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Azot ve bor gübrelemesinin kırmızı pancarın depolama sürecinde besin elementi konsantrasyonlarına etkisi

Yıl 2022, , 115 - 124, 08.04.2022
https://doi.org/10.37908/mkutbd.1054932

Öz

Amaç: Bu araştırmada azot ve bor gübrelemesinin kırmızı pancarın depolama koşullarındaki besin elementi konsantrasyonlarına etkisi incelenmiştir.

Yöntem ve Bulgular: Deneme, 2020 yılında Ankara ilinde tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Hasat sonrasında örnekler 4 °C sıcaklık ve %95 ± 2 oransal nemde 3 ay süre ile depolanmış, aylık periyotlarda depodan alınan örneklerde besin elementi konsantrasyonlarındaki değişimler belirlenmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre; azot, potasyum, demir ve bakır konsantrasyonları üzerine depolama süresi ve gübreleme interaksiyonu önemli bulunmuştur. Kalsiyum, çinko ve bor konsantrasyonları üzerine depolama süresi, mangan ve bor konsantrasyonları üzerine ise gübrelemenin etkisi önemli olmuştur. Depolama süresi, gübreleme ya da bunların interaksiyonunun kırmız pancarların fosfor ve magnezyum konsantrasyonları üzerine önemli bir etkisinin olmadığı belirlenmiştir.

Genel Yorum: Kırmızı pancar yetiştiriciliğinde azotlu ve borlu gübrelerin birlikte kullanımı ile birlikte depolama süresinin uzamasının köklerdeki makro ve mikro element içerikleri üzerine etki düzeyleri farklı olmuştur. Gübreleme yapılmadan (geleneksel yöntemler) yetiştiriciliği yapılan kırmızı pancarlara kıyasla gübrelemenin depolama sürecinde besin element değişimine etkileri net olarak ortaya konulmuştur. Dolayısıyla gübrelemenin etkisinin depolama sürecinde de önemli bir rol oynadığı ifade edilebilir.

Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: Kırmızı pancar içerdiği biyoaktif maddeler nedeniyle son yıllarda popülaritesi artan bir sebzedir. Sebzelerin besin elementi konsantrasyonları üzerine hasat öncesi faktörler (çeşit, gübreleme, iklim ve toprak koşulları, yetiştirme tekniği vb.) ile hasat sonrası depolama koşulları etkilidir. Bu araştırma kırmızı pancar yetiştiriciliğinde kullanılan azotlu ve borlu gübrelemenin depolama sürecinde makro ve mikro besin elementi içeriğine etkisini ortaya koyarak gelecekteki çalışmalara yön verme niteliği göstermektedir.

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Proje Numarası

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Teşekkür

Dergi Editör ve Yayın Kuruluna tüm çaba ve emekleri için teşekkürlerimizi sunarız.

