Acaricidal effects of some plant essential oils on the adult females of two spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Öz

In this study, the effects of five essential oils [mint (Mentha arvensis L.), thyme (Origanum onites L.), lemon grass (Cymbopogan citratus), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) and clove (Syzgium aromaticum L.)] were determined on female adults of two spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch, Acari:Tetranychidae). Four different concentrations (0.01, 0.02, 0.03, and 0.04%) of essential oils were applied to adult females on bean leaves prepared according to the leaf-disc method (4 cm) in plastic petri dishes by spraying. At the 24th and 72nd hours following the applications, the mortality rates at the lowest dose of 0.04% of all essential oils ranged between 6±1.87%-11±1.00% and 25±3.53%-41±1.87% (P= 0.000, F=11.711), respectively. The highest mortality rate was in lemongrass treatment (41±1.87% in 0.04% dose) at the 72nd hour. On the 5th day of the observations, the highest mortality rate was in thyme application (77±5.14% in 0.04% dose) and there was no significant difference in lemongrass and clove treatments. On the 7th day, lemongrass oil caused 99±1.00% death, followed by clove (98±1.22%), thyme (96±1.87%) and eucalyptus (85±2.73) and peppermint (82±2.00) treatments in 0.04% concentration. Five of the seven tested essential oils had a toxic effect on the T. urticae females at the highest concentration seven days after application. It can be concluded that the essential oils of lemongrass, clove, and thyme can have a significant acaricidal effect on T. urticae females.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Two spotted spider mite
• Essential oil
• Insecticidal activity
• Pest

Bazı bitki uçucu yağların iki noktalı kırmızı örümcek Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) ergin dişileri üzerine akarisidal etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, beş farklı bitki uçucu yağın [nane (Mentha arvensis L.), kekik (Origanum onites L.), limon otu (Cymbopogan citratus), okaliptüs (Eucalyptus globulus) ve karanfil (Syzgium aromaticum L.)] akarisidal etkisi iki noktalı kırmızı örümcek (Tetranychus urticae Koch, Acari: Tetranychidae) ergin dişileri üzerinde belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada uçucu yağların 4 farklı konsantrasyonu (%0.01, 0.02, 0.03 ve 0.04) yaprak-disk (4 cm) yöntemine göre hazırlanmış fasülye yaprakları üzerindeki ergin dişilere püskürtülerek uygulanmıştır. Uygulamalardan sonraki 24. saatte tüm uçucu yağların %0.04 konsantrasyonunda gerçekleşen ölümün %6±1.87-%11±1.00, 72 saat sonra ise % 25±3.53-%41±1.87 (P< 0.001, F=11.7) arasında değiştiği, en yüksek ölümün limon otu’nda olduğu (%41±1.87) belirlenmiştir. Beşinci günde en yüksek ölüm kekik uygulamasında (%77±5.14, %0.04 konsantrasyon) olmuştur. Son gözlem günü olan 7. günde, limon otu %99±1.00 (%0.04 konsantrasyon) ölüme neden olurken, bunu sırasıyla karanfil (%98±1.22), kekik (%96±1.87), okaliptus (%85±2.73) ve nane (%82±2.00) uçucu yağı uygulamaları takip etmiştir. Çalışmadaki 5 uçucu yağın uygulamadan 7 gün sonra en yüksek uygulama dozunda (%0.04) T. urticae ergin dişileri üzerinde toksik etkisinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Limon otu, karanfil ve kekik uçucu yağlarının T. urticae ergin dişileri üzerinde önemli bir akarisit etkisi olabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İki noktalı kırmızı örümcek
• Uçucu yağ
• İnsektisidal aktivite
• Zararlı

Kaynakça

1. Abbott WS (1925) A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. J. Econ. Entomol. 18: 265-267.
2. Afify AMR, Ali FS, Turky AF (2012) Control of Tetranychus urticae Koch by extracts of three essential oils of chamomile, marjoram and eucalyptus. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed. 2(1): 24-30.
3. Akhtar Y, Isman MB (2004) Comparative growth inhibitory and antifeedant effects of plant extracts and pure allelochemicals of four phytophagous insect species. J. Appl. Entomol. 128: 32-38.
4. Alexenizer M, Dorn A (2007) Screening of medicinal and ornamental plants for insecticidal and growth regulating activity. J. Pest Sci. 80: 205-215.
