Evaluation of Some Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars and Lines for Yield and Yield Components under Duzce Ecological Conditions

Öz

Wheat is an important cereal crop in terms of cultivation area and production in Turkey and around the world. Due to climate change, increasing world population, decreasing agricultural lands and waters, the demand for wheat and wheat-based products has increased in Turkey. The study was carried out to determine yield and yield components of some bread wheat genotypes under Duzce ecological conditions in 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 growing seasons. In this research, spike length, spikelet number per spike, grain number per spike, grain weight per spike, thousand kernel weight and grain yield were investigated. According to the two year results, spike length 8.3-11.9 cm, number of spikelets per spike 16.5-19.9, number of grains per spike 44.8-57.8, grain weight per spike 1.68-2.50 g, thousand kernel weight 40.8-51.2 g and grain yield ranged between 4611-7875 kg ha-1. The highest yielding genotypes were found as H8G3, H8G5, H9G4, Rumeli and Lucilla.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Spike features
• Thousand kernel weight
• Genotype
• Adaptation

Kaynakça

1. Abbas, B., & Topal, A. (2016). Evaluation of yield and yield components of bread wheat genotypes obtained from different sources.
2. Albayrak, Ö., Bayhan, M., Özkan, R., & Akıncı, C. (2022). Ekmeklik Buğday İleri Hatlarının Verim ve Verim Kriterlerinin İncelenmesi. Dicle Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 11(1), 173-182.
3. Altinbas, M., Tosun, M., Yuce, S., & Can, A. R. (2004). Effects of genotype and location on the grain yield and some quality traits in bread wheats (T. aestivum L.). The Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Ege University (Turkey).
4. Mehmet, A. T. A. K., Özlem, K. I. S. A., & İbrahim, A. T. I. Ş. (2021). Ekim sıklığının buğday (Triticum sp.) genotiplerinin verim ve bazı kalite özelliklerine etkisi. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 26(2), 387-398.
5. Aydoğan, S., & Soylu, S. (2017). Determination of yield, yield components and some quality properties of bread wheat varieties. Jornal of Central Research Institute for Field Crops, 26(1).
6. Aydoğan, R., & Yağdı, K. (2022). Bursa ekolojik koşullarında bazı ekmeklik buğday (triticum aestivum l.) çeşitlerinin tarımsal özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesi.
7. Balkan, A., & Genctan, T. (2008). Effects of different row spacing and seeding rate on grain yield and yield components in some bread wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.). Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Turkey).
8. Bayram, S., Öztürk, A., & Aydın, M. (2017). Ekmeklik buğday genotiplerinin Erzurum koşullarında tane verimi ve verim unsurları yönünden değerlendirilmesi. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 27(4), 569-579.

