Does ınadverdent perioperative hypothermia affect postoperative nausea and vomiting? A literature review

Öz

Hypothermia during surgery is defined as a decrease in body temperature below 36°C during the period from the preoperative period (1 hour before anesthesia) to the postoperative period (the first 24 hours after anesthesia). All patients who require surgery are or having surgery at risk of hypothermia throughout surgery commonly. Only in the postoperative period hypothermia is reported to occur in 26% to 90% of patients undergoing surgery. Hypothermia, whose incidence is quite high, is an undesirable case. Because inadverdent hypothermia causes serious negative consequences, ranging from the patient’s lack of heat comfort to an increase in morbidity and mortality. Especially in the early period, tremors, tremor with the increase in oxygen consumption, thermal comfort impairment of long-term remain under the influence of anesthetic drugs, hence waking elongation per unit time, coagulopathy, increase of blood transfusion need increase of insulin and cortisol levels, post-operative nausea and vomiting are among the negative results that increase in symptoms. Although many studies have been conducted on the association of inadverdent hypothermia with these complications, few studies have been found on the association of nausea with vomiting. In this systematic review, it was aimed to review the effects of post-operative nausea on vomiting in patients who develop inadverdent hypothermia and to evaluate the data obtained from the studies. As a result of the literature review, there are many applications to prevent inadverdent hypothermia. In our study, studies in which nausea and vomiting were evaluated after certain procedures were compiled. It has been reported that these procedures to prevent inadverdent hypothermia have positive effects on nausea and vomiting.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hypothermia
• postoperative nausea
• vomiting

Perioperatif istemsiz hipotermi postoperatif bulantı ve kusma varlığını etkiler mi? Bir literatür incelemesi

Öz

Ameliyat döneminde hipotermi, ameliyat öncesi dönemden (anestezi öncesi bir saat), ameliyat sonrası döneme (anestezi sonrası ilk 24 saat) kadar geçen süre içinde vücut sıcaklığının 36°C’nin altına düşmesi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Ameliyat olması gereken veya ameliyat olan tüm hastalar, yaygın olarak ameliyat boyunca hipotermiye girme riski altındadır. Cerrahi geçiren hastalarda sadece ameliyat sonrası dönemde hipotermi, %26 ila %90 arasında görüldüğü bildirilmektedir. Görülme oranı oldukça yüksek olan hipotermi, istenmeyen bir durumdur. Çünkü, istenmeyen hipotermi, hastanın ısı konforsuzluğundan morbidite ve mortalite artışına kadar varan ciddi olumsuz sonuçlara neden olmaktadır. Özellikle erken dönemde, titreme, titreme ile birlikte oksijen tüketiminde artma, termal konforda bozulma, uzun süreli anestezik ilacın etkisinde kalma, dolayısıyla ayılma ünitesinde kalış süresinde uzama, koagülopati, kan tranfüzyonu ihtiyacında artma, insülin ve kortizol seviyesinde yükselme, ameliyat sonrası bulantı-kusma insidansında artış bu olumsuz sonuçlar arasında yer almaktadır. İstenmeyen hipotermi ve bu komplikasyonlar ile ilişkisi hakkında pek çok çalışma yapılmasına rağmen, bulantı kusma ile ilişkisi hakkında çok az çalışmaya rastlanmıştır. Bu sistematik incelemede, istenmeyen hipotermi gelişen hastalarda hipoterminin ameliyat sonrası görülen bulantı-kusma üzerine etkisi ile ilgili yapılan araştırmaların gözden geçirilmesi ve çalışmalardan elde edilen verilerin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yapılan literatür taraması sonucunda istenmeyen hipotermiyi önlemeye yönelik pek çok uygulamanın olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmamızda, yapılan uygulamalar sonrası bulantı kusmanın değerlendirildiği çalışmalar derlenmiştir. Ulaşılan kaynaklarda istenmeyen hipotermiyi önlemeye yönelik yapılan uygulamaların, bulantı kusmanın azaltılması üzerine olumlu etkileri olduğu bildirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• hipotermi
• ameliyat sonrası bulantı
• kusma

Kaynakça

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