Yağ Dokusunun İmmünolojik ve İnflamatuvar Fonksiyonları

Öz

AbstractImmunologic and Inflammatory Functions of Adipose Tissue Obesity is a chronic condition defined by an excess amount of body fat. Morbidity and mortality from obesity for both adults and children are increasing rapidly all around the world and in Turkey as well. A certain amount of body fat is necessary for storing energy, heat insulation, shock absorption, and other functions. The normal amount of body fat is 25-30% of body mass in woman and 18-23% in man. Woman with over 30% body fat and man with over 25% body fat are considered obese. On the other hand, especially white adipose tissue is a major endocrine and secretory organ which releases a wide range of protein signals and factors termed adipokines such as leptin, adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-1β, IL-6, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, nerve growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 and haptoglobin. All of these adipokines are linked to inflammation and the inflammatory response, and some metabolic and autoimmune disorders such as insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and asthma. Obesity is quite involved in all these conditions because of the endocrine and secretory functions of the adipose tissue.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• obesity, adipose tissue, adipokine, inflammation

Yağ Dokusunun İmmünolojik ve İnflamatuvar Fonksiyonları

Öz

Türkçe Özet:Obezite vücut yağının miktarındaki artış olarak tanımlanan kronik bir durumdur. Dünyanın her tarafında olduğu gibi ülkemizde de hem erişkinlerde hem de çocuklarda obezitenin morbidite ve mortalitesi hızla artmaktadır. Belli bir miktara kadar yağ dokusu; enerji depolamak, ısı yalıtımını sağlamak, darbeleri absorblamak ve diğer fonksiyonlar için gereklidir. Vücut yağının normal miktarı bayanlarda vücut kütlesinin %25-30\'u, erkeklerde ise %18-23\'ü kadardır. Vücut yağ oranı %30\'un üzerinde olan bayanlarla, %25\'in üzerinde olan erkekler dikkate alınacak derecede obezdir. Öte yandan özellikle beyaz yağ dokusu geniş ölçüde protein sinyallerini ve adipokin adı verilen leptin, adiponektin, tümör nekroz faktör-α, IL-1β, IL-6, monosit kemotaktik protein-1, makrofaj göçünü baskılayıcı faktör, sinir büyüme faktörü, vasküler endotelyal büyüme faktörü, plazminojen aktivasyon inhibitörü-1 ve haptoglobin gibi faktörleri salgılayan en önemli endokrin ve sekretuvar organdan biridir. Bütün bu adipokinler inflamasyon, inflamatuvar yanıt ve insülin direnci, metabolik sendrom ve astım gibi bazı metabolik ve otoimmün hastalıklarla bağlantılıdır. Obezite, yağ dokusunun endokrin ve sekretuvar fonksiyonundan dolayı tüm bu durumlarla oldukça ilişkilidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• obezite, adipoz doku, adipokin, inflamasyon

Kaynakça

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