Öz
In antiquity, Antioch was one of the most important civilization center in the Levant and also the Christianity was formed at that place for the first time. Before the Christianity, the beliefs pervaded in Antioch which were Paganism and Judaism. At that time the city was on the route from Anatolia to Middle East and also the region’s belief center (Paganism) in Daphne (Harbiye).The Prophet Jesus passed away in 33 A.D. thereafter between 35 and 45 A.D. the apostles Paul, Barnabas and Peter made a missionary journey to the city to encourage and strengthens the Christianity. With their efforts, a Christian community was established in Antioch and its converts were the first to be called the Christianity. As a result of the missionary services done by these saints they could congregate a mass which converted from Paganism to the Christianity. At that time Antioch was cultural, commercial and religious center of the Eastern Roman World. Thus, formed Christianity spreaded from Antioch to the Roman World rapidly. Antioch is al-qarya or the city mentioned in Qur’an Yasin Sura: 13-29. In Qur’an, Yasin Sura there was a Habib al-Najjar anecdote, which two apostles (rusul) were sent to the city, assisted by the third who was sent to assist for two apostles. However, at the end of Habib al-Najjar anecdote it was narrated that the man came from outskirt and called to monotheism his people. The inhabitants didn’t accept the new creed and admonished him to follow the apostles. Therefore he was killed and divine punishment was inflicted on the city. Otherwise, Habib al-Najjar anecdote in Qur’an was similar to the bible narrating how the apostles could form the Christianity in Antioch. The shared similarities were considered on a prefential basis in the article.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Akşit, Oktay (1985). Roma İmparatorluğu Tarihi. İstanbul: İstanbul Üniv. Yay.
- Bakır, Abdulhalik (2010). Yakut El-Hamevi'nin Antakya Şehri ile ilgili Naklettiği Bilgilerin Değerlendirilmesi, Fırat Üniversitesi Orta Doğu Araştırmaları Dergis, 7 (1).
- Bihlmeyeri K. Tuchle (1972). H., I. ve IV. Yüzyıllarda Hristiyanlık. (Çev. A. Gürol). İstanbul.
- Burkitt, Francis Crowford (1904). Early Eastern Christianity; St. Margaret's lectures on the Syriac-Speaking Church. London: John Murray.
- Busse, Heribert (2000). Antioch and Its Prophet Habib al-Najjar. Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam, 24: 155-179.
- Çelik, Mehmet (1987). Süryani Kilisesi Tarihi. I. Cilt İstanbul: Yaylacık Matbaası.
- Corvin, Virginia (1960). St. Ignatus and Christianity in Antioch, Yale Univ. Press.
- Downey, Glanville, (1961). A History of Antioch in Syria from Selecus to the Arap Conquest. New Jersey: Princeton Univ. Pres.
- H.J.W. Drijvers (1980). Cult and Believes at Edessa, Leiden.
- Eusebius (1965). The History of the Church from Christ to Constantine ( Translated by G.A. Williamson), London: Penguin Books Ltd.
- İbn Adim (1989). Bugyetu't-Taleb fî Tarihi Haleb, (thk. Süheyl Zekkar). I. cilt, Daru'l-Fikr, Beyrut.
- İslamoğlu, Mustafa (2011). Nüzul Sırasına Göre Hayat Kitabı Kur'an Gerekçeli Meal-Tefsir. İstanbul: Düşün Yay.
- Malalas, John (1986). The Chronicle of John Malalas, (Çev. Elizabeth Jeffreys, Michael Jeffreys and Roger Scott).published by Australian National University. Canberra.
- Renan, Ernest (1964). İsa'nın Hayatı (Çev. Ziya İshan). Ankara: Milliyet Yay..
- Resullerin işleri, 1:9-11, Luka 24, İncil, Yeni Yaşam Yay.
- Zetterholm, Magnus (2005). The Formation of Christianity in Antioch. Published by Routledge Ltd. New York.
Hristiyanlığın Antakya'da Şekillenmesi ve Habib-i Neccar/The Formation of Christianity in Antioch and Habib Al-Najjar
Öz
Özet
Antikçağ'da Doğu Akdeniz bölgesinde önemli kültür ve medeniyet merkezlerinden biri olan Antakya, aynı zamanda Hristiyanlığın da ilk şekillendiği yer idi. Hristiyanlık öncesi Antakya'da iki hakim inanış bulunmaktaydı. Bu inanışlardan biri Paganizm iken diğeri Yahudilik idi. Aynı zamanda Anadolu'dan Ortadoğu'ya geçiş güzergahında bulunan Antakya'ya bağlı olan Defne (Harbiye) pagan kültlerinin merkezi konumundaydı. Hz. İsa'nın M.S. 33 yılında vefatından sonra M.S. 35 ile 45 yılları arasında havari Peter, Barnabas ve Pavlos Antakya'ya gelerek Hristiyanlığı ilk kez burada evrensel bir din haline getirdiler. Havarilerin Hz.İsa'nın öğretisini anlatmalarının sonucunda ilk kez burada Putperestlikten Hristiyanlığa geçen bir topluluk oluştu. Bu dönemde Antakya, Roma İmparatorluğuna bağlı dini, kültürel ve askeri bir merkez olduğundan Hristiyanlık buradan Roma dünyasına kolaylıkla yayıldı. Kuran-ı Kerim'de Yasin Suresinde Antakya, Karye ve Şehir olarak geçmektedir. Bu surede ilk önce iki elçinin gönderildiği daha sonra ise üçüncü elçinin bu elçilere destek olmak için şehre geldiğinde şehrin kenarından gelen kişinin kavmim siz neden bu elçilere uymuyorsunuz dediğinden dolayı şehit edildiği yazılmaktadır. Havarilerin Antakya'da Hristiyanlığı şekillendirdikleri zamandaki olay ile Yasin suresindeki Habib-i Neccar kıssasındaki olay birbirine benzemektedir. Bu benzerlikler bu makalenin ana konusunu oluşturmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Antakya, Habibi Neccar, Hristiyanlık.
