Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

The Place and Importance of Kyrgyzstan in Turkish Foreign Policy from a Constructivist Perspective

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 797 - 817, 27.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.1255440

Öz

Türkiye and Kyrgyzstan are two Turkic states with close historical, linguistic and cultural ties. In addition, although both states are secular, their people mostly belong to the same religion, the religion of Islam. Türkiye sees Kyrgyzstan as its Atayurt (fatherland) and in this context, it is the first state to recognize the independence of Kyrgyzstan in 1991. Of course, bilateral relations are too complicated to be explained by ancestry, language, or religion alone. Because the two countries have been out of contact with each other for many years. The first contact was made with the collapse of the USSR. Since 1991, the two states have developed and continue to develop various political, economic, military and cultural relations. This study will present a holistic analysis by examining the relations of the two states from a constructivist perspective, that is, in an identity sense. The main purpose of the study is to identify the current state of bilateral relations and offer solutions on how to further develop them. In the study, current data were examined by a literature review conducted in Turkish, English and Kyrgyz. The current data in question were analyzed by combining them with a constructivist perspective.

Kaynakça

  • AA. (2018). TİKA supports Turkish education in Kyrgyzstan: https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/dunya/tikadan- kirgizistanda-turkce-egitimine-destek-/1168577, (Accessed on 7.1.2023)
  • AA. (2021). TTÖMER, who teaches Turkish of Türkiye, builds bridges between Kyrgyzstan and Türkiye: https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/egitim/turkiye-turkcesini-ogreten-ttomer-kirgizistan-ile-turkiye-arasinda- kopruler-kuruyor/2255715, (Accessed on 7.1.2023)
  • AA. (2022, 9 13). Kyrgyzstan Establishes Base for Bayraktar TB2 Purchased from Türkiye: https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/dunya/kirgizistan-turkiyeden-satin-aldigi-bayraktar-tb2-icin-us-kurdu/2683881, (Date of Access: 4.1.2023)
  • Adilbekova, K. (2022). FOREIGN POLICY AND IDENTITY: ANALYSIS OF KAZAKH FOREIGN POLICY FROM THE BUILDER'S PERSPECTIVE. Yalova University Institute of Graduate Education, PhD Thesis. Yalova.
  • Afridi, M. I. (2020). The New Great Game in Central Asia: The Conflicts, Interests and Strategies of Russia, China and the United States. Dialogue, 229 - 246.
  • Aggun, K. (2017). Türkiye-Kyrgyzstan Educational, Scientific and Cultural Relations. In C. Bujar, Kyrgyzstan: HistorySociety-Economy-Politics (pp. 427-435). Bishkek: Kyrgyzstan-Türkiye Manas University, BYR Publishing House.
  • Andican, A. (2013, May). Kyrgyzstan-Türkiye Relations from Independence to the Present and Thoughts on the Future. Institute of Strategic Thinking Symposium on the Future of Kyrgyzstan – Türkiye Relations. Bishkek.
  • Bacik, G. (1999). InM. K. Öke, the Central Asian Turkic Republics in the Transition Process (pp. 61-127). Bursa: Alfa Publications.
  • Balci, S., Alimbeköy, A., & Boobekova, K. (2017). Education in Kyrgyz from Past to Present. In C. Bujar, Kyrgyzstan: History-Society-Economy-Politics (pp. 531-556). Bishkek: Kyrgyzstan-Türkiye Manas University, BYR Publishing House.
  • Bilis, P. O., Bilis, A. E., & Sydygalieva, M. (2018). The Factor of Television Series in the Cultural Relations of Türkiye- Turkic Republics: The Case of Kyrgyzstan. MANAS Journal of Social Research, 7 (1), 403-425.
  • Bostancı, M. (2016). Türkiye-Kyrgyzstan Political Relations in the AK Party Period. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Türkiye-Kyrgyzstan Relations from Past to Present, (p. 193-202). Kastamonu.
  • Calis, S., & Metkin, K. (2021). Thesis on Constructivism and Turkish Foreign Policy: Theoretical Framework- Analytical Application. In T. Oğuzlu, & Y. Ongun, Current Problems in Turkish Foreign Policy (pp. 49-96). Ankara: Nobel Academic Publishing.
  • Canbas, F. (1999). Factors Affecting Democratization in the Turkic Republics. In M. K. Öke, The Central Asian Turkic Republics in the Transition Process (pp. 297-309). Bursa: Alfa Publications.
  • Cetin, S., & Sertkaya, B. (2011). Economic and Commercial Investigation of Relations between Kyrgyzstan and Türkiye. International Conference on Eurasian Beliefs, 61 – 67.
  • Chotaev, Z. (2017). Foreign Policy of Kyrgyzstan: Ongoing and Changing Trends. In C. Bujar, Kyrgyzstan: History- Society-Economy-Politics (pp. 319-376). Bishkek: Kyrgyzstan-Türkiye Manas University, BYR Publishing House.
  • Coldoshov, A. (2017). Internal Politics of Kyrgyzstan. C. Bujar in, Kyrgyzstan: History-Society-Economy-Politics (pp. 245-286) Bishkek: Kyrgyzstan-Türkiye Manas University, BYR Publishing House.