5. Amizadeh M, Hejazi MJ, Saryazdi GA (2013) Fumigant toxicity of some essential oils on Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Int. J. Acarology. 1-5.
6. Attia S, Grissa KL, Lognay G, Heuskin S, Mailleux AC, Hance T (2011a) Chemical composition and acaricidal properties of Deverra scoparia essential oil (Araliales: Apiaceae) and blends of its major constituents against Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 104: 1120–1228.
7. Attia S, Grissa KL, Ghrabi ZG, Mailleux AC, Lognay G, Hance T (2011b) Assessment of the acaricidal activity of several plant extracts on the phytophagous mite Tetranychus urticae (Tetranychidae) in Tunisian citrus orchards. Bulletin S.R.B.E/K.B.V.E. 147: 71–97.
8. Attia S, Grisssa LK, Ghrabi GZ, Mailleux A-C, Lognay G, Hance T (2012) Acaricidal activity of 31 essential oils extracted from plants collected in Tunisia. J. Essent. Oil Res. 24: 279–288.

9. Attia, S., Grissa, K. L., Lognay, G., Bitume, E., Hance, T., Mailleux, A. C., (2013). A review of the major biological approaches to control the worldwide pest Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) with special reference to natural pesticides. J. Pest Sci. 86: 361–386.
10. Badawy MEI, EI-Arami SAA, Abdelgaleil, SAM (2010) Acaricidal and quantitative structure activity relationship of monoterpenes against the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae. Exp. Appl. Acarol. 52: 261–274.
11. Batish DR, Singh HP, Kohli RK, Kaur S. 2008. Eucalyptus essential oil as a natural pesticide. Forest Ecology and Management. 256: 2166–2174.
12. Bernard DR, Xue R (2004) Laboratory evulation of mosquito repellents against Aedes albopictus, Culex nigripalpus and Ochlerotatus triseriatus (Diptera: Culicidae). J. Med. Entomol. 41: 726-730.
13. Bernardi D, Botton M, da Cunha US, Bernardi O, Malausa T, Garcia MS, Nava DE (2012) Effects of azadirachtin on Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) and its compatibility with predatory mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on strawberry. Pest Manag. Sci. 69: 75–80.
14. Bethke A, Siapno O, Redak R (2001) The latest miticides. Greenhouse Product News 14: 54–56.
15. Bostanian NJ, Akalach M, Chiasson H (2005) Effects of a chenopodium-based botanical insecticide/acaricide on Orius insidiosus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) and Aphidius colemanii (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Pest Manag. Sci. 61: 979-984.
16. Boyd DW, Alverson DR (2000) Repellency effects of garlic extracts on two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch. J. Entomol. Sci. 35: 86–90.
17. Cavalcanti SCH, Niculau Edos S, Blank AF, Caˆmara CAG, Arau´jo IN, Alves PB (2010) Composition and acaricidal activity of Lippia sidoides essential oil against two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch). Bioresour. Technol. 101: 829–832.
18. Chiasson H, Bostanian NJ, Vincent C (2004) Acaricidal properties of a Chenopodium-based botanical. J. Econ. Entomol. 97: 1373–1377.
19. Choi W-I, Lee S-G, Park H-M, Ahn Y-J (2004) Toxicity of plant essential oils to Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Phytoseiulus persimilis (Acari: Phytoseiidae). J Econ Entomol. 97: 553–558.
20. Calmasur O, Aslan I, Sahin F (2006) Insecticidal and acaricidal effect of three Lamiaceae plant essential oils against Tetranychus urticae Koch and Bemisia tabaci Genn. Ind. Crop Prod. 23: 140–146.
21. Dang QL, Choi YH, Choi GJ, Jang KS, Park MS, Park N-J, Lim CH, Kim H, Ngoc LH, Kim J-C (2010) Pesticidal activity of ingenane diterpenes isolated from Euphorbia kansui against Nilaparvata lugens and Tetranychus urticae. J. Asia Pacific Entomol. 13: 51–54.
22. Dittmann L, Schausberger P (2017) Adaptive aggregation by spider mites under predation risk. Sci. Rep. 7: 10609.
23. El-Gengaihi SE, Amer SAA, Mohamed SM (1996) Biological activity of thymol against Tetranychus urticae Koch. Anz. Schadlingskde., Pflanzenschutz, Umweltschutz. 69: 157-159.