9. Bilgin, O., & Korkut, K. Z. (2005). Determination of some phynological traits and grain yield of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties and lines. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty.
10. Bozkurt M, Olgun M, Bolat N (2022). Investigation of yield and quality characteristics of some bread wheat lines and varieties under Eskişehir irrigated conditions. Research Journal of Biology Sciences. 15(2): 74-79
11. Braun, H. J., Atlin, G., & Payne, T. (2010). Multi-location testing as a tool to identify plant response to global climate change. In Climate change and crop production (pp. 115-138). Wallingford UK: CABI.
12. Dınç, S., & Erekul, O. (2010). BAZI EKMEKLİK BUĞDAYLARDA (Triticum (testimm L.) EKİM SIKLIĞININ VERİM VE VERİM ÖĞELERİNE ETKİSİ. Journal of Adnan Menderes University, Agricultural Faculty, 7(2).
13. Güngör, H., & Dumlupınar, Z. (2019). Evaluation of some bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars for yield, yield components and quality traits in Bolu conditions. Turkish Journal of Agricultural and Natural Sciences, 6(1), 44-51.
14. Güngör, H., Çakır, M. F., & Dumlupınar, Z. (2022). İleri ekmeklik buğday (Triticum aestivum L.) hatlarının verim, verim unsuru ve kalite özellikleri bakımından değerlendirilmesi. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, (35), 123-127.
15. Güngör, H., Cakir, M. F., & Dumlupinar, Z. (2022). Evaluation of wheat genotypes: genotype× environment interaction and gge biplot analysis. Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 27(1), 149-157.
16. Hawkesford, M. J., Araus, J. L., Park, R., Calderini, D., Miralles, D., Shen, T., ... & Parry, M. A. (2013). Prospects of doubling global wheat yields. Food and Energy Security, 2(1), 34-48.
17. JMP (2010). JMP User Guide, Release 10 Copyright © 2010, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA, ISBN 978-1-59994- 408-1.
18. Kahraman, T., Güngör, H., Öztürk, İ., İlker, Y., & Dumlupınar, Z. (2021). Ekmeklik buğday (Triticum aestivum L.) genotiplerinde genotip ve çevrenin tane verimi ve bazı kalite özellikleri üzerine etkisinin temel bileşen ve GGE biplot analizleri ile değerlendirilmesi. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 24(5), 992-1002.
19. Kahrıman, F., & Egesel, C. Ö. (2011). Farklı Ekmeklik Buğday Çeşitlerinin Agronomik Ve Kalite Özellikleri Bakımından Değerlendirilmesi. Ordu Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 1(1), 22-35.
20. Kaydan, D., & Yagmur, M. (2008). A research on yield and yield components of some bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties in Van ecological conditions. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES-TARIM BILIMLERI DERGISI, 14(4).
21. Kaydan, D., Tepe, I., Yagmur, M., & Yergin, R. (2011). Effects of sowing methods and rates on weeds, grain yield and some yield components of wheat.
22. Polat, P. Ö. K., Çİfcİ, E. A., & Yağdı, K. (2015). Determination of relationships between grain yield and some yield components in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Tarim Bilimleri Dergisi, 21(3), 355-362.
23. Lobell, D. B., Schlenker, W., & Costa-Roberts, J. (2011). Climate trends and global crop production since 1980. Science, 333(6042), 616-620.
24. Mahpara, S., Ali, Z., Rehmani, M. I. A., Iqbal, J., & Shafiq, M. R. (2017). Studies of genetic and combining ability analysis for some physio-morphological traits in spring wheat using 7× 7 diallel crosses. Int J Agric Appl Sci, 9(1), 33-40.
25. Aydın, N., Bayramoğlu, O. H., Özcan, H., & Mut, Z. (2007). Investigation of yield and primary quality characteristics of some bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes. Anadolu Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Turkey).
26. Naneli, İ. (2022). Farklı Lokasyonlarda Bazı Ekmeklik Buğday Genotiplerinin Verim ve Kalitesinin Belirlenmesi. ICONTECH INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL, 6(3), 47-58.
27. Özen, S., & Akman, Z. (2015). Determination of yield and quality characteristics of some bread wheat cultivars in Yozgat ecological conditions. Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi-Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, 10(1), 35-43.
28. Özkan, R. (2022). Diyarbakır’da yağışa dayalı koşullarda yetiştirilen ileri kademe ekmeklik buğday hatlarının değerlendirilmesi. ISPEC Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 6(3), 583-590.
29. Parry, M. A., & Hawkesford, M. J. (2010). Genetic approaches to reduce greenhouse gas emissions: increasing carbon capture and decreasing environmental impact. In Climate change and crop production (pp. 139-150). Wallingford UK: CABI.
30. Rahman, M. M., Hossain, A. K. B. A. R., Hakim, M. A., Kabir, M. R., & Shah, M. M. R. (2009). Performance of wheat genotypes under optimum and late sowing condition. Int. J. Sustain. Crop Prod, 4(6), 34-39.
31. Sahin, M., Gocmen, A., Aydogan, S. (2004). Quality criterions for wheat and barley breeding programs (A review). Journal of Crop Research. 1(1), 54-60
32. Șahİn, M., Akçacık, A. G., Aydoğan, S., & Özer, E. (2013). Effect of grain size on quality traits in bread wheat. Anadolu, 23(2), 1-8.
33. Sakin, M. A., Akbalık, Ş., & Dirik, K. Ö. (2022). Çorum-İskilip Şartlarında Bazı Ekmeklik Buğday (Triticum aestivum L.) Çeşitlerinin Bazı Verim ve Kalite Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi. Gaziosmanpaşa Bilimsel Araştırma Dergisi, 11(2), 83-97.
34. Subasi, K., & Ayranci, R. (2021). Determination of the correlations between grain yields and agricultural characteristics of some bread wheat genotypes in Konya ecological conditions.
35. TUIK (2023). Turkish Statistical Institute. https://www.tuik.gov.tr (Accesed on 02.01.2023).
36. Ubaidullah, R., Mohammad, T., Hafeezullah, A. S., & Nassimi, A. W. (2006). Screening of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes for some important traits against natural terminal heat stress. Pak. J. Biol. Sci, 9, 2069- 2075.
37. Ullah, M. I., Mahpara, S., Bibi, R., Shah, R. U., Ullah, R., Abbas, S., ... & Khan, M. I. (2021). Grain yield and correlated traits of bread wheat lines: Implications for yield improvement. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 28(10), 5714-5719.