Abstract
In antiquity, Antioch was one of the most important civilization center in the Levant and also the Christianity was formed at that place for the first time. Before the Christianity, the beliefs pervaded in Antioch which were Paganism and Judaism. At that time the city was on the route from Anatolia to Middle East and also the region's belief center (Paganism) in Daphne (Harbiye).The Prophet Jesus passed away in 33 A.D. thereafter between 35 and 45 A.D. the apostles Paul, Barnabas and Peter made a missionary journey to the city to encourage and strengthens the Christianity. With their efforts, a Christian community was established in Antioch and its converts were the first to be called the Christianity. As a result of the missionary services done by these saints they could congregate a mass which converted from Paganism to the Christianity. At that time Antioch was cultural, commercial and religious center of the Eastern Roman World. Thus, formed Christianity spreaded from Antioch to the Roman World rapidly. Antioch is al-qarya or the city mentioned in Qur'an Yasin Sura: 13-29. In Qur'an, Yasin Sura there was a Habib al-Najjar anecdote, which two apostles (rusul) were sent to the city, assisted by the third who was sent to assist for two apostles. However, at the end of Habib al-Najjar anecdote it was narrated that the man came from outskirt and called to monotheism his people. The inhabitants didn't accept the new creed and admonished him to follow the apostles. Therefore he was killed and divine punishment was inflicted on the city. Otherwise, Habib al-Najjar anecdote in Qur'an was similar to the bible narrating how the apostles could form the Christianity in Antioch. The shared similarities were considered on a prefential basis in the article.
Key Words: Antioch, Habib al-Najjar, Christianity.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Akşit, Oktay (1985). Roma İmparatorluğu Tarihi. İstanbul: İstanbul Üniv. Yay.
- Bakır, Abdulhalik (2010). Yakut El-Hamevi'nin Antakya Şehri ile ilgili Naklettiği Bilgilerin Değerlendirilmesi, Fırat Üniversitesi Orta Doğu Araştırmaları Dergis, 7 (1).
- Bihlmeyeri K. Tuchle (1972). H., I. ve IV. Yüzyıllarda Hristiyanlık. (Çev. A. Gürol). İstanbul.
- Burkitt, Francis Crowford (1904). Early Eastern Christianity; St. Margaret's lectures on the Syriac-Speaking Church. London: John Murray.
- Busse, Heribert (2000). Antioch and Its Prophet Habib al-Najjar. Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam, 24: 155-179.
- Çelik, Mehmet (1987). Süryani Kilisesi Tarihi. I. Cilt İstanbul: Yaylacık Matbaası.
- Corvin, Virginia (1960). St. Ignatus and Christianity in Antioch, Yale Univ. Press.
- Downey, Glanville, (1961). A History of Antioch in Syria from Selecus to the Arap Conquest. New Jersey: Princeton Univ. Pres.
- H.J.W. Drijvers (1980). Cult and Believes at Edessa, Leiden.
- Eusebius (1965). The History of the Church from Christ to Constantine ( Translated by G.A. Williamson), London: Penguin Books Ltd.
- İbn Adim (1989). Bugyetu't-Taleb fî Tarihi Haleb, (thk. Süheyl Zekkar). I. cilt, Daru'l-Fikr, Beyrut.
- İslamoğlu, Mustafa (2011). Nüzul Sırasına Göre Hayat Kitabı Kur'an Gerekçeli Meal-Tefsir. İstanbul: Düşün Yay.
- Malalas, John (1986). The Chronicle of John Malalas, (Çev. Elizabeth Jeffreys, Michael Jeffreys and Roger Scott).published by Australian National University. Canberra.
- Renan, Ernest (1964). İsa'nın Hayatı (Çev. Ziya İshan). Ankara: Milliyet Yay..
- Resullerin işleri, 1:9-11, Luka 24, İncil, Yeni Yaşam Yay.
- Zetterholm, Magnus (2005). The Formation of Christianity in Antioch. Published by Routledge Ltd. New York.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 26 Ekim 2013 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2013 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 23 |
Kaynak Göster
.