  • Daily Sabah. (2018 ) ). Erdoğan inaugurates the largest mosque in Central Asia in Kyrgyzstan: https://www.dailysabah.com/religion/2018/09/02/erdogan-inaugurates-central-asias-largest-mosque-in- kyrgyzstan, (Accessed on 7.1.2023)
  • Daily Sabah. (2021, 3 10). Türkiye to open the first Maarif school in Central Asia in Kyrgyzstan: https://www.dailysabah.com/politics/diplomacy/Türkiye-to-open-first-maarif-school-in-central-asia-in- kyrgyzstan, (Accessed on 7.1.2023)
  • Dilek, İ. (2019). Printing in the Literature of the Turkic World. Journal of Turkish World Language and Literature, issue 48, 28-82.
  • Dunya. (2013, 2 28). Military Aid to Kyrgyzstan: https://www.dunya.com/gundem/tsk039dan-kirgizistan039a- askeri-yardim-haberi-202772, (Accessed on 3.1.2023)
  • Eksi, M. (2017). Türkiye's Public Diplomacy to the Turkic World: New Tools and Mechanisms. Journal of Turkic World Studies/Journal of Turkic World Studies, 9-19.
  • Embassy of the Kyrgyz Republic in Ankara. (2019 ) ). Meeting with Hulusi Akar, Minister of Defense of the Republic of Türkiye: https://mfa.gov.kg/tr/dm/Krgz-Cumhuriyeti-Ankara-Bykelilii-/news/2535, (Accessed 3.1.2023)
  • Embassy of the Kyrgyz Republic in Ankara. (2022). https://mfa.gov.kg/tr/dm/Embassy-of-the-Kyrgyz- Republic-to-the-Republic-of-Türkiye/Menu---Foreign-/--uslugi/Political-collaboration/urkey, (Accessed on 3.1.2023)
  • Erdem, M. (2019). Memories of Kyrgyzstan. Ankara: Tulpars Publications.
  • Fitzpatrick, F. (2010). The Future of U.S. Public Diplomacy: An Uncertain Destiny. Leiden: Brill.
  • Giddens, A. (2005). Sociology. Ankara: Ayrac Publications.
  • Global Savunma. (2020 ) ). Türkiye – Kyrgyzstan Cooperation is Deepening: Here is the Joint Statement: https://www.globalsavunma.com.tr/turkiye-kirgizistan-isbirligi-derinlesiyor-iste-ortak-aciklama.html, (Accessed on 4.1.2023)
  • Gundem. (2022 ) ). TDT 2. Diaspora Forum: http://www.gundem.be/haberler/turkiye/turk-devletleri-teskilati- diaspora-kurumlari-ytb-ev-sahipliginde-toplaniyor/, (Accessed 7.1.2023)
  • Haas, P. (2004). When Does Power Listen to Truth? A Constructivist Approach to the Policy Process. European Journal of Public Policy, 569-592.
  • Haber 7. (2011). Atambayev: I could not sleep Brother Tayyip: https://www.haber7.com/siyaset/haber/701549- atambayev-uyku-tutmadi-tayyip-abi, (Accessed 4.1.2023)
  • Hovhannisyan, N. (2015). The Armenian genocide is confirmed by the International Scientific, Legal and Human Rights Society. A. Papazian in http://www.fundamentalarmenology./datas/ pdfs/ (pp. 121-166).
  • Hurriyet. (2022, 2 18). Military technical support from Türkiye to Kyrgyzstan: https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/dunya/turkiyeden-kirgizistana-askeri-teknik-destegi-42006523, (Accessed on 4.1.2023)
  • J.A. Fresque‐Baxter, & D. Armitage. (2012). Place Ideology and Climate Change Adaptation: A Synthesis and Framework for Understanding. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, 251-266.
  • Kabar. (2022 ) ). Establishment of OTS Investment Fund and Kyrgyzstan-Türkiye Development Fund discussed: http://en.kabar.kg/news/establishment-of-ots-investment-fund-and-kyrgyz-turkish- development-fund-talkused/, (Accessed 3.1.2023)
  • Kafkasyalı, S. (2012). Power and Mentality in Central Asia. S. Caucasian in Central Asia in regional and global politics (pp. 5-15). Turkestan: Khoja Ahmed Yassawi International Turkish-Kazakh University.
  • Karakuzu, T. (2020). Soft Power in Türkiye-Kyrgyzstan Relations: The Turkish Language. Electronic Journal of Political Science Research, January, Volume: 11 Issue: 1 p. 74-90.
  • Karpat, K. (1975). Turkish and Arab-Israeli Relations, Türkiye's Foreign Policy in the Transitional Period, 1950- 1974. Leiden as E. J. Brill.
  • Kaseinov , D. &. (2017). Local Governments in Kyrgyzstan. In C. Bujar, Kyrgyzstan: HistorySociety-Economy- Politics (pp. 225-242). Bishkek: Kyrgyzstan-Türkiye Manas University, BYR Publishing House.
  • Kula, M. A. (2022). DefenceTurk. Kyrgyzstan responds to Tajikistan's claim that it received Bayraktar TB2: https://www.defenceturk.net/kirgizistan-tacikistanin-bayraktar-tb2-aldigi-iddiasini-yanitladi, (Accessed 3.1.2023)
  • Kurnaz, I. (2016). Constructivist Insights. In P. R. Kauppi, The Theory of International Relations (pp. 277-321). Ankara: Nobel Academic Publishing.
