Klinisyen Hemşirelerde Duygusal Zeka: Nitel ve Nicel Verilerle Mersin Örneği

Öz

Amaç: Çalışma, klinik ortamda çalışan hemşirelerin duygusal zeka düzeyleri ve etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Nitel ve nicel verilerin bir arada toplandığı kesitsel tipte analitik bir araştırmadır. Araştırmanın örneklemini, Mersin ilinde bulunan devlet ve tıp fakültesi hastanelerinde çalışan 250 hemşire oluşturmuştur. Araştırmanın nicel verileri “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” ve Bar-On Duygusal Zeka Ölçeği kullanılarak, nitel veriler ise iki adet açık uçlu soru sorularak toplanmıştır. Nitel verilerin değerlendirilmesinde içerik analizi, nicel verilerin değerlendirilmesinde ise ortalama, standart sapma, bağımsız iki grup t testi ve tek yönlü varyans analizi testleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan hemşirelerin çoğunluğunun kadın, evli, yaş ortalamaları 32.05±6.48 ve duygusal zeka puan ortalamaları 3.86±0.42’dır. Mersin Devlet Hastanesi’nde çalışanların “kişisel beceriler”, “uyumluluk”, “stresle başa çıkma” alt boyut puan ortalamaları diğer kurumda çalışanlardan yüksek, tıp fakültesinde çalışanların “genel ruh durumu” ve ölçek toplam puanı ortalamaları devlet hastanelerinde çalışanlardan daha düşüktür. Sağlık Meslek Lisesi mezunlarının “kişilerarası beceriler” ve “genel ruh durumu” alt boyutları puan ortalamaları diğer gruplardan düşüktür (p<0.05). İçerik analizi sonucunda ise Hemşirelere Göre Hasta Olmanın Anlamı ve Hemşirelerin Bakım Verirken Hissettiği Duygular olmak üzere iki ana tema ve altı alt tema elde edilmiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada klinik ortamda çalışan hemşirelerin duygusal zeka ölçek puan ortalamalarının iyi düzeyde olduğu ve hasta gereksinimlerini karşılamanın mesleki doyumu artırdığı ortaya çıkmıştır.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Duygusal zeka
• hemşire
• bakım

Emotional intelligence of clinic nurses: Mersin sample with qualitative and quantitative data

Öz

Aim: The study was conducted to determine the emotional intellegence levels of clinical nurses and the factors affecting them. Method: This study is a cross-sectional analytical research that is a combination of both qualitative and quantitative data. The sample of the study was composed of 250 nurses who have worked at university hospital and state hospitals in city of Mersin. The quantitative data of the study was collected by using "Personal Information Form" and ''Bar-On Emotional Intelligence Inventory'' and the qualitative data was collected by asking two openended questions. Content analysis was used for the evaluation of qualitative data and standard deviation, Independent Samples t-test and one way ANOVA tests were used for the evaluation of
the quantitative data. Results: The majority of nurses who participated in the study were married and their mean age was 32.05±6.48 and the emotional intelligence scores (3.86 ± 0.42) were higher. The "Personal skills", "harmony", "stress coping" dimensions of the nurses working at Mersin State Hospital were higher than the ones working at other institutions and the "general mood" and the total score of the scale of the nurses working at the university hospital were lower than state hospitals. The "Personal skills" and "general mood" subscale mean scores of the nurses who graduated from Vocational Schools of Health were lower than the other groups. The two main themes and six sub-themes were obtained through the Content analysis of the results. They are the Meaning of Being a Patient According to the Nurses and The Emotions that the Nurses Have While Caring. Conclusion: In this study it is revealed that the mean score of the emotional intelligence levels of the clinic nurses is at a good level and that their meeting the patients’ needs increases their professional satisfaction. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Emotional
• intelligence
• nurse

Kaynakça

1. Goleman D. Duygusal Zeka. Çev: Yüksel BS, 19. Baskı, İstanbul Varlık Yayınları,2001.
2. Salovey P.& Mayer JD. Emotional intelligence. Imagination Cognition, and Personality 1990;9 (3): 185-211.
3. Reeves A. Emotional intelligence. Recognizing and regulating emotions. AAOHN Journal 2005;53 (4): 172-176.
4. Bar-On R, Brown JM, Kirkcaldy BD. & Thomé EP. Emotional expression and implications for occupational stress; an application of the emotional quotient inventory. Personality and Individual Differences 2000; 28:1107-1118.
5. Karakaş SA. & Küçükoğlu S. Bir eğitim hastanesinde çalışan hemşirelerin duygusal zeka düzeyleri. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2011;14(3): 8-13.
6. Rego A, Godinho L, McQueen A. & Cunha MP. Emotional intelligence and caring behavior in nursing. The Service Industries Journal 2010; 30 (9): 1419- 1437.
7. McQueen A.Emotionalintelligence in nursingwork. Journal of Advanced Nursing 2004;47(1):101-108.
8. Blanche MT. Durrheim K. & Painter D. Research in Practice: Applied Methods for the Social Sciences. Second Edition, University of Cape TownPress, 2006: p.134.

