Havayolu İşletmelerinde İki Aşamalı Veri Zarflama Analizi İle Etkinlik Ölçümü

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, dünyanın çeşitli yerlerinde faaliyet gösteren ve farklı iş modelini uygulayan havayolu işletmelerinin operasyonel ve finansal açıdan etkinliklerinin karşılaştırılmasıdır. Bu doğrultuda geleneksel iş modelini uygulayan 19 ve düşük maliyetli iş modelini uygulayan 17 havayolu işletmesinin 2013-2018 dönemine ait etkinlik ölçümü iki aşamalı veri zarflama analizi tekniği ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda, operasyonel açıdan geleneksel iş modelini uygulayan havayolu işletmelerinin daha etkin olduğu, finansal açıdan ise düşük maliyetli iş modelini uygulayan havayolu işletmelerinin daha etkin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte her iki grup açısından da operasyonel etkinlik değerlerinin finansal etkinlik değerlerine göre daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Operasyonel açıdan etkinlik ölçümü sonucunda geleneksel havayolu işletmeleri içerisinde 5 havayolu işletmesinin, düşük maliyetli havayolu işletmeleri içerisinde ise 4 havayolu işletmesinin tüm dönem boyunca etkin çıktığı tespit edilmiştir. Finansal açıdan ise tüm dönem boyunca etkin olan hiçbir işletmeye rastlanmamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Etkinlik
• Verimlilik
• İki Aşamalı Veri Zarflama Analizi
• Düşük Maliyetli Havayolu İşletmeleri
• Geleneksel Havayolu İşletmeleri

Measurement of Efficiency with Two-Stage Data Envelopment Analysis in Airline Companies

Öz

The purpose of this study is to compare the operational and financial efficiency of airline companies operating in various parts of the world and applying different business models. Accordingly, the efficiency measurement of 19 airline companies applying the traditional business model and 17 airline companies implementing the low-cost business model for the 2013-2018 period was performed with a two-stage data envelopment analysis technique. As a result of the research, it has been determined that airline companies applying the traditional business model are more efficient in terms of operation, and that airline companies applying the low-cost business model are more effective financially. However, it was observed that the operational efficiency values for both groups were higher than the financial efficiency values. As a result of the operational efficiency measurement, it was determined that 5 airline companies among traditional airline companies and 4 airline companies among low-cost airline companies were effective throughout the entire period. In financial terms, no companies were encountered that was active during the entire period.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Efficiency
• Productivity
• Two-Step Data Envelopment Analysis
• Low Cost Airline Companies
• Traditional Airline Companies

Kaynakça

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