  • Kuru, A. T. (1999). Türkiye's Central Asia Orientation: Policy Change After Nine Centuries. In M. K. Öke, The Turkic Republics of Central Asia in the Transition Process (pp. 128-151). Bursa: Alfa Publications.
  • MediaManas. (2021). Online Training in Cooperation with TRT and MEDIAMANAS: http://mediamanas.kg/3621- trt-ve-mediamanas-birliiyle-evrimii-eitim.html, (Accessed on 8.1.2023)
  • Mehmet Yahya Cicekli. (2022). Institute for Strategic Thinking: https://www.sde.org.tr/turkpa-11-genel-kurulu- turk-dili-konusan-degil-turkuz-bolgesel-analiz-352, (Accessed on 7.1.2023)
  • Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (2020). Kyrgyz Republic, Embassy of the Republic in Ankara: https://mfa.gov.kg/tr/dm/Embassy-of-the-Kyrgyz-Republic-to-the-Republic-of-Türkiye/Menu---Foreign-/- -uslugi/Legal-base/egal-base-5c21c3b3c5122, (Accessed on 3.1.2023)
  • Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (2021, March 10). Visit of Foreign Minister Mevlüt Çavuşoğlu to the Republic of Kyrgyzstan: https://www.mfa.gov.tr/sayin-bakanimizin-kirgizistan-i-ziyareti-10-3-2021.tr.mfa, (Accessed on 3.1.2023)
  • Murzaraimov, B., & Peasant, M. (2021). Türkiye's Contributions to Religious Education in Kyrgyzstan. MANAS Journal of Social Research, 10 (1), 742-756.
  • Nye, J. (2005). Soft Power. Ankara: Ellipse Book.
  • Onuf, N. G. (2012). World of Our Making: Rules and Rule in Social Theory and International Relations. Oxfordshire: Routledge.
  • ORASAM. (2021 ) ). ПЕРВУЮ ШКОЛУ В КЫРГЫЗСТАНЕ ТУРЕЦКИЙ ФОНД «МААРИФ» ОТКРОЕТ В БИШКЕКЕ: https://orasam.manas.edu.kg/index.php/ru/kirgizistan-ru/4051-pervuyu-shkolu-v-kyrgyzstane-turetskij- fond-maarif-otkr oet-v-bishkeke, (Accessed on 11.1.2023)
  • Pay, S. (2008). Some Determinations and Evaluations on the Faculty of Theology and Its Students. T.C. Uludağ University Journal of Divinity Faculty, 17 (1), 109-156.
  • Phillips, A. B. (2007). Constructivism. In Twenty-First Century International Relations Theory.
  • R. Abdiyeva, J. Ganiyev, & D. Baygonusova. (2017). General Situation of the Economy of Kyrgyzstan. In C. Bujar, Kyrgyzstan: History-Society-Economy-Politics (pp. 157-175). Bishkek: Kyrgyzstan-Türkiye Manas University, BYR Publishing House.
  • Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (2020). Retrieved from https://www.mfa.gov.tr/turkiye- kirgizistan-cumhuriyeti-siyasi-iliskileri.tr.mfa, (Accessed on 3.1.2023)
  • Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Commerce. (2020 ) ). https://ticaret.gov.tr/yurtdisi-teskilati/orta- asya/kirgizistan/ikili-anlasmalar/iki-ulke-arasinda-ticaretin-altyapisini-olusturan-anlasma-ve-protokoller, (Accessed on 5.1.2023)
  • Savunmasanayiidergilik. (2022 ) ). Road Map for Military and Military-Technical Cooperation between Türkiye and Kyrgyzstan: https://www.savunmasanayiidergilik.com/tr/HaberDergilik/Turkiye-ile-Kirgizistan- arasinda-Askeri-ve-Askeri-Teknik-isbirligine-Yonelik-Yol-Haritasi-signed, (Accessed on 5.1.2023)
  • Savunmasanayist. (2022 ) ). TB2 Bayraktar UAV was sold to Tajikistan: https://www.savunmasanayist.com/tacikistana-bayraktar-tb2-siha-satisi-gercekleleştidi/, (Accessed on 5.1.2023)
  • Say, B., & Joldoshov, A. (2022). Turkish Cooperation and Coordination Agency (TIKA) Public Diplomacy Activity Areas in Kyrgyzstan. Ahi Evran Academy (AEA), 3 (1), 1-18.
  • Smith, S. (2001). Foreign Policy is What States Do About It: Social Construction and the Theory of International Relations. Foreign Policy in a Constructed World, 1 (2), 38-55.
  • Sahin, G., & Argali, M. (2022). The Geopolitical Reality of Turkish Foreign Policy in the Context of Regional Leadership: The Turkic World. Journal of Security Strategies, TDT Special Issue, 5-37.
  • Tacibayev, R. (2012). Russia's policies towards Central Asia have changed according to the periods. S. Caucasian in Central Asia in regional and global politics (pp. 169-209). Turkestan: Khoja Ahmed Yassawi International Turkish-Kazakh University.
  • T.C. CSGB. (2018 ) ). 12 Cooperation Agreements Signed between Türkiye and Kyrgyzstan: https://www.csgb.gov.tr/haberler/turkiye-ile-kirgizistan-arasinda-12-isbirligi-anlasmasi-signed/, (Accessed on 4.1.2023)
  • TIKA. (2022). TİKA Annual Report. Ankara: Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Culture and Tourism Turkish Cooperation and Coordination Agency 2021 Annual Administration Activity Report.
