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The Historiography of Legal Maxims from al-Shaybānī to al-Karkhī

Sayı: 13 15 Mart 2025
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The Historiography of Legal Maxims from al-Shaybānī to al-Karkhī

Öz

This article examines the origins of legal maxims (qawāʿid fiqhiyya, and uṣūl in early jusrists’ expression) in the early period between al-Shaybānī (d. 189/805) and al-Karkhī (d. 340/952), focusing specifically on the early de-velopment of these maxims before the fourth century AH. The article demonstrates that legal maxims were articulated in early forms as early as the second century, particularly in al-Jāmiʿ al-Kabīr by Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan al-Shaybānī. The finding is consistent with the methodology of subse-quent commentators on the same work, indicating a considerably earlier phase than the Uṣūl of al-Karkhī. The study further explores the varied ex-pressions of legal maxims during this early period, as reflected in the availa-ble early Ḥanafī tradition sources. The article identifies al-Jāmiʿ al-Kabīr as the foundational work for the independent development of legal maxims in this formative period, highlighting the evolution of their articulation prior to al-Karkhī’s contributions. It argues that the roots of these principles can be traced back to al-Shaybānī’s work, culminating in the formulations of al-Karkhī’s generation. This perspective is consistent with the functional role of legal maxims within the Ḥanafī school and reflects the specific nature of Is-lamic jurisprudence (fiqh). By shedding light on the second and third centu-ries AH, this article contributes to a deeper understanding of these periods, which have previously been addressed only in a general sense.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışma, Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimleri En-stitüsü'nde devam etmekte olan “Hicrî V. Yüzyila Ka-dar Hanefîlerde Usûl İle Ta'lil” başlıklı doktora tezime dayanmaktadır. Bu makale, 07-09/06/2023 tarihinde İstanbul’da Austin Teksas Üniversitesi ve İslam Araştırmaları Merkezi İSAM tarafından düzenlenen Üçüncü Hanefîlik Sempozyumu’nda sözlü olarak sunulan an-cak tam metni yayımlanmayan “The Rise of al-Qawāʻid al-Fiqhīyah in Early Hanafism” adlı tebliğin içeriği geliştirilerek ve kısmen değiştirilerek üretilmiş hâ-lidir./ This article is the revised and developed version of the unpublished conference presentation entitled “The Rise of al-Qawāʻid al-Fiqhīyah in Early Hanafism”, orally delivered at the Third Hanafi Workshop held in Istanbul, 07-09/06/2023, organized by University of Texas at Austin and the Islamic Research Center ISAM.

Kaynakça

  1. Bazdawī, Fakhr al-Islām al-. Sharḥ al-Jāmiʿ al-Kabīr. Kastamonu yazma eser-ler kütüphanesi, 3530.
  2. Ḥaṣīrī, Abū al-Maḥāmid al-. Al-Taḥrīr Sharḥ al-Jāmiʿ al-Kabīr. Istanbul: al-Sulaymāniyya, Rāghib Bāshā, 514.
  3. Ibn Aḥmad, ʿAbd al-Wahhāb. Al-Qawāʿid wa-al-Ḍawābiṭ al-Fiqhiyya fī Kitāb al-Umm li-l-Imām al-Shāfiʿī Jamʿan wa-Tartīban. Riyadh: Dār al-Tadmiriyya, 2008.
  4. Jaṣṣāṣ, Abū Bakr al-. Mukhtaṣar Ikhtilāf al-ʿUlamāʾ. ed. ʿAbd Allāh Nadhīr. Beirut: Dār al-Bashāʾir al-Islāmiyya, 1417.
  5. Jaṣṣāṣ, Abū Bakr al-. Sharḥ al-Jāmiʿ al-Kabīr. Egypt: Dār al-Kutub wa-al-Wathāʾiq, 745.
  6. Jaṣṣāṣ, Abū Bakr al-. Sharḥ Mukhtaṣar al-Ṭaḥāwī. ed. Sāʿid Bektash. Beirut: Dār al-Bashāʾir al-Islāmīyya, 2010.
  7. Kızılkaya, Necmetti̇n al-. Hanefî Mezhebi̇nde Kavâ’i̇d İlmi̇ Ve Geli̇şi̇mi̇. Konya: Selçuk Üniv., Doktora, 2011.
  8. Nadwī, ʿAlī. Al-Qawāʿid wa-al-Ḍawābiṭ al-Mustakhlaṣa min al-Taḥrīr li-al-Ḥaṣīrī Sharḥ al-Jāmiʿ al-Kabīr. Cairo: Maṭbaʿat al-Madanī, 1991.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

İslam Hukuku

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

15 Mart 2025

Gönderilme Tarihi

28 Aralık 2024

Kabul Tarihi

17 Şubat 2025

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2025 Sayı: 13

Kaynak Göster

APA
Şahin, M. (2025). The Historiography of Legal Maxims from al-Shaybānī to al-Karkhī. Mevzu – Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 13, 551-576. https://doi.org/10.56720/mevzu.1608935
AMA
1.Şahin M. The Historiography of Legal Maxims from al-Shaybānī to al-Karkhī. Mevzu. 2025;(13):551-576. doi:10.56720/mevzu.1608935
Chicago
Şahin, Muhammed. 2025. “The Historiography of Legal Maxims from al-Shaybānī to al-Karkhī”. Mevzu – Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, sy 13: 551-76. https://doi.org/10.56720/mevzu.1608935.
EndNote
Şahin M (01 Mart 2025) The Historiography of Legal Maxims from al-Shaybānī to al-Karkhī. Mevzu – Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 13 551–576.
IEEE
[1]M. Şahin, “The Historiography of Legal Maxims from al-Shaybānī to al-Karkhī”, Mevzu, sy 13, ss. 551–576, Mar. 2025, doi: 10.56720/mevzu.1608935.
ISNAD
Şahin, Muhammed. “The Historiography of Legal Maxims from al-Shaybānī to al-Karkhī”. Mevzu – Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 13 (01 Mart 2025): 551-576. https://doi.org/10.56720/mevzu.1608935.
JAMA
1.Şahin M. The Historiography of Legal Maxims from al-Shaybānī to al-Karkhī. Mevzu. 2025;:551–576.
MLA
Şahin, Muhammed. “The Historiography of Legal Maxims from al-Shaybānī to al-Karkhī”. Mevzu – Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, sy 13, Mart 2025, ss. 551-76, doi:10.56720/mevzu.1608935.
Vancouver
1.Muhammed Şahin. The Historiography of Legal Maxims from al-Shaybānī to al-Karkhī. Mevzu. 01 Mart 2025;(13):551-76. doi:10.56720/mevzu.1608935

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