Investigation of ocular surface changes in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Öz

Aim: To determine ocular surface changes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with and without diabetic retinopathy, to investigate the relationship between them and to compare the findings with healthy controls. Method: The study included 49 patients with diabetic retinopathy (group 1) and 49 patients with diabetes mellitus without diabetic retinopathy (group 2). The results were compared with healthy controls (group 3) with similar age and gender distribution. Results: Schirmer's test result of patients in group 1 was 9.33 ± 3.6 mm, tear breakup time was 7.27±2.24 s, OSDI score was 34.11±6.7 and 23 (46.9%) patients had corneal staining. The Schirmer's test result of patients in group 2 was 13.06 ± 3.15 mm, tear breakup time was 10.6 ± 1.95 s, OSDI score was 19.08 ± 5.5 and 8 (16.3%) patients had corneal staining. The Schirmer's test result of the patients in group 3 was 21.5±4.88 mm, tear breakup time was 13.1±1.27 s, and OSDI score was 6.21±1.3. When the values of the patients in all three groups were compared, Schirmer's test, tear breakup times and OSDI scores were found to be statistically significant (p<0.001 for all parameters). Conclusion: According to our study, dry eye disease and diabetic retinopathy were associated. Ocular involvement due to diabetes mellitus may not only include retinal pathologies but also affect anterior segment structures. Therefore, ocular surface examination can be considered an essential component of the evaluation of diabetic eye disease.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Diabetes Mellitus
• dry eye
• ocular surface
• tear film

Tip 2 Diabetes Mellitus’lu hastalarda oküler yüzey değişikliklerinin incelenmesi

Öz

Amaç: Diyabetik retinopatisi olan ve olmayan tip 2 diabetes mellitus hastalarında oküler yüzey değişikliklerini saptamak, aralarındaki ilişkiyi araştırmak ve bulguları sağlıklı kontrollerle karşılaştırmaktır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya diyabetik retinopatisi olan 49 hasta (grup 1) ve diyabetes mellituslu olup diyabetik retinopatisi olmayan 49 hasta (grup 2) dahil edildi. Sonuçlar benzer yaş ve cinsiyet dağılımına sahip sağlıklı kontrollerle (grup 3) karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Grup 1'deki hastaların Schirmer testi sonucu 9.33±3.6 mm, gözyaşı kırılma süresi 7.27±2.24 sn, OYHİ skoru 34.11±6.7 idi ve 23 (%46.9) hastada korneal boyanma vardı. Grup 2'deki hastaların Schirmer testi sonucu 13.06±3.15 mm, gözyaşı kırılma süresi 10.6±1.95 sn, OYHİ skoru 19.08±5.5 ve 8 (%16.3) hastada korneal boyanma vardır. Grup 3'deki kişilerin Schirmer testi sonucu 21.5±4.88 mm, gözyaşı kırılma süresi 13.1±1.27 sn, OYHİ skoru 6.21±1.3’tür. Her üç gruptaki hastaların değerleri karşılaştırıldığında, Schirmer testi, gözyaşı kırılma süreleri ve OYHİ skorları istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu (p<0.001, tüm parametreler için). Sonuç: Çalışmamıza göre, kuru göz hastalığı ve diyabetik retinopati bir birliktelik göstermektedir. Diyabetes mellitusa bağlı oküler tutulum yalnızca retinal patolojileri içermeyip aynı zamanda ön segment yapılarını da etkileyebilir. Dolayısıyla oküler yüzey muayenesi diyabetik göz hastalığının değerlendirilmesinin önemli bir parçası olduğu düşünülebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Diabetes Mellitus
• gözyaşı filmi
• kuru göz
• oküler yüzey

Kaynakça

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