  • Tongut, S., & Yavuz, C. (2014). Turkish Media in Relations with Kyrgyzstan After the Collapse of the Soviet Union: TRT-Eurasia, TRT-Türk and TRT-Avaz. Manas Journal of Social Research, 3 (3), 133-145.
  • T.R. Directorate of Communication. About Us: https://www.iletisim.gov.tr/turkce/ kurum-hakkinda, (Accessed on 6.1.2023)
  • T.R. Directorate of Communication. (2021 ) ). Director of Communications Altun met with the Minister of Culture, Information, Sports and Youth Policy of Kyrgyzstan Imanaliyev: https://www.iletisim.gov.tr/turkce/haberler/detay/iletisim-baskani-altun-kirgizistan-kultur-enformasyon- spor-ve-genclik-politikasi-bakani-imanaliyev-ile-gorustu, (Accessed on 7.1.2023)
  • TRT Avaz. (2017). On the Roads of Kyrgyzstan: https://www.trtavaz.com.tr/program/kirgizistan- yollarinda/32788, (Accessed on 7.1.2023)
  • TRT News. (2020). Kyrgyz Students Who Received Türkiye Scholarships from YTB Introduced Their Cuisine: https://www.trthaber.com/haber/guncel/ytbden-turkiye-burslari-alan-kirgiz-ogrenciler-mutfaklarini- tanitti-457508.html, (Accessed on 8.1.2023)
  • TRT News. (2021, 10 6). Industry and Technology Agreement between Türkiye and Kyrgyzstan: https://www.trthaber.com/haber/gundem/turkiye-ile-kirgizistan-arasinda-sanayi-ve-teknoloji-anlasmasi- 614832.html, (Date of Access: 7.1.2023)
  • Turkic States. (2014, 11 15). Organization of Turkic States: https://turkicstates.org/tr/haberler/iv-turk-dili- konusan-ulkeler-ve-topluluklar-medya-forumu_241, (Date of Access: 5.1.2023)
  • Turkish Diyanet Foundation. (2022). Imam Serahsi Tomb: https://tdv.org/tr-TR/proje/imam-serahsi-turbesi/, (Accessed 8.1.2023)
  • Turkiye Newspaper. (2016). Impudent 'Coup' comment by the President of Kyrgyzstan : https://www.turkiyegazetesi.com.tr/gundem/kirgizistan-cumhurbaskanindan-kustah-darbe-yorumu- 391162, (Accessed on 9.1.2023)
  • TURKPA. (2018 ) ). Activities: https://turk-pa.org/tr/content/about_turkpa/faaliyetler, (Accessed on 6.1.2023)
  • TURKSOY. (2022). History: https://www.turksoy.org/tarihce, (Accessed on 6.1.2023)
  • Unal, U. (2016). The Effects of Public Diplomacy on the Country's Image as International Strategic Communication Management [Through Türkiye's Public Diplomacy and Perception in Kyrgyzstan]. Istanbul: Istanbul Commerce University Institute of Social Sciences.
  • Wendt, A. (1994). Collective Identity Formation and the International State. American Political Science Review, 384-396.
  • Wendt, A. (1999). Social Theory of International Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Yaldiz, A. Ç., & Yaldız, F. (2020, June issue 2 vol. 53). New Institutions and Foreign Policy in Turkish Public Administration: New Institutionalism in Turkish Kyrgyzstan Relations. Journal of Public Administration, pp. 75- 97.
  • Yazar, F. (2020, 9). Criteria. The Institutionalization of Türkiye's Public Diplomacy: https://kriterdergi.com/medya-kritik/turkiyede-kamu-diplomasisinin-kurumsallasmasi, (Accessed on 6.1.2023)
  • YTB. Brother Communities: https://ytb.gov.tr/daireler/kardes-topluluklar, (Accessed on 8.1.2023)

İnşacı Perspektiften Türk Dış Politikası’nda Kırgızistan’ın Yeri ve Önemi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 797 - 817, 27.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.1255440

Öz

Türkiye ve Kırgızistan tarihsel, dilsel ve kültürel olarak sıkı bağları bulunan iki Türk devletidir. Ayrıca her iki devlet laik yapıda bulunmakla birlikte halkları çoğunlukla aynı dine, İslamiyet dinine mensuptur. Türkiye, Kırgızistan’ı Atayurt olarak görmekte ve bu bağlamda 1991 yılında Kırgızistan’ın bağımsızlığını tanıyan ilk devlet olma özelliği göstermektedir. Tabii ki ikili ilişkiler yalnızca soy, dil, din bağıyla açıklanamayacak kadar komplikedir. Zira iki ülke birbiriyle uzun yıllar temassız kalmışlardır. İlk temas SSCB’nin yıkılmasıyla gerçekleşmiştir. 1991 yılından günümüze kadar iki devlet çeşitli siyasi, ekonomik, askeri ve kültürel ilişkiler geliştirmiş ve geliştirmeye devam etmektedir. Bu çalışma, iki devletin ilişkilerini inşacı perspektife göre yani kimliksel anlamda inceleyerek ortaya bütüncül bir analiz koyacaktır. Çalışmanın esas amacı ikili ilişkilerin mevcut durumunu tespit ederek nasıl daha da geliştirileceğine dair çözümler sunmaktır. Çalışmada Türkçe, İngilizce ve Kırgızca literatür taraması yapılarak güncel veriler incelenmiştir. Söz konusu güncel veriler, inşacı perspektifle birleştirilerek analiz edilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • AA. (2018). TİKA supports Turkish education in Kyrgyzstan: https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/dunya/tikadan- kirgizistanda-turkce-egitimine-destek-/1168577, (Accessed on 7.1.2023)
  • AA. (2021). TTÖMER, who teaches Turkish of Türkiye, builds bridges between Kyrgyzstan and Türkiye: https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/egitim/turkiye-turkcesini-ogreten-ttomer-kirgizistan-ile-turkiye-arasinda- kopruler-kuruyor/2255715, (Accessed on 7.1.2023)
  • AA. (2022, 9 13). Kyrgyzstan Establishes Base for Bayraktar TB2 Purchased from Türkiye: https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/dunya/kirgizistan-turkiyeden-satin-aldigi-bayraktar-tb2-icin-us-kurdu/2683881, (Date of Access: 4.1.2023)
  • Adilbekova, K. (2022). FOREIGN POLICY AND IDENTITY: ANALYSIS OF KAZAKH FOREIGN POLICY FROM THE BUILDER'S PERSPECTIVE. Yalova University Institute of Graduate Education, PhD Thesis. Yalova.