24. Erler F, Tunc T (2005) Monoterpenoids as fumigants against greenhouse pests: toxic, development and reproduction-inhibiting effects. J. Plant Dis. Protect. 112: 181–192.
25. European Pharmacopoeia (1997). Council of Europe Publishing, 3rd edn. Strasbourg
26. Felšöciová S, Kačániová M, Horská E, Vukovic N, Hleba L, Petrová J, Rovná K, Stričík M, Hajduová Z (2015) Antifungal activity of essential oils against selected terverticillate penicillia. Ann. Agric. Environ. Med. 22: 38–42.
27. Grbic M, Van Leeuen T, Clark RM (2011) The genome of Tetranychus urticae reveals herbivores pest adaptations. Nature 479(7374): 487-492.
28. Werdin González, JO, Stefanazzi N, Murray AP, Ferrero AA, Fernández Band, B (2015) Novel nanoinsecticides based on essential oils to control the german cockroach. J. Pest Sci. 88: 393–404.
29. Han J, Choi B-R, Lee S-G, Kim SI, Ahn Y-J (2010) Toxicity of plant essential oils to acaricide-susceptible and resistant Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Neoseiulus californicus (Acari: Phytoseiidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 103: 1293–1298.
30. Heuskin S (2011) Contribution to the study of semiochemical slowrelease formulations as biological control devices. PhD thesis. Universite´ de Lie`ge, Gembloux, Agrobiotech, Belgium
31. Ilias A, Roditakis E, Grispou M, Nauen R, Vontas J, Tsagkarakou A (2012) Efficacy of ketoenols on insecticide resistant field populations of two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae and sweet potato whitefly Bemisia tabaci from Greece. Crop Prot. 42: 305–311.
32. Isman MB (1999) Pesticides based on plant essential oils. Pesticide Outlook, 10: 68–72.
33. Isman MB (2000) Plant essential oils for pest and disease management. Crop Protectection, 19: 603–608.
34. Isman MB (2006) Botanical insecticides, deterrents, and repellents in modern agriculture and an increasingly regulated world. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 51: 45-66.
35. Isman MB, Miresmailli S, Machial C (2010) Commercial opportunities for pesticides based on plant essential oils in agriculture, industry and consumer products. Phytochemistry Review 10: 197-204.
36. Isman MB (2020) Botanical insecticides in the twenty-first century-fulfilling their promise? Annu. Rev. Entomol. 65: 233-249.
37. Kasap İ, Kök Ş (2019) Bazı bitki ekstraktlarının iki noktalı kırmızıörümcek, Tetranychus urticae Koch üzerine insektisit etkisinin belirlenmesi. ÇOMÜ Zir. Fak. Derg. (COMU J. Agric. Fac.) 7 (1): 137–144.
38. Jeon JH, Lee CH Lee HS (2009) Food protective effect of geraniol and its congeners against stored food mites. Journal of Food Production 72: 1468-1471.
39. Lee S, Tsao R, Peterson C, Coates JR, Lee, SK (1997) Insecticidal activity of monoterpenoids to westwrn Corn rootworm (Col.: Chrysomelidae), Twospotted Spidermite (Acari: Tetranychidae), and Housefly (Dip.: Muscidae). J. Econ. Entomol. (90): 883-892.
40. Liao M, Xiao J-J, Zhou L-J, Yao X, Tang F, Hua R-M, Wu X-W, Cao H-Q (2017) Chemical composition, insecticidal and biochemical effects of Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil on the Helicoverpa armigera. J. Appl. Entomol. 141: 721–728.
41. Liu SQ, Shi JJ, Cao H, Jia FB, Liu XQ, Shi GL, (2000) Survey of pesticidal component in plant, in entomology in China in 21th Century. Science and Technical Press. 1098-1104.
42. Marcic D, Petronijevic S, Drobnjakovic T, Prijovic M, Peric P, Milenkovic S (2012) The effects of spirotetramat on life history traits and population growth of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Exp. Appl. Acarol. 56: 113–122.
43. Mc Donnell R, Yoo J, Patel K, Rios L, Hollingsworth R, Millar J, Paine T (2016) Can essential oils be used as novel drench treatments for the eggs and juveniles of the pest snail Cornu aspersum in potted plants? J. Pest Sci. 89: 549–555.