Kaynakça

  • Akan S, Güneş NT, Erkan M (2021) Red beetroot: Health benefits production techniques and quality maintaining for food industry. J. Food Process. Preserv. 45: e15781.
  • Akan S, Horzum Ö, Akal HC (2022) The prevention of physicochemical and microbial quality losses in fresh-cut red beets using different packaging under cold storage conditions. LWT. 112877.
  • Alpaslan M, Taban S, İnal A, Kütük AC, Erdal İ (1996). Besin çözeltisinde yetiştirilen buğday (Triticum aestivum L.) bitkisinde bor-azot ilişkisi. PAJES. 2: 215-219.
  • Amrutha NR, Nataraj S, Rajeev K (2007) Genome-wide analysis and identification of genes related to potassium transporter families in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Plant Sci. 172: 708-721.
  • Babagil Y, Taşgın E, Nadaroğlu H, Kaymak HC (2018) Antioxidant and antiradical activity of beetroot (Beta vulgaris L. var. conditiva Alef.) grown using different fertilizers. J. Chem. 2018: 7101605.
  • Barba-Espin G, Glied-Olsen S, Dzhanfezova T, Joernsgaard B Lütken H, Müller R (2018). Preharvest application of ethephon and postharvest UV-B radiation improve quality traits of beetroot (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris) as source of colourant. BMC Plant Biol. 18: 1-12.
  • Baysal GD, Erdal İ (2015) Topraktan bor gübrelemesinin Mondial Gala ve Braeburn elma ceşitlerinin bor ve diğer besin elementi konsantrasyonlarına etkisi. YYÜ Tar. Bil. Derg. 25: 312-318.
  • Bhupenchandra I, Basumatary A, Dutta S, Singh LK, Datta N 2020 Impact of boron fertilization on boron fractions at different crop growth stages in cauliflower, cowpea, okra sequence in an inceptisols of North East India. J. Plant Nutr. 43: 1175-1188.
  • Boss CB, Fredeen KJ (2004). Concepts ınstrumentation and techniques in ınductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. PerkinElmer Life and Analytical Sciences, 710 BridgepOrt, Avenue Shelton, USA.
  • Bouyoucos GJ (1951) A recalibration of hydrometer for making mechanical analysis of soil. Agron. J. 43: 434-438.
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  • Bremner JM (1965) Total nitrogen. In: Black C.A. (eds) Methods of Soil Analysis. American Society of Agronomy Wisconsin pp. 1149-1178.
  • Bundinienė O, Zalatorius V, Starkutė R, Kavaliauskaitė D (2015) The influence of controlled release nitrogen fertilizers and their rates on biological value and storage of red beet. Optimization of Ornamental and Garden Plant Assortment Technologies and Environment Scientific Articles. 6(11): 16– 22.
  • Buraczynska D (2005) The contents of dry matter and macroelements in the roots and leaves of sugar beet under the influence of organic and mineral fertilization. Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska. Sectio E Agricultura (Poland).
  • Cakmak I, Marschner H, (1992) Magnesium deficiency and high light intensity enhance activities of superoxide dismutase ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase in bean leaves. Plant Physiol. 98: 1222–1227.
  • Ceclu L, Nistor OV (2020) Red Beetroot: Composition and Health Effects—A Review. J. Nutr. Med. Diet Care. 6: 043.
  • Clifford T, Howatson G, West DJ, Stevenson EJ (2015) The potential benefits of red beetroot supplementation in health and disease. Nutrients. 7(4): 2801-2822.
  • Cooke DA, Scott JE (2012) The sugar beet crop. Springer Science & Business Media.
  • Custic MH, Petek M., Toth N., Poljak M, Cosic T (2007) Effects of organic and mineral fertilization on NPK status in soil and plant and yield of red beet (Beta vulgaris var. conditiva). Cereal Research Communications. 35(2): 449-452.
  • Çavuşoğlu Ş (2018) Effects of hot water and UV-C on mineral content changes in two strawberry cultivars stored at different temperatures. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 42: 423-432.
  • Dzida K, Jarosz Z, Michałojć Z (2013) Effect of nitrogen fertilization on the yield and nutritive value of Beta vulgaris L. J. Elem. 17(1): 19-30.
  • Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, et al. Ovaskainen ML (2007) Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals fruits and vegetables in Finland. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 20(6): 487-495.
  • Farabegoli F, Scarpa ES, Frati A, Serafini G, Papi A, Spisni E, Antonini E, Benedetti S, Ninfali P (2017) Betalains increase vitexin-2-O-xyloside cytotoxicity in CaCo-2 cancer cells. Food Chem. 218: 356–364.
  • Gezgin S, Hamurcu M (2006) Bitki beslemede besin elementleri arasindaki etkileşimin önemi ve bor ile diğer besin elmentleri arasindaki etkileşimler. Selçuk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi. 20(39): 24-31.
  • Grzegorzewski K, Ciećko Z, Szostek R (2017) Influence of mineral fertilisation on the yield and macroelement content in sugar beet. Acta Agroph. 24(2): 221-237.
  • Gupta U C, Cutcliffe JA (1985) Boron nutrition of carrots and table beets grown in boron deficient soil. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 16(5): 509–516.
  • Hadipour E, Taleghani A, Tayarani‐Najaran N, Tayarani‐Najaran Z (2020) Biological effects of red beetroot and betalains: A review. Phytotherapy Research. 34(8): 1847-1867.
  • Hakala M, Lapvetelainen A, Huopalahti R, Kallio H, Tahvonen R (2003) Effects of varieties and cultivation conditions on the composition of strawberries. J Food Comp Anal. 16: 67-80.
  • Hashim-Maguire J (2015) Module 2: Grapevine Mineral Nutrition and Fertiliser Management http://www.7itgs2014.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/5a-MODULE-02-Mineral-Nutrition Fertilisers-final.pdf. Erişim: 28.12.2021
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  • Hlisnikovský L, Menšík L, Křížová K, Kunzová E (2021) The effect of farmyard manure and mineral fertilizers on sugar beet beetroot and top yield and soil chemical parameters. Agronomy. 11(1): 133.
  • Jackson ML (1958) Soil Chemical Analysis. Prentice Hall New Jersey p. 498.
  • Jones JB, Wolf Jr B, Mills HA (1991) Plant analysis handbook. I. methods of plant analysis and interpratation. Micro-Macro Publishing Inc. 183 Paradise Blvd Suite 108 Athens Georgia 30607 USA.
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  • Kale RG, Sawate AR, Kshirsagar RB, Patil BM, Mane RP (2018) Studies on evaluation of physical and chemical composition of beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.). International Journal of Chemical Studies, 6(2): 2977–2979.
  • Klimek-Szczykutowicz M, Szopa A, Ekiert H (2020) Citrus limon (Lemon) phenomenon—a review of the chemistry pharmacological properties applications in the modern pharmaceutical food and cosmetics industries and biotechnological studies. Plants. 9(1): 119.
  • Korus A (2020) Changes in the content of minerals B-group vitamins and tocopherols in processed kale leaves Journal of Food Composition and Analysis. 89: 103464.
  • Kotowska J, Wybieralski J (1999) Ksztatowanie siê stosunków iloœciowych K Ca i Mg w glebie oraz roœlinnych [Formation of quantitative ratios between K Ca and Mg in soil and in plants]. Biul. Magnezol. 4(1): 104-110. (in Polish)
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Effect of nitrogen and boron fertilization on nutrient concentrations of red beet during storage

