Erken evre mikozis fungoides hastalarında klinik-demografik özellikler ve kardiyovasküler riskle ilişkili komorbiditelerin değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Amaç: Mikozis fungoides (MF), en sık görülen kutanöz T hücreli lenfoma olup genellikle kronik ve yavaş seyirli bir hastalıktır. MF patogenezinde rol oynayan kronik inflamasyonun, kardiyovasküler ve metabolik komorbiditelerin gelişimine katkıda bulunabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, erken evre MF hastalarının klinik-demografik özellikleri ile kardiyovasküler riskle ilişkili komorbiditelerini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif çalışmaya, 2020–2024 yılları arasında izlenen ve ISCL/EORTC sınıflamasına göre erken evre (evre 1A, 1B ve 2A) MF tanısı almış 62 hasta dahil edildi. Klinik ve demografik veriler analiz edildi. Metabolik ve laboratuvar parametreler, verilerine eksiksiz ulaşılan 25 hastada alt grup analizi olarak değerlendirildi ve yaş ile cinsiyet açısından benzer özelliklere sahip 25 kişilik kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Hastaların %59,7’si erkekti. Ortanca yaş 53,5 yıl, ortanca tanı yaşı ise 51 yıl olarak saptandı. Hastaların %48,4’ü evre 1A, %35,5’i evre 1B ve %16,1’i evre 2A idi. En sık eşlik eden komorbiditeler hipertansiyon (%46,8), diyabetes mellitus (%33,9), dislipidemi (%32,3) ve koroner arter hastalığı (%25,8) olarak belirlendi. Alt grup analizinde, ortanca açlık kan şekeri düzeyi MF grubunda kontrol grubuna kıyasla anlamlı derecede yüksek bulundu (107 mg/dL’ye karşı 98 mg/dL; p = 0,009). Vücut kitle indeksi ve lipid parametreleri açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı fark saptanmadı. Sonuç: Erken evre MF hastalarında kardiyovasküler riskle ilişkili komorbiditeler sık görülmektedir. Diyabetes mellitus prevalansı benzer olmasına rağmen açlık kan şekeri düzeylerinin yüksek bulunması, erken metabolik disfonksiyona işaret edebilir. Bu hasta grubunun metabolik açıdan dikkatle izlenmesi uygun olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mikozis fungoides
• kardiyovasküler risk
• komorbidite
• metabolik parametreler
• kutanöz T hücreli lenfoma

Destekleyen Kurum

Yok

Etik Beyan

Çalışma, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit Üniversitesi Girişimsel Olmayan Klinik Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu tarafından onaylanmıştır (tarih: 09.04.2025, sayı: 2025/07).

Teşekkür

Yok

Evaluation of clinical-demographic characteristics and cardiovascular risk–related comorbidities in patients with early-stage mycosis fungoides

Öz

Aim: Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and usually follows a chronic, indolent course. Chronic inflammation involved in MF pathogenesis may contribute to the development of cardiovascular and metabolic comorbidities. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and demographic characteristics and cardiovascular risk–related comorbidities in patients with early-stage MF. Material and Methods: This retrospective study included 62 patients diagnosed with early-stage MF (stages 1A, 1B, and 2A according to the ISCL/EORTC classification) and followed between 2020 and 2024. Clinical and demographic data were analyzed. Metabolic and laboratory parameters were evaluated in a subgroup of 25 patients with complete data and compared with an age- and sex-matched control group of 25 individuals. Results: Among the patients, 59.7% were male. The median age was 53.5 years, and the median age at diagnosis was 51 years. According to disease stage, 48.4% of patients were classified as stage 1A, 35.5% as stage 1B, and 16.1% as stage 2A. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (46.8%), diabetes mellitus (33.9%), dyslipidemia (32.3%), and coronary artery disease (25.8%). In the subgroup analysis, median fasting blood glucose levels were significantly higher in the MF group compared with controls (107 mg/dL vs. 98 mg/dL; p = 0.009). No significant differences were observed between the groups regarding body mass index or lipid parameters. Conclusion: Cardiovascular risk–related comorbidities are frequent in patients with early-stage MF. Elevated fasting blood glucose levels, despite similar diabetes prevalence, may indicate early metabolic dysregulation. Careful metabolic monitoring of this patient population may therefore be warranted.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mycosis fungoides
• cardiovascular risk
• comorbidity
• metabolic parameters
• cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

Destekleyen Kurum

None

Etik Beyan

The study was approved by the Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee (date: 09.04.2025, approval number: 2025/07).

Teşekkür

None

Kaynakça

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