Üçüncü Basamak Bir Hastanenin İki Farklı Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Gelişen Ventilatör İlişkili Pnömonili Hastaların Karşılaştırılması

Öz

Amaç: Amacımız üçüncü basamak bir hastanede iki farklı yoğun bakım ünitesi (YBÜ)’nde gelişen ventilatör ilişkili pnömoni (VİP) hastalarının özelliklerini ve 30 günlük mortalitelerini karşılaştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Hastanemizin iki farklı YBÜ’nde iki yıllık süreçte VİP gelişen 18 yaş üstü hastalar çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastaların Akut Fizyoloji ve Kronik Sağlık Değerlendirmesi II (APACHE II), Sepsis İlişkili Organ Yetmezliği Değerlendirmesi (SOFA), Glasgow Koma Skoru (GKS), Klinik Pulmoner Enfeksiyon Skoru (KPES) ve enfeksiyon belirteçleri ve 30 günlük mortaliteleri değerlendirildi. Grup 1 ve Grup 2’nin fiziksel koşulları, YBÜ’deki el hijyen oranları, hemşire eğitim düzeyi ve yoğun bakım ünitelerinin hasta yatış hızı karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Grup 1’de 48 ve Grup 2’de 56 hasta olmak üzere toplam 104 hastaya analiz yapıldı. İki grup arasında yatış günü, tanı aldığı gün, tanı aldıktan 3, 7 ve 30 gün sonra GKS, SOFA ve KPES skorları açısından anlamlı fark saptanmadı. Her 2 grupta da en çok Acinetobacter baumanni etkeni tespit edildi. Hasta yatış hızı Grup 2’de anlamlı yüksek saptandı. 30 günlük mortalite Grup 1’de %45.8 ve Grup 2’de %48.2 olarak saptandı. SOFA ortalama skorundaki 1 birimlik artışın 30 günlük mortalite riskini 2.214 kat arttırdığı, yatış süresindeki artışın 30 günlük mortalite riskini azalttığı saptandı (OR=0.891). Grup 2’de yaş oranının 1 birimlik artışı 30 günlük mortalite riskini 1.085 kat arttırdığı, tüm hastalarda ve Grup 1’de SOFA ortalama skorundaki artışın yatış süresini azalttığı saptandı. Sonuç: VİP tanısı alan hastalarda 30 günlük mortaliteyi %47.1 olarak saptadık. SOFA skorundaki artış 30 günlük mortalite riskini arttırırken yatış süresindeki uzama mortalite riskini azaltmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yoğun Bakım
• Mortalite
• Ventilatör İlişkili Pnömoni

Comparison of Patients with Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Developed in Two Different Intensive Care Units of a Tertiary Hospital

Öz

Aim: Our purpose is to compare the characteristics and 30-day mortality of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) patients that developed in two different intensive care units (ICUs) in a tertiary hospital. Material and Methods: Patients who were over the age of 18 who developed VAP in two different ICUs of our hospital over two years were included in the study. Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Assessment II (APACHE II), Sepsis-Related Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), Glasgow Coma Score (GCS), Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS), infection markers, and 30-day mortality of the patients were evaluated. Physical conditions of Group 1 and Group 2, hand hygiene rates in ICU, nurse education level, and hospitalization rate in intensive care units were compared. Results: A total of 104 patients, 48 being in Group 1 and 56 being in Group 2, were analyzed. There was no significant difference between the two groups with regards of GKS, SOFA and CPIS scores. Acinetobacter baumanni was the most common agent in both groups. The hospitalization rate was found to be significantly higher in Group 2. 30-day mortality was 45.8% in Group 1 and 48.2% in Group 2. It was found that a one unit increase in the SOFA hospitalization period reduced the risk of 30-day mortality. It was determined that a one unit increase in the age ratio in Group 2 increased the risk of 30-day mortality 1.085 times, and the increase in the mean SOFA score in all patients and Group 1 decreased the length of the hospitalization period. Conclusion: We found a 30-day mortality rate of 47.1% in patients diagnosed with VAP. An increase in SOFA score increases the risk of 30-day mortality, while a prolonged hospitalization period decreases the risk of mortality.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Intensive Care Unit
• Mortality
• Ventilator-associated pneumonia

Kaynakça

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