  • Afridi, M. I. (2020). The New Great Game in Central Asia: The Conflicts, Interests and Strategies of Russia, China and the United States. Dialogue, 229 - 246.
  • Aggun, K. (2017). Türkiye-Kyrgyzstan Educational, Scientific and Cultural Relations. In C. Bujar, Kyrgyzstan: HistorySociety-Economy-Politics (pp. 427-435). Bishkek: Kyrgyzstan-Türkiye Manas University, BYR Publishing House.
  • Andican, A. (2013, May). Kyrgyzstan-Türkiye Relations from Independence to the Present and Thoughts on the Future. Institute of Strategic Thinking Symposium on the Future of Kyrgyzstan – Türkiye Relations. Bishkek.
  • Bacik, G. (1999). InM. K. Öke, the Central Asian Turkic Republics in the Transition Process (pp. 61-127). Bursa: Alfa Publications.
  • Balci, S., Alimbeköy, A., & Boobekova, K. (2017). Education in Kyrgyz from Past to Present. In C. Bujar, Kyrgyzstan: History-Society-Economy-Politics (pp. 531-556). Bishkek: Kyrgyzstan-Türkiye Manas University, BYR Publishing House.
  • Bilis, P. O., Bilis, A. E., & Sydygalieva, M. (2018). The Factor of Television Series in the Cultural Relations of Türkiye- Turkic Republics: The Case of Kyrgyzstan. MANAS Journal of Social Research, 7 (1), 403-425.
  • Bostancı, M. (2016). Türkiye-Kyrgyzstan Political Relations in the AK Party Period. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Türkiye-Kyrgyzstan Relations from Past to Present, (p. 193-202). Kastamonu.
  • Calis, S., & Metkin, K. (2021). Thesis on Constructivism and Turkish Foreign Policy: Theoretical Framework- Analytical Application. In T. Oğuzlu, & Y. Ongun, Current Problems in Turkish Foreign Policy (pp. 49-96). Ankara: Nobel Academic Publishing.
  • Canbas, F. (1999). Factors Affecting Democratization in the Turkic Republics. In M. K. Öke, The Central Asian Turkic Republics in the Transition Process (pp. 297-309). Bursa: Alfa Publications.
  • Cetin, S., & Sertkaya, B. (2011). Economic and Commercial Investigation of Relations between Kyrgyzstan and Türkiye. International Conference on Eurasian Beliefs, 61 – 67.
  • Chotaev, Z. (2017). Foreign Policy of Kyrgyzstan: Ongoing and Changing Trends. In C. Bujar, Kyrgyzstan: History- Society-Economy-Politics (pp. 319-376). Bishkek: Kyrgyzstan-Türkiye Manas University, BYR Publishing House.
  • Coldoshov, A. (2017). Internal Politics of Kyrgyzstan. C. Bujar in, Kyrgyzstan: History-Society-Economy-Politics (pp. 245-286) Bishkek: Kyrgyzstan-Türkiye Manas University, BYR Publishing House.
  • Daily Sabah. (2018 ) ). Erdoğan inaugurates the largest mosque in Central Asia in Kyrgyzstan: https://www.dailysabah.com/religion/2018/09/02/erdogan-inaugurates-central-asias-largest-mosque-in- kyrgyzstan, (Accessed on 7.1.2023)
  • Daily Sabah. (2021, 3 10). Türkiye to open the first Maarif school in Central Asia in Kyrgyzstan: https://www.dailysabah.com/politics/diplomacy/Türkiye-to-open-first-maarif-school-in-central-asia-in- kyrgyzstan, (Accessed on 7.1.2023)
  • Dilek, İ. (2019). Printing in the Literature of the Turkic World. Journal of Turkish World Language and Literature, issue 48, 28-82.