44. Miresmailli S, Isman MB (2006) Efficacy and persistence of rosemary oil as an acaricide against two-spotted spider mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) on greenhouse tomato. J. Econ. Entomol. 99: 2015–2023.
45. Monteiro LB, Kuhn TMA, Mogor AF, da Silva EDB (2013) Biology of the two-spotted spider mite on strawberry plants. Neotrop. Entomol. 43: 183–188.
46. Murray MB (2006) Botanical insecticides detrrents and repellents in modern agriculture and an increasingly regulated world. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 51: 45-66.
47. Neves IIDA, Da Camara CAG, De Oliviera JCS, De Almeida AV (2011) Acaricidal activity and essential oil composition of Petiveria alliacea L. from Pernambuco (Northeast Brazil). J. Essent. Oil Res. 23: 23–26.
48. Nohutçu L, Şelem E, Tunçtürk R, Tunçtürk M (2021) Uçucu Yağların Tarımsal Hastalık ve Zararlılara Karşı Kullanımı. Bursa Uludag Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Derg. 35(2): 499-523.
49. Papachristos D, Karamaniol K, Stamopoulos D, Menkissoglu-Spirudi U (2004) The relationship between the chemical composition of three essential oils and their insecticidal activity against Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say). Pest Manag. Sci. 60: 514-520.
50. Powell C, Lindquist R (1997) Spider mites (Acari-Tetranychidae). Ball Publishing, Batavia.
51. Regnault-Roger C, Vincent C, Arnasson JT (2012) Essential oils in insect control: low-risk products in a high-stakes world. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 57: 405–425.
52. Roh HS, Lim EG, Kim J, Park CG (2011) Acaricidal and oviposition deterring effects of santalol identified in sandalwood oil against the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). J. Pest Sci. 84: 495–501.
53. Sances FV, Toscano NC, LaPre LF, Oatman ER, Johnson MW (1982) Spider mites can reduce strawberry yields. California Agriculture 36: 15–16.
54. Saxena BP (1989) Insecticides from Neem, In: Insecticides of Plant Origin. (Eds. Arnason JT, Philogene BJR, Morand P). Am Chemical Society, pp 110–135.
55. Sertkaya E, Kaya K, Soylu S, (2010) Acaricidal activities of the essential oils from several medicinal plants against the carmine spider mite (Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisd.) (Acarina: Tetranychidae). Ind. Crops Prod. 31: 107–112.
56. Seyed Saeid Modarres-Najafabadi (2012) Control of Tetranychus urticae Koch by Thyme, Lavender and Eucalyptus Essential Oils. J. medicinal plants by- products 1: 43-47.
57. Stumpf N, Zebitz CPW, Kraus W, Moores GD, Nauen R (2001) Resistance to organophosphates and biochemical genotyping of Acetylcholinesterases in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Pest Biochem. Physiol. 69: 131–142.
58. Tirello P, Pozzebon A, Cassanelli S, Van Leeuwen T, Duso C (2012) Resistance to acaricides in Italian strains of Tetranychus urticae: toxicological and enzymatic assays. Exp. Appl. Acarol. 57: 53–64.
59. Triana O, Cafarchia C, Capelli G, Iacobellis NS, Otranto D (2005) In vitro acaricidal activity of four monoterpenes and solvents against Otodectes cynotis (Acari:Psoroptidae). Exp. Appl. Acarol. 37: 141-146.
60. Whalon ME, Mota-Sanchez RM, Hollingworth RM, Duynslager L (2018) Artrhopods resistant to pesticides database (ARPD). Retrieved October 20, 2022, from http://www.pesticideresistance.org.
61. Wollinger A, Perrin É, Chahboun J, Jeannot V, Touraud D, Kunz W (2016) Antioxidant activity of hydro distillation water residues from Rosmarinus officinalis l.leaves determined by dpph assays. C. R. Chim. 19: 754–765.
62. Van Leeuwen T, Van Pottelberge S, Nauen R, Tirry L (2007) Organophosphate insecticides and acaricides antagonise bifenazate toxicity through esterase inhibition in Tetranychus urticae. Pest Manag. Sci. 63: 1172–1177.
63. Van Leeuwen T, Vontas J, Tsagkarakou A, Dermauw W, Tirry L (2010) Acaricide resistance mechanisms in the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae and other important Acari: A review. Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. 40: 563–572.