Ekonomik Karmaşıklık, Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırım ve Ekonomik Özgürlük Arasındaki İlişki: Karadeniz Ekonomik İşbirliği Örgütü (KEİ) için Bir Panel ARDL Yaklaşımı

Öz

Karadeniz Ekonomik İşbirliği Örgütü (KEİ) coğrafi olarak çok stratejik bir öneme sahiptir. Çünkü Karadeniz hem Avrupa hem de Asya arasında bir geçiş noktasıdır. KEİ bulunduğu jeopolitik konumu itibariyle enerji, ticaret hacmi, lojistik vb. birçok yönden büyük fırsatlar sunmaktadır. Bu da KEİ ülkelerinin potansiyelinin anlaşılması bağlamında önemlidir. Çalışmada KEİ üyesi olan 13 ülkede ekonomik karmaşıklık (EC), ekonomik özgürlük (EF) ve doğrudan yabancı yatırım (FDI) ilişkisi araştırılmıştır. 1998-2022 yıllarını kapsayan bu çalışmada uzun dönemli ilişkinin varlığı Panel ARDL yönteminde sıkça kullanılan PMG tahmincisi yoluyla analiz edilmiştir. Sonuçlar hem kısa hem de uzun dönemde EC ve EF’nin FDI’yı artırdığını ortaya koymaktadır. Hata düzeltme modeli sonucunda KEİ üyesi 10 ülkede anlamlı ve pozitif bir ilişki bulunmuştur. 3 ülkede ise hata düzeltme modeli anlamsızdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ekonomik Karmaşıklık
• Ekonomik Özgürlük
• Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırım
• Karadeniz Ekonomik İşbirliği Örgütü

The Connection Between Economic Complexity, Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Freedom: A Panel ARDL Approach for The Black Sea Economic Cooperation Organization (BSEC)

Öz

Geographically, the Black Sea Economic Cooperation Organization (BSEC) is of great strategic importance. Because the Black Sea is a crossing point between both Europe and Asia. Due to its geopolitical location, BSEC offers great opportunities in many aspects such as energy, trade volume, logistics, etc. This is important understanding the potential of BSEC countries. In the study, the connection between economic complexity (EC), foreign direct investment (FDI) and economic freedom (EF) and in 13 BSEC member countries was investigated. In this study, which covers the years 1998-2022, the existence of the long-run connection was analyzed through the PMG estimator, which is frequently used in the Panel ARDL method. The results reveal that EC and EF increase FDI in both short and long run. Accordingly results of error correction model, positive and significant connection was found in 10 BSEC member countries. In 3 countries, the error correction model is insignificant.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Economic Complexity
• Economic Freedom
• Foreign Direct Investment
• Black Sea Economic Cooperation Organization

Kaynakça

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