  • Dunya. (2013, 2 28). Military Aid to Kyrgyzstan: https://www.dunya.com/gundem/tsk039dan-kirgizistan039a- askeri-yardim-haberi-202772, (Accessed on 3.1.2023)
  • Eksi, M. (2017). Türkiye's Public Diplomacy to the Turkic World: New Tools and Mechanisms. Journal of Turkic World Studies/Journal of Turkic World Studies, 9-19.
  • Embassy of the Kyrgyz Republic in Ankara. (2019 ) ). Meeting with Hulusi Akar, Minister of Defense of the Republic of Türkiye: https://mfa.gov.kg/tr/dm/Krgz-Cumhuriyeti-Ankara-Bykelilii-/news/2535, (Accessed 3.1.2023)
  • Embassy of the Kyrgyz Republic in Ankara. (2022). https://mfa.gov.kg/tr/dm/Embassy-of-the-Kyrgyz- Republic-to-the-Republic-of-Türkiye/Menu---Foreign-/--uslugi/Political-collaboration/urkey, (Accessed on 3.1.2023)
  • Erdem, M. (2019). Memories of Kyrgyzstan. Ankara: Tulpars Publications.
  • Fitzpatrick, F. (2010). The Future of U.S. Public Diplomacy: An Uncertain Destiny. Leiden: Brill.
  • Giddens, A. (2005). Sociology. Ankara: Ayrac Publications.
  • Global Savunma. (2020 ) ). Türkiye – Kyrgyzstan Cooperation is Deepening: Here is the Joint Statement: https://www.globalsavunma.com.tr/turkiye-kirgizistan-isbirligi-derinlesiyor-iste-ortak-aciklama.html, (Accessed on 4.1.2023)
  • Gundem. (2022 ) ). TDT 2. Diaspora Forum: http://www.gundem.be/haberler/turkiye/turk-devletleri-teskilati- diaspora-kurumlari-ytb-ev-sahipliginde-toplaniyor/, (Accessed 7.1.2023)
  • Haas, P. (2004). When Does Power Listen to Truth? A Constructivist Approach to the Policy Process. European Journal of Public Policy, 569-592.
  • Haber 7. (2011). Atambayev: I could not sleep Brother Tayyip: https://www.haber7.com/siyaset/haber/701549- atambayev-uyku-tutmadi-tayyip-abi, (Accessed 4.1.2023)
  • Hovhannisyan, N. (2015). The Armenian genocide is confirmed by the International Scientific, Legal and Human Rights Society. A. Papazian in http://www.fundamentalarmenology./datas/ pdfs/ (pp. 121-166).
  • Hurriyet. (2022, 2 18). Military technical support from Türkiye to Kyrgyzstan: https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/dunya/turkiyeden-kirgizistana-askeri-teknik-destegi-42006523, (Accessed on 4.1.2023)
  • J.A. Fresque‐Baxter, & D. Armitage. (2012). Place Ideology and Climate Change Adaptation: A Synthesis and Framework for Understanding. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, 251-266.
  • Kabar. (2022 ) ). Establishment of OTS Investment Fund and Kyrgyzstan-Türkiye Development Fund discussed: http://en.kabar.kg/news/establishment-of-ots-investment-fund-and-kyrgyz-turkish- development-fund-talkused/, (Accessed 3.1.2023)
  • Kafkasyalı, S. (2012). Power and Mentality in Central Asia. S. Caucasian in Central Asia in regional and global politics (pp. 5-15). Turkestan: Khoja Ahmed Yassawi International Turkish-Kazakh University.
  • Karakuzu, T. (2020). Soft Power in Türkiye-Kyrgyzstan Relations: The Turkish Language. Electronic Journal of Political Science Research, January, Volume: 11 Issue: 1 p. 74-90.
  • Karpat, K. (1975). Turkish and Arab-Israeli Relations, Türkiye's Foreign Policy in the Transitional Period, 1950- 1974. Leiden as E. J. Brill.
  • Kaseinov , D. &. (2017). Local Governments in Kyrgyzstan. In C. Bujar, Kyrgyzstan: HistorySociety-Economy- Politics (pp. 225-242). Bishkek: Kyrgyzstan-Türkiye Manas University, BYR Publishing House.
  • Kula, M. A. (2022). DefenceTurk. Kyrgyzstan responds to Tajikistan's claim that it received Bayraktar TB2: https://www.defenceturk.net/kirgizistan-tacikistanin-bayraktar-tb2-aldigi-iddiasini-yanitladi, (Accessed 3.1.2023)
  • Kurnaz, I. (2016). Constructivist Insights. In P. R. Kauppi, The Theory of International Relations (pp. 277-321). Ankara: Nobel Academic Publishing.
  • Kuru, A. T. (1999). Türkiye's Central Asia Orientation: Policy Change After Nine Centuries. In M. K. Öke, The Turkic Republics of Central Asia in the Transition Process (pp. 128-151). Bursa: Alfa Publications.