9. Acar FT. Duygusal zeka ve liderlik. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 2002; 12:53-68.
10. Kümbetoğlu B. Sosyoloji ve Antropolojide Kalitatif Metodlar. Istanbul, BağlamYayıncılık, 2005.
11. Rose J. & Glass N. An Australian investigation of emotional work, emotional well- being and professional practice: an emancipatory inquiry. Journal of Clinical Nursing 2010; 19: 1405–1414.
12. Onay M. Çalışanın sahip olduğu duygusal zekasının ve duygusal emeğinin, görev performansı ve bağlamsal performans üzerindeki etkisi. Ege Akademik Bakış 2011; 11 (4): 587-600.
13. Stayt LC. Death, empathy and self-preservation: the emotional labour of caring for families of the critically ill in adult intensive care. Journal of Clinical Nursing2009; 18: 1267–1275.
14. Codier E, Freitas B. & Muneno L. Developing emotional intelligence ability in oncology nurses: A Clinical rounds approach. Oncology Nursing Forum 2013; 4(1): 22-29.
15. Kaur D, Sambasivan M. & Kumar N. Effect of spiritual intelligence, emotional intelligence, psychological ownership and burnout on caring behavior of nurses: a cross-sectional study. Journal of Clinical Nursing 2013;22: 3192–3202.
16. Karimi L, Leggat SG, Donohue L, Farrell G. & Couper GE. Emotional rescue: The role of emotional intelligence and emotional labour on well-being and job-stress among community nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing 2013;70(1): 176–186.
17. Deshpande SP. & Joseph J. Impact of emotional intelligence, ethical climate, and behavior of peers on ethicalbehavior of nurses. Journal of Business Ethics 2009; 85: 403–410.
18. Dana L. Joseph Dİ,Jin J, Newman DA. &O’Boyle EH. Why does self-reported emotional intelligence predict job performance? A meta-analytic investigation of mixed EI. Journal of Applied Psychology 2015; 100 (2): 298–342.
19. Kaya F, Özcan A. & Yılmaz M. Comparing communication and empathic ability levels of nurses with patients’ perception of nursing care. Peak Journal of Public Health Management2013; 1(1):1-8.
20. Ranjha AY. & Shujja S. Emotional intelligence and psychological adjustment of nurses serving in emergency and non-emergency wards. Journal of Behavioral Sciences 2010; 20 (2): 36-48.
21. Wilkin K. The meaning of caring to nurses: An investigation in to the nature of caring work in an intensive care unit. Journal of Clinical Nursing 2004; 13: 50–59.
22. Doas MD. Is Emotional competence a viable component in today’s work environment? Journal for Nurses in Staff Development 2011; 27 (5): 206-209.
23. Hilliard C. &O’Neill M. Nurses’ emotional experience of caring for children with burns. Journal of Clinical Nursing 2015; 19: 2907–2915.
24. Doas MD. What are the potential outcomes of integrating emotionally competent behaviours in to the care of psychiatric patients? Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing 2013; 20: 405–410.
25. Wilson J. Ward staff experiences of patient death in an acute medical setting. Nursing Standard 2014; 28 (37) : 37-45.
26. Banning M. & Gumley VA. Clinical nurses’ expressions of the emotions related to caring and coping with cancer patients in Pakistan: a qualitative study. European Journal of Cancer Care2012;21: 800–808.
27. Hurley J. Perceptual shifts of priority: A qualitative study bringing emotional intelligence to the fore ground for nurses in talk-based therapy roles. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing 2013; 20: 97–104.
28. Sharif F, Rezaie S, Keshavarzi S, Mansoori P. & Ghadakpoor, S. Teaching emotional intelligence to intensive care unit nurses and their general health: A randomized clinical trial. Int J Occup Environ Med 2013;4 (3): 141-148.