Evaluating Innovation, Quality of Life and Sustainability in OECD Countries: A Vikor Approach
Öz
This study evaluates how well OECD countries (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) balance innovation, quality of life, and environmental sustainability while accounting for per capita CO₂ emissions and cost-of-living pressures. Using 2022–2024 data, Global Innovation Index, Environmental Performance Index, and Quality-of-Life Index are benefit criteria; CO₂ emissions and Cost of Living Index are cost criteria. Weights are derived objectively by CRiteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC); compromise ranking is obtained via VIšekriterijumska optimizacija i KOmpromisno Rangiranje (VIKOR) (v=0.5). Finland, Netherlands, Sweden, Estonia, and Denmark achieve the best overall performance, whereas innovation leaders United States (32nd), Israel (35th), and Australia (34th) rank low due to high carbon intensity and affordability issues. Results show that trade-offs between innovation-driven growth and socio-environmental goals are largely policy-dependent, with the Nordic-Continental European model offering the most successful integrated approach.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Innovation, Industrialization, Sustainable Development, VIKOR
Kaynakça
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