Finansal Küreselleşme ve Çevresel Sürdürülebilirlik İlişkisi: D8 Ülkelerinden Kanıtlar

Yıl 2025, Sayı: Özel Sayı 3, 90 - 108, 31.12.2025

Pınar Çomuk

https://doi.org/10.33203/mfy.1835373

Öz

Son yıllardaki hızlı ekonomik büyüme ve artan enerji gereksinimleri, çevresel bozulmalara yol açarak küresel ısınma sorunlarına yol açmaktadır. Çalışma, D8 ülkeleri için uyumlu politikalara rehberlik etmek amacıyla; ekonomik büyüme, yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi, finansal küreselleşme değişkenlerinin 1990-2022 döneminde karbon emisyonları üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmektedir. Çalışmada çevresel sürdürülebilirliği temsil eden tüketime dayalı karbon emisyonu bağımlı değişken olarak; ekonomik büyüme, finansal küreselleşme indeksi ve yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi ise bağımsız değişkenler olarak alınmıştır. Panel veri analizi kapsamında, uygun model belirleme amacıyla F ve Hausman testleri uygulanmış ve Sabit Etkiler modeli tercih edilmiştir. Tanı testlerinde heteroskedastisite ve birimler arası korelasyon tespit edildiğinden, model Driscoll–Kraay sağlam standart hataları ile yeniden tahmin edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, finansal küreselleşme ve ekonomik büyümenin karbon emisyonlarını pozitif ve anlamlı biçimde artırdığını, yenilenebilir enerji tüketiminin anlamlı biçimde azalttığını göstermektedir. Çalışmanın sonuçları, D8 ülkelerinde ekonomik ve finansal genişlemenin çevresel baskıları arttırdığı, ancak yenilenebilir enerji politikalarının olumsuz etkileri hafifletmede etkili bir araç olabileceğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ekonomik Büyüme , Yenilenebilir Enerji Tüketimi , Finansal Küreselleşme , Karbon Emisyonu , D8 Ülkeleri.

The Relationship Between Financial Globalization and Environmental Sustainability: Evidence from D-8 Countries

Öz

Recent rapid economic growth and rising energy demands have led to environmental degradation and contributed to global warming. This study evaluates the impact of economic growth, renewable energy consumption, and financial globalization on carbon emissions in D-8 countries over the period 1990–2022 to provide guidance for harmonized policy development. Consumption-based carbon emissions are used as the dependent variable representing environmental sustainability, while economic growth, the financial globalization index, and renewable energy consumption serve as independent variables. Panel data analysis is conducted using the Fixed Effects model, selected based on F and Hausman tests. Since heteroskedasticity and cross-sectional dependence were detected, Driscoll–Kraay robust standard errors were applied. The findings indicate that financial globalization and economic growth significantly increase carbon emissions, whereas renewable energy consumption significantly reduces them, suggesting that renewable energy policies can mitigate the environmental impacts of economic and financial expansion in D-8 countries.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Economic Growth , Renewable Energy Consumption , Financial Globalization , Carbon Emissions , D-8 Countries.

Kaynakça

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