Ürolojik cerrahi hastalarında açlık süresi ile ameliyat sonrası bulantı-kusma arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, ürolojik cerrahi hastalarında ameliyat sonrası açlık süresi ile bulantı kusma arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlandı. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı desendeki bu çalışmanın örneklemini Mersin ilinin bir devlet hastanesinde ürolojik cerrahi geçiren 124 hasta oluşturdu. Araştırma verileri, Ocak-Mayıs 2025 tarihleri arasında araştırmacılar tarafından “Tanıtıcı Özellikler Formu”, “Hasta İzlem Formu” ve “Apfel Risk Skorlama Sistemi” ile yüz yüze toplandı. Bulgular: Hastaların yaş ortalaması 53.27 yıldır. Hastaların ameliyat öncesi katı açlık süresi 10 saat (ss= 2.55), ameliyat öncesi sıvı açlık süresi ise 9.34 saat (ss=2.45) olup, ameliyat sonrası katı açlık süresi 3.75 saat (ss=1.80), ameliyat sonrası sıvı açlık süresi ise 2.95 saattir (ss=1.35). Hastaların 24 saat içerisinde en az bir kere bulantı-kusma yaşama oranı %33.87 olarak saptandı. Ameliyat sonrası 0. ve 2. saatlerde bulantı-kusma yaşayan hastaların sırasıyla ameliyat öncesi ve ameliyat sonrası sıvı açlık sürelerinin anlamlı şekilde yüksek olduğu belirlendi (p<0.05). Ameliyat sonrası 0., 2. ve 6. saatlerde bulantı-kusma gelişen hastaların APFEL skorları da anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti (p<0.05). Sonuç: Araştırma bulguları, ameliyat sonrası 0. ve 2. saatlerde bulantı-kusma yaşayan hastaların sırasıyla ameliyat öncesi ve sonrası sıvı açlık sürelerinin daha uzun olduğunu gösterdi. Bu bulgu, ürolojik cerrahi hastalarında sıvı açlık sürelerinin ameliyat sonrası bulantı-kusma gelişiminde etkili bir faktör olabileceğine işaret etmektedir. Bu bağlamda, kanıt temelli rehber önerilerinin sahaya entegrasyonun sağlanması için kurumsal politikalarda düzenlemelerin yapılması ve sağlık profesyonellerinin bilinçlendirilmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Üriner
• cerrahi
• açlık süresi
• ameliyat sonrası bulantı kusma

Determination of the relationship between fasting time and postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing urological surgery

Öz

Aim: This study aimed to examine the relationship between postoperative fasting duration and postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing urological surgery. Method: This descriptive study included a sample of 124 patients who underwent urinary system surgery at a state hospital in Mersin, Türkiye. Data were collected face-to-face by the researchers between January-May 2025 using the “Descriptive Characteristics Form,” “Patient Follow-up Form,” and the “Apfel Risk Scoring System.” Results: The mean age of the patients was 53.27 years. The mean preoperative solid fasting duration was 10 hours (sd = 2.55), and the mean preoperative liquid fasting duration was 9.34 hours (sd = 2.45). The mean postoperative solid fasting duration was 3.75 hours (sd = 1.80), and the mean postoperative liquid fasting duration was 2.95 hours (sd = 1.35). Within 24 hours after surgery, 33.87% of patients experienced at least one episode of nausea or vomiting. atients who experienced nausea-vomiting at postoperative hours 0 and 2 had significantly longer preoperative and postoperative liquid fasting durations, respectively (p <0.05). In addition, Apfel scores were significantly higher in patients who developed nausea-vomiting at postoperative 0, 2, and 6 hours (p <0.05). Conclusion: The findings showed that patients who experienced nausea-vomiting at postoperative 0 and 2 hours had longer preoperative and postoperative liquid fasting durations, respectively. This result suggests that liquid fasting duration may be an influential factor in the development of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing urological surgery. In this context, it is recommended to implement institutional policy adjustments and raise awareness among healthcare professionals to ensure the integration of evidence-based guideline recommendations into clinical practice.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Urinary
• surgery
• fasting duration
• postoperative nausea and vomiting

Kaynakça

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