  • MediaManas. (2021). Online Training in Cooperation with TRT and MEDIAMANAS: http://mediamanas.kg/3621- trt-ve-mediamanas-birliiyle-evrimii-eitim.html, (Accessed on 8.1.2023)
  • Mehmet Yahya Cicekli. (2022). Institute for Strategic Thinking: https://www.sde.org.tr/turkpa-11-genel-kurulu- turk-dili-konusan-degil-turkuz-bolgesel-analiz-352, (Accessed on 7.1.2023)
  • Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (2020). Kyrgyz Republic, Embassy of the Republic in Ankara: https://mfa.gov.kg/tr/dm/Embassy-of-the-Kyrgyz-Republic-to-the-Republic-of-Türkiye/Menu---Foreign-/- -uslugi/Legal-base/egal-base-5c21c3b3c5122, (Accessed on 3.1.2023)
  • Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (2021, March 10). Visit of Foreign Minister Mevlüt Çavuşoğlu to the Republic of Kyrgyzstan: https://www.mfa.gov.tr/sayin-bakanimizin-kirgizistan-i-ziyareti-10-3-2021.tr.mfa, (Accessed on 3.1.2023)
  • Murzaraimov, B., & Peasant, M. (2021). Türkiye's Contributions to Religious Education in Kyrgyzstan. MANAS Journal of Social Research, 10 (1), 742-756.
  • Nye, J. (2005). Soft Power. Ankara: Ellipse Book.
  • Onuf, N. G. (2012). World of Our Making: Rules and Rule in Social Theory and International Relations. Oxfordshire: Routledge.
  • ORASAM. (2021 ) ). ПЕРВУЮ ШКОЛУ В КЫРГЫЗСТАНЕ ТУРЕЦКИЙ ФОНД «МААРИФ» ОТКРОЕТ В БИШКЕКЕ: https://orasam.manas.edu.kg/index.php/ru/kirgizistan-ru/4051-pervuyu-shkolu-v-kyrgyzstane-turetskij- fond-maarif-otkr oet-v-bishkeke, (Accessed on 11.1.2023)
  • Pay, S. (2008). Some Determinations and Evaluations on the Faculty of Theology and Its Students. T.C. Uludağ University Journal of Divinity Faculty, 17 (1), 109-156.
  • Phillips, A. B. (2007). Constructivism. In Twenty-First Century International Relations Theory.
  • R. Abdiyeva, J. Ganiyev, & D. Baygonusova. (2017). General Situation of the Economy of Kyrgyzstan. In C. Bujar, Kyrgyzstan: History-Society-Economy-Politics (pp. 157-175). Bishkek: Kyrgyzstan-Türkiye Manas University, BYR Publishing House.
  • Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (2020). Retrieved from https://www.mfa.gov.tr/turkiye- kirgizistan-cumhuriyeti-siyasi-iliskileri.tr.mfa, (Accessed on 3.1.2023)
  • Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Commerce. (2020 ) ). https://ticaret.gov.tr/yurtdisi-teskilati/orta- asya/kirgizistan/ikili-anlasmalar/iki-ulke-arasinda-ticaretin-altyapisini-olusturan-anlasma-ve-protokoller, (Accessed on 5.1.2023)
  • Savunmasanayiidergilik. (2022 ) ). Road Map for Military and Military-Technical Cooperation between Türkiye and Kyrgyzstan: https://www.savunmasanayiidergilik.com/tr/HaberDergilik/Turkiye-ile-Kirgizistan- arasinda-Askeri-ve-Askeri-Teknik-isbirligine-Yonelik-Yol-Haritasi-signed, (Accessed on 5.1.2023)
  • Savunmasanayist. (2022 ) ). TB2 Bayraktar UAV was sold to Tajikistan: https://www.savunmasanayist.com/tacikistana-bayraktar-tb2-siha-satisi-gercekleleştidi/, (Accessed on 5.1.2023)
  • Say, B., & Joldoshov, A. (2022). Turkish Cooperation and Coordination Agency (TIKA) Public Diplomacy Activity Areas in Kyrgyzstan. Ahi Evran Academy (AEA), 3 (1), 1-18.
  • Smith, S. (2001). Foreign Policy is What States Do About It: Social Construction and the Theory of International Relations. Foreign Policy in a Constructed World, 1 (2), 38-55.
  • Sahin, G., & Argali, M. (2022). The Geopolitical Reality of Turkish Foreign Policy in the Context of Regional Leadership: The Turkic World. Journal of Security Strategies, TDT Special Issue, 5-37.
  • Tacibayev, R. (2012). Russia's policies towards Central Asia have changed according to the periods. S. Caucasian in Central Asia in regional and global politics (pp. 169-209). Turkestan: Khoja Ahmed Yassawi International Turkish-Kazakh University.
  • T.C. CSGB. (2018 ) ). 12 Cooperation Agreements Signed between Türkiye and Kyrgyzstan: https://www.csgb.gov.tr/haberler/turkiye-ile-kirgizistan-arasinda-12-isbirligi-anlasmasi-signed/, (Accessed on 4.1.2023)
  • TIKA. (2022). TİKA Annual Report. Ankara: Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Culture and Tourism Turkish Cooperation and Coordination Agency 2021 Annual Administration Activity Report.
  • Tongut, S., & Yavuz, C. (2014). Turkish Media in Relations with Kyrgyzstan After the Collapse of the Soviet Union: TRT-Eurasia, TRT-Türk and TRT-Avaz. Manas Journal of Social Research, 3 (3), 133-145.