Yıl 2022, , 115 - 124, 08.04.2022
https://doi.org/10.37908/mkutbd.1054932

Öz

Aims: In this study, the effects of nitrogen and boron fertilization on mineral element concentrations of red beet under storage conditions were investigated.

Methods and Results: The trial was conducted in Ankara in 2020 and established in a randomized block design with three replications. After harvest, samples were stored at 4°C temperature and 95 ± 2% relative humidity for three months. Changes in mineral element concentrations of stored samples were determined in monthly intervals. According to the results, storage period and fertilization interaction had a significant effect on nitrogen, potassium, iron and copper concentrations. The calcium, zinc, and boron concentrations were affected by storage period. Individiual fertilization effect was only found significant on manganese and boron concentrations. Storage period, fertilization or their interaction did not have an effect on phosphorus and magnesium concentrations of red beet.

Conclusions: The impacts of the nitrogen and boron fertilizers together in red beet cultivation showed differences in macro and micro element contents with the extension of the storage period. Compared to the red beets grown without fertilization (traditional methods), the effects of fertilization on nutrient change of red beets during the storage period have been clearly demonstrated. Therefore, it can be stated that the effect of fertilization also plays an important role during storage period.

Significance and Impact of the Study: Red beet has become a popular vegetable in recent years due to its bioactive substances. Pre-harvest factors (cultivar, fertilization, climate, soil conditions, cultivation techniques etc.) and post-harvest storage conditions are effective on mineral element concentrations in vegetables. This research shows the effectiveness of nitrogen and boron fertilization on macro and micronutrient content in red beet during the storage period and gives direction to future studies.

