Assessment of Treated Wastewater for Irrigation Use with Electromagnetic Field Application: a case study from Bingöl, Türkiye

Öz

This study investigates the suitability of wastewater from the Bingöl Municipal Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant for agricultural irrigation and evaluates the potential impact of electromagnetic field (EMF) treatment on water quality. Four types of wastewater samples were analyzed: raw wastewater (W1), EMF-treated raw wastewater (W2), conventionally treated effluent (W3), and EMF-treated effluent (W4). A total of 14 physicochemical parameters were assessed using standard methods, and irrigation suitability was evaluated through indices such as Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), Sodium Percentage (%Na), Kelly’s Index (KI), Magnesium Ratio (MR), and Permeability Index (PI). The analysis showed pH values between 7.24 and 7.74, and EC values from 0.36 to 0.56 dS/m. Sodium concentrations ranged from 1.43 to 2.43 meq/L, while calcium, magnesium, and potassium levels were within acceptable ranges. Chloride, sulfate, bicarbonate, and boron concentrations were also measured, with no carbonate detected. Trace heavy metals (Pb, Cr, Ni) were found at low levels (0.001–0.003 ppm), not exceeding permissible limits. All water quality indices indicated that the samples were suitable for irrigation based on international standards. Both conventional treatment and EMF application improved water quality, with EMF showing additional positive effects. The findings support the reuse of treated wastewater as a sustainable and safe alternative water source for agriculture. EMF application appears to be a promising enhancement in wastewater treatment technology, contributing to water reuse strategies in arid and semi-arid regions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Irrigaiton water quality
• Electromagnetic fields
• Wastewater
• Filtration

Etik Beyan

During the writing process of the study titled "Assessment of Treated Wastewater for Irrigation Use with Electromagnetic Field Application: a case study from Bingöl, Türkiye", scientific rules, ethical and citation rules were followed; No falsification has been made on the collected data and this study has not been sent to any other academic media for evaluation. Ethics committee approval is not required.

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