  • T.R. Directorate of Communication. About Us: https://www.iletisim.gov.tr/turkce/ kurum-hakkinda, (Accessed on 6.1.2023)
  • T.R. Directorate of Communication. (2021 ) ). Director of Communications Altun met with the Minister of Culture, Information, Sports and Youth Policy of Kyrgyzstan Imanaliyev: https://www.iletisim.gov.tr/turkce/haberler/detay/iletisim-baskani-altun-kirgizistan-kultur-enformasyon- spor-ve-genclik-politikasi-bakani-imanaliyev-ile-gorustu, (Accessed on 7.1.2023)
  • TRT Avaz. (2017). On the Roads of Kyrgyzstan: https://www.trtavaz.com.tr/program/kirgizistan- yollarinda/32788, (Accessed on 7.1.2023)
  • TRT News. (2020). Kyrgyz Students Who Received Türkiye Scholarships from YTB Introduced Their Cuisine: https://www.trthaber.com/haber/guncel/ytbden-turkiye-burslari-alan-kirgiz-ogrenciler-mutfaklarini- tanitti-457508.html, (Accessed on 8.1.2023)
  • TRT News. (2021, 10 6). Industry and Technology Agreement between Türkiye and Kyrgyzstan: https://www.trthaber.com/haber/gundem/turkiye-ile-kirgizistan-arasinda-sanayi-ve-teknoloji-anlasmasi- 614832.html, (Date of Access: 7.1.2023)
  • Turkic States. (2014, 11 15). Organization of Turkic States: https://turkicstates.org/tr/haberler/iv-turk-dili- konusan-ulkeler-ve-topluluklar-medya-forumu_241, (Date of Access: 5.1.2023)
  • Turkish Diyanet Foundation. (2022). Imam Serahsi Tomb: https://tdv.org/tr-TR/proje/imam-serahsi-turbesi/, (Accessed 8.1.2023)
  • Turkiye Newspaper. (2016). Impudent 'Coup' comment by the President of Kyrgyzstan : https://www.turkiyegazetesi.com.tr/gundem/kirgizistan-cumhurbaskanindan-kustah-darbe-yorumu- 391162, (Accessed on 9.1.2023)
  • TURKPA. (2018 ) ). Activities: https://turk-pa.org/tr/content/about_turkpa/faaliyetler, (Accessed on 6.1.2023)
  • TURKSOY. (2022). History: https://www.turksoy.org/tarihce, (Accessed on 6.1.2023)
  • Unal, U. (2016). The Effects of Public Diplomacy on the Country's Image as International Strategic Communication Management [Through Türkiye's Public Diplomacy and Perception in Kyrgyzstan]. Istanbul: Istanbul Commerce University Institute of Social Sciences.
  • Wendt, A. (1994). Collective Identity Formation and the International State. American Political Science Review, 384-396.
  • Wendt, A. (1999). Social Theory of International Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Yaldiz, A. Ç., & Yaldız, F. (2020, June issue 2 vol. 53). New Institutions and Foreign Policy in Turkish Public Administration: New Institutionalism in Turkish Kyrgyzstan Relations. Journal of Public Administration, pp. 75- 97.
  • Yazar, F. (2020, 9). Criteria. The Institutionalization of Türkiye's Public Diplomacy: https://kriterdergi.com/medya-kritik/turkiyede-kamu-diplomasisinin-kurumsallasmasi, (Accessed on 6.1.2023)
  • YTB. Brother Communities: https://ytb.gov.tr/daireler/kardes-topluluklar, (Accessed on 8.1.2023)
Toplam 79 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Medihanur Argalı 0000-0003-0777-7077

Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Nisan 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 23 Şubat 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Argalı, M. (2023). The Place and Importance of Kyrgyzstan in Turkish Foreign Policy from a Constructivist Perspective. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 12(2), 797-817. https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.1255440
AMA Argalı M. The Place and Importance of Kyrgyzstan in Turkish Foreign Policy from a Constructivist Perspective. MJSS. Nisan 2023;12(2):797-817. doi:10.33206/mjss.1255440
Chicago Argalı, Medihanur. “The Place and Importance of Kyrgyzstan in Turkish Foreign Policy from a Constructivist Perspective”. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 12, sy. 2 (Nisan 2023): 797-817. https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.1255440.
EndNote Argalı M (01 Nisan 2023) The Place and Importance of Kyrgyzstan in Turkish Foreign Policy from a Constructivist Perspective. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 12 2 797–817.
IEEE M. Argalı, “The Place and Importance of Kyrgyzstan in Turkish Foreign Policy from a Constructivist Perspective”, MJSS, c. 12, sy. 2, ss. 797–817, 2023, doi: 10.33206/mjss.1255440.
ISNAD Argalı, Medihanur. “The Place and Importance of Kyrgyzstan in Turkish Foreign Policy from a Constructivist Perspective”. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 12/2 (Nisan 2023), 797-817. https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.1255440.
JAMA Argalı M. The Place and Importance of Kyrgyzstan in Turkish Foreign Policy from a Constructivist Perspective. MJSS. 2023;12:797–817.
MLA Argalı, Medihanur. “The Place and Importance of Kyrgyzstan in Turkish Foreign Policy from a Constructivist Perspective”. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, c. 12, sy. 2, 2023, ss. 797-1, doi:10.33206/mjss.1255440.
Vancouver Argalı M. The Place and Importance of Kyrgyzstan in Turkish Foreign Policy from a Constructivist Perspective. MJSS. 2023;12(2):797-81.

MANAS Journal of Social Studies (MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi)     


16155