Proje Numarası

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Kaynakça

  • Akan S, Güneş NT, Erkan M (2021) Red beetroot: Health benefits production techniques and quality maintaining for food industry. J. Food Process. Preserv. 45: e15781.
  • Akan S, Horzum Ö, Akal HC (2022) The prevention of physicochemical and microbial quality losses in fresh-cut red beets using different packaging under cold storage conditions. LWT. 112877.
  • Alpaslan M, Taban S, İnal A, Kütük AC, Erdal İ (1996). Besin çözeltisinde yetiştirilen buğday (Triticum aestivum L.) bitkisinde bor-azot ilişkisi. PAJES. 2: 215-219.
  • Amrutha NR, Nataraj S, Rajeev K (2007) Genome-wide analysis and identification of genes related to potassium transporter families in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Plant Sci. 172: 708-721.
  • Babagil Y, Taşgın E, Nadaroğlu H, Kaymak HC (2018) Antioxidant and antiradical activity of beetroot (Beta vulgaris L. var. conditiva Alef.) grown using different fertilizers. J. Chem. 2018: 7101605.
  • Barba-Espin G, Glied-Olsen S, Dzhanfezova T, Joernsgaard B Lütken H, Müller R (2018). Preharvest application of ethephon and postharvest UV-B radiation improve quality traits of beetroot (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris) as source of colourant. BMC Plant Biol. 18: 1-12.
  • Baysal GD, Erdal İ (2015) Topraktan bor gübrelemesinin Mondial Gala ve Braeburn elma ceşitlerinin bor ve diğer besin elementi konsantrasyonlarına etkisi. YYÜ Tar. Bil. Derg. 25: 312-318.
  • Bhupenchandra I, Basumatary A, Dutta S, Singh LK, Datta N 2020 Impact of boron fertilization on boron fractions at different crop growth stages in cauliflower, cowpea, okra sequence in an inceptisols of North East India. J. Plant Nutr. 43: 1175-1188.
  • Boss CB, Fredeen KJ (2004). Concepts ınstrumentation and techniques in ınductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. PerkinElmer Life and Analytical Sciences, 710 BridgepOrt, Avenue Shelton, USA.
  • Bouyoucos GJ (1951) A recalibration of hydrometer for making mechanical analysis of soil. Agron. J. 43: 434-438.
  • Bravo S, Lee GS, Schmehl WR (1992) Effect of planting date nitrogen fertilizer and harvest date on seasonal concentrations and total content of five micronutrients in sugarbeet. J. Sugar Beet Res. 29: 45-57.
  • Bremner JM (1965) Total nitrogen. In: Black C.A. (eds) Methods of Soil Analysis. American Society of Agronomy Wisconsin pp. 1149-1178.
  • Bundinienė O, Zalatorius V, Starkutė R, Kavaliauskaitė D (2015) The influence of controlled release nitrogen fertilizers and their rates on biological value and storage of red beet. Optimization of Ornamental and Garden Plant Assortment Technologies and Environment Scientific Articles. 6(11): 16– 22.
  • Buraczynska D (2005) The contents of dry matter and macroelements in the roots and leaves of sugar beet under the influence of organic and mineral fertilization. Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska. Sectio E Agricultura (Poland).
  • Cakmak I, Marschner H, (1992) Magnesium deficiency and high light intensity enhance activities of superoxide dismutase ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase in bean leaves. Plant Physiol. 98: 1222–1227.
  • Ceclu L, Nistor OV (2020) Red Beetroot: Composition and Health Effects—A Review. J. Nutr. Med. Diet Care. 6: 043.
  • Clifford T, Howatson G, West DJ, Stevenson EJ (2015) The potential benefits of red beetroot supplementation in health and disease. Nutrients. 7(4): 2801-2822.
  • Cooke DA, Scott JE (2012) The sugar beet crop. Springer Science & Business Media.
  • Custic MH, Petek M., Toth N., Poljak M, Cosic T (2007) Effects of organic and mineral fertilization on NPK status in soil and plant and yield of red beet (Beta vulgaris var. conditiva). Cereal Research Communications. 35(2): 449-452.
  • Çavuşoğlu Ş (2018) Effects of hot water and UV-C on mineral content changes in two strawberry cultivars stored at different temperatures. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 42: 423-432.
  • Dzida K, Jarosz Z, Michałojć Z (2013) Effect of nitrogen fertilization on the yield and nutritive value of Beta vulgaris L. J. Elem. 17(1): 19-30.
  • Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, et al. Ovaskainen ML (2007) Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals fruits and vegetables in Finland. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 20(6): 487-495.
  • Farabegoli F, Scarpa ES, Frati A, Serafini G, Papi A, Spisni E, Antonini E, Benedetti S, Ninfali P (2017) Betalains increase vitexin-2-O-xyloside cytotoxicity in CaCo-2 cancer cells. Food Chem. 218: 356–364.
  • Gezgin S, Hamurcu M (2006) Bitki beslemede besin elementleri arasindaki etkileşimin önemi ve bor ile diğer besin elmentleri arasindaki etkileşimler. Selçuk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi. 20(39): 24-31.
  • Grzegorzewski K, Ciećko Z, Szostek R (2017) Influence of mineral fertilisation on the yield and macroelement content in sugar beet. Acta Agroph. 24(2): 221-237.
