varieties of positioning. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 21(4), 393-407.
  • Hatoss, A. (2012). Where are you from? Discourse and Society, 23(1), 47-68.
  • Hunston, S. ve Sinclair, J. M. (2000). A local grammar of evaluation. S. Hunston ve G. Thompson (Yay. haz.), Evaluation in text: Authorial stance and the construction of discourse içinde (s. 74-101). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Hunston, S. ve Thompson, G. (2000). Evaluation in text: Authorial stance and the construction of discourse. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Jefferson, G. (2004a). Glossary of transcript symbols with an introduction. G. H. Lerner (Yay. haz.), Conversation Analysis: Studies from the First Generation içinde (s. 13-23). Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
  • Jefferson, G. (2004b). A sketch of some orderly aspects of overlap in natural conversation (1975). G. H. Lerner (Yay. haz.) içinde, Conversation Analysis: Studies from the First Generation içinde (s. 43-59). Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
  • Johnstone, B. (2009). Stance, style, and the linguistic individual. Alexandra Jaffe (Yay. haz.), Stance: Sociolinguistic perspectives içinde (s. 29-52). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Kiesling, S. F. (2009). Style as stance: Stance as the explanation for patterns of sociolinguistic variation. A. Jaffe (Yay. haz.), Stance: Sociolinguistic perspectives içinde (s. 171-194). Oxford: Oxford UniversityPress.
  • Labov, W. (1997). Some further steps in narrative analysis. Journal of Narrative and Life History, 7, 395-415.
  • Labov, W. ve Waletzky, J. (1967). Oral versions of personal experience. J. Helm (Yay. haz.), Essays on the verbal and visual arts içinde (s. 12-44). Seattle: University of Washington Press.
  • Martin, J. R. ve White, P. R. R. (2005). The language of evaluation: Appraisal in English. Londra: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Ochs, E. (1990). Cultural universals in the acquisition of language: Keynote address. Papers and Reports on Child Language Development, 29, 1-19.
  • Ochs, E. (1993). Indexing gender. A. Duranti ve C. Goodwin (Yay. haz.), Rethinking context içinde (s. 335-358). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Potter, J. ve Wetherell, M. (1987). Discourse and social psychology. Londra: Sage.
  • Thompson, G. ve Hunston, S. (2000). Evaluation: An introduction. S. Hunston ve G. Thompson (Yay. haz.), Evaluation in text: Authorial stance and the construction of discourse içinde (s. 1-27). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • van Langenhove, L. ve Harré, R. (1999). Introducing positioning theory. R. Harré ve L. van Langenhove (Yay. haz.), Positioning Theory içinde (s. 14-32). Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishers.
  • Voloshinov, V. N. [1929] (1973). Marxism and the Philosophy of Language. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Wetherell, M. (1998). Positioning and interpretative repertoires: Conversation analysis and post-structuralism in dialogue. Discourse and Society, 9(3), 387- 412.
  • Wetherell, M. ve Edley, N. (2014). A discursive psychological framework for analysing men and masculanities. Psychology of Men & Masculanity, 15(4), 355-364.
Toplam 46 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Emel Kökpınar Kaya 0000-0001-5319-6527

Zafer Uzun

Demet Ulusoy

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Ocak 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Kökpınar Kaya, E., Uzun, Z., & Ulusoy, D. (2019). Duruş-Alma ve Konumlandırma: Evlilik Programlarında Benliğin Sunumu. Dil Ve Edebiyat Dergisi, 16(1), 1-20.