The Macro Economic Drivers of Non-Performing Loans (NPL): Evidence from Selected Countries with Heterogeneous Panel Analysis

Öz

NPL could be treated as a critical issue in the financial systems of countries of which have bank-based infrastructures since NPL restrict the credit providing capacity of banks. Hence, necessary financing sources for economic growth and development could not be provided. In this context, the study aims to research the drivers of NPL in selected 23 countries. 4 independent drivers and yearly data between 2006 and 2018 are analyzed by using heterogeneous panel analysis. The empirical findings reveal that (i) credits, gross domestic products (GDP), and savings have statistically significant negative effect whereas foreign exchange rates (FER) have a statistically insignificant positive effect on NPL for the overall panel; (ii) 1% increase in credits reduces NPL by approximately 2%; (iii); FER have statistically significant effects in some countries at the country base; (iv) negative coefficients for credits, savings, and GDP are consistent in both overall panel and country base.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Non-Performing Loans
• NPL-Drivers
• Heterogeneous Panel

Takipteki Kredilerin Makroekonomik Belirleyicileri: Heterojen Panel Analizi Ile Seçilmiş Ülkelerden Elde Edilen Kanıtlar

Öz

Takipteki Krediler (NPL), bankaların kredi sağlama kapasitesini kısıtladığından, banka tabanlı altyapısı olan ülkelerin finansal sistemlerinde kritik bir konu olarak ele alınabilmektedir. Dolayısıyla bu durum ekonomik büyüme ve kalkınma için gerekli finansman kaynakları sağlanamamasına neden olmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, çalışma seçilmiş 23 ülkede NPL’nin belirleyicilerini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. 4 bağımsız belirleyici 2006-2018 arasındaki yıllık verileri ile heterojen panel analizi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Ampirik bulgular, (i) krediler, gayri safi yurtiçi hasıla (GSYİH) ve tasarrufların istatistiksel olarak anlamlı negatif etkiye sahip olduğunu, buna karşılık döviz kurlarının (FER) NPL üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmayan pozitif bir etkiye sahip olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır; (ii) Kredilerdeki % 1'lik artış NPL’yi yaklaşık % 2 oranında azaltmakta; (iii); FER'in bazı ülkelerde ülke bazında istatistiksel olarak önemli etkileri vardır; (iv) krediler, tasarruflar ve GSYİH için negatif katsayılar hem genel panel hem de ülke bazında tutarlıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Takipteki Krediler
• Heterojen Panel Analiz
• NPL'nin Belirleyicileri

Kaynakça

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