  • Gupta U C, Cutcliffe JA (1985) Boron nutrition of carrots and table beets grown in boron deficient soil. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 16(5): 509–516.
  • Hadipour E, Taleghani A, Tayarani‐Najaran N, Tayarani‐Najaran Z (2020) Biological effects of red beetroot and betalains: A review. Phytotherapy Research. 34(8): 1847-1867.
  • Hakala M, Lapvetelainen A, Huopalahti R, Kallio H, Tahvonen R (2003) Effects of varieties and cultivation conditions on the composition of strawberries. J Food Comp Anal. 16: 67-80.
  • Hashim-Maguire J (2015) Module 2: Grapevine Mineral Nutrition and Fertiliser Management http://www.7itgs2014.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/5a-MODULE-02-Mineral-Nutrition Fertilisers-final.pdf. Erişim: 28.12.2021
  • Hızalan E, Ünal H (1966) Topraklarda önemli kimyasal analizler. AÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları. 278: 5-7.
  • Hlisnikovský L, Menšík L, Křížová K, Kunzová E (2021) The effect of farmyard manure and mineral fertilizers on sugar beet beetroot and top yield and soil chemical parameters. Agronomy. 11(1): 133.
  • Jackson ML (1958) Soil Chemical Analysis. Prentice Hall New Jersey p. 498.
  • Jones JB, Wolf Jr B, Mills HA (1991) Plant analysis handbook. I. methods of plant analysis and interpratation. Micro-Macro Publishing Inc. 183 Paradise Blvd Suite 108 Athens Georgia 30607 USA.
  • Kacar B. (2012). Temel Bitki Besleme. Nobel Yayınları No: 206
  • Kale RG, Sawate AR, Kshirsagar RB, Patil BM, Mane RP (2018) Studies on evaluation of physical and chemical composition of beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.). International Journal of Chemical Studies, 6(2): 2977–2979.
  • Klimek-Szczykutowicz M, Szopa A, Ekiert H (2020) Citrus limon (Lemon) phenomenon—a review of the chemistry pharmacological properties applications in the modern pharmaceutical food and cosmetics industries and biotechnological studies. Plants. 9(1): 119.
  • Korus A (2020) Changes in the content of minerals B-group vitamins and tocopherols in processed kale leaves Journal of Food Composition and Analysis. 89: 103464.
  • Kotowska J, Wybieralski J (1999) Ksztatowanie siê stosunków iloœciowych K Ca i Mg w glebie oraz roœlinnych [Formation of quantitative ratios between K Ca and Mg in soil and in plants]. Biul. Magnezol. 4(1): 104-110. (in Polish)
  • Kurus J (2006) Content of some nutrients and mineral components in sugar beet depending on nitrogen fertilization and methods of weed control (in Polish). Acta Agroph. 8(3): 671-680.
  • Laur S, da Silva ALBR, Díaz-Pérez JC, Coolong T (2021). Impact of shade and fogging on high tunnel production and mineral content of organically grown lettuce basil and arugula in Georgia. Agriculture. 11(7): 625.
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  • Mampa SS, Maboko MM, Soundy P, Sivakumar D (2017) Nitrogen application and leaf harvesting improves yield and nutritional quality of beetroot. HortTechnology. 27(3): 337-343.
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  • Öz H, Yaylacı C, Erdal İ (2021) Farklı malç materyallerinin marul (Lactuca sativa L. Duna) bitkisinin gelişimi ve bazı mineral besin elementleri üzerine etkisi. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 26 (2): 489-496.
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  • Wicaksana P, Wijaya K, Soeparjono S (2019) The role of potassıum and calsıum ın ımprovıng the qualıty and shelf lıfe of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum var. servo). El-Hayah: Jurnal Biologi. 7(2): 84 - 93.
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  • Yazıcı D, & Korkmaz K. (2020). Karabuğday bitkisinde bor alınımı ve toksitesi üzerine potasyum uygulamalarının etkisi. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi. 9(1): 151-162.
  • Yener H, Kuşaksız EK, Kuşaksız T (2017) Yapraktan kalsiyum nitrat gübrelemesinin sofralık sultani çekirdeksiz (Vitis vinifera L.) üzüm çeşidinin mineral beslenmesine etkisi. Soma Meslek Yüksekokulu Teknik Bilimler Dergisi 1(23) 59-67.
  • Zambi O (2015) Arpacık İriliği ve Bor Uygulamalarının Yeşil Soğanda Verim ve Kaliteye Etkisi. Ordu Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Bahçe Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı (Yüksek Lisans Tezi) 66s. Ordu.
Toplam 71 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Ziraat Mühendisliği
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Selen Akan 0000-0002-2452-6483

Mehmet Burak Taşkın 0000-0002-0889-5668

Özge Horzum 0000-0003-2030-5613

Hanife Akça 0000-0001-8529-6469

Proje Numarası -
Yayımlanma Tarihi 8 Nisan 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 7 Ocak 2022
Kabul Tarihi 2 Mart 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022

Kaynak Göster

APA Akan, S., Taşkın, M. B., Horzum, Ö., Akça, H. (2022). Azot ve bor gübrelemesinin kırmızı pancarın depolama sürecinde besin elementi konsantrasyonlarına etkisi. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 27(1), 115-124. https://doi.org/10.37908/mkutbd.1054932

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