Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

The relationships between post-calving body condition and fertility traits in Holstein Friesian cows

Yıl 2024, , 14 - 28, 08.04.2024
https://doi.org/10.37908/mkutbd.1349091

Öz

In this study, the relationships between post-calving body condition and reproductive characteristics were investigated in 55 Holstein Friesian cows. Cows were divided into two groups according to their body condition scores (BCS) as the first (BCS<3) and the second group (BCS≥3). In the first and second cow groups, body condition score at 1st month after calving (BS1: 2.82, 3.36), body condition score at 5th month after calving (BS5: 3.21, 3.57), decrease in body condition score between dry period and calving at the 1th month after postpartum period (DECREASE: 1.23, 0.80), increase in body condition score between 1st and 5th months of lactation (INCREASE1: 0.39, 0.21) and the increase in body condition score between the 1st and 7th months of lactation (INCREASE2: 0.93, 0.64), and differences were found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). In the first and second group cows, the period of first heat (ICS), the period of service (SP), the number of inseminations per pregnancy (GBTS) and the rate of conception at the first insemination (ITCR), were found to be 43.55, 38.30 days; 88.83, 77.31 days; 2.21, 1.73 and 54.88%, 69.87%, respectively. Significant and negative correlations were found between body condition score at 1st month post calving (BS1) and decrease in body condition score in the 1st month between dry period and post calving (DECREASE) and BCSs and ICS, GBTS, ITGCR, SP, and GKO60 (pregnancy rate on the 60th day post calving). The results of the study revealed that during calving, cows with moderate body condition had better reproductive performance.

Proje Numarası

Proje No: 353

Kaynakça

  • Aeberhard, K., Bruckmaier, R.M., Kuepfer, U., & Blum, J.W. (2001). Milk yield and composition, nutrition, body conformation traits, body condition scores, fertility and diseases in high yielding dairy cows. Part 1, Journal of Veterinary Medicine. A, Physiology, Pathology, Clinical Medicine, 48 (2), 97-110. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0442.2001.00292.x
  • Bayram, B., Aksakal, V., & Akbulut, Ö. (2012). Effect of the body condition score on some reproduction and milk yield traits of Swedish Red and White cows. The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences, 22 (3), 545-551.
  • Burke, J.M., De La Sota, R.L., Risco, C.A., Staples, C.R., Schmitt, E.J.P., & Thatcher, W.W. (1996). Evaluation of timed insemination using a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist in lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 79 (8), 1385-1393. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(96)76496-2
  • Butler, W.R., & Smith, R.D. (1989). Interrelationships between energy balance and postpartum reproductive function. Journal of Dairy Science, 72 (3), 767-783. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(89)79169-4
  • Butler, W.R. (2003). Energy balance relationship between the follicular development, ovulation and fertility in postpartum dairy cows. Livestock Production Science, 83 (2-3), 211-218. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-6226(03)00112-X
  • Byers, D.I. (1999). Practical on-farm suggestions for managing body condition, dry matter intake for optimum production, reproduction and health. https://www.wcds.ca/proc/1999/Manuscripts/Chapt%2013%20-%20Byers.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 10.08.2023).
  • Castañeda-Gutiérrez, E., Pelton, S.H., Gilbert, R.O., & Butler, W.R. (2009). Effect of peripartum dietary energy supplementation of dairy cows on metabolites, liver function and reproductive variables. Animal Reproduction Science, 112 (3-4), 301-315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2008.04.028
  • Contreras, L.L., Ryan, C.M., & Overton, T.R. (2004). Effects of dry cow grouping strategy and prepartum body condition score on performance and health of transition dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 87 (2), 517-523. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73191-4
  • Daşkın, A. (2005). Sığırcılık İşletmelerinde Reprodüksiyon Yönetimi ve Suni Tohumlama. Aydan Yayınları, 280 sf., Ankara, Türkiye.
  • Domecq, J.J., Skidmore, A.L., Lloyd, J.W., & Kaneene, J.B. (1997). Relationship between body condition scores and conception at first artificial insemination in large dairy herd of high yielding Holstein cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 80 (1), 113-120. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(97)75918-6
  • Ducrot, C., Gröhn, Y.T., Humblot, P., Bugnord, F., Sulpice, P., & Gilbert, R.O. (1994). Postpartum anestrus in French beef cattle: An epidemiological study. Theriogenology, 42 (5), 753-764. https://doi.org/10.1016/0093-691x(94)90443-m
  • Edmonson, A.J., Lean, I.J., Weaver, L.D., Farver, T., & Webster, G. (1989). A body condition scoring chart for Holstein dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 72 (1), 68-78. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(89)79081-0
  • Encinias, A.M., & Lardy, G. (2000). Body condition scoring: managing your cow herd through body condition scoring. https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/pubs/ansci/beef/as1026.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 09.08.2023).
  • Eversole, D.E., Browne M.F., Hall, J.B., & Dietz R.E. (2000). Body condition scoring beef cows. https://pubs.ext.vt.edu/400/400-795/400-795.html (Erişim Tarihi: 02.08.2023).
  • Fallah, H.A.L. (2022). Body condition score and its association with productive and reproductive performance and health status in dairy cattle: Review Article. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1060, 012069. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1060/1/012069
  • Fassi Fihri, A., Lakhdissi, H., Derqaoui, L., Hajji, K.H, Naciri, M., & Goumari, A. (2005). Genetic and nongenetic effects on the number of ovarian follicles and oocyte yield and quality in the bovine local (Oulmes Zaer), exotic breeds and their crosses in Morocco. African Journal of Biotechnology, 4 (1), 9-13.
  • Ferguson, J.D. (1993). Body condition scoring. Center for Animal Health and Productivity University of Pennsylvania, School of Veterinary Medicine.
  • Ferguson, J.D., & Galligan, D.T. (1993). Reproductive programs in dairy herds. Proc. Central Veterinary Conference, 1, 161-178, Kansas City, MO.
  • Ferguson, J.D., Galligan, D.T., & Thomsen, N. (1994). Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 77 (9), 2695-26703. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77212-X
  • Ferguson, J.D. (1996). Implementation of a body condition scoring program in dairy herds. The Penn Annual Conference, USA.
  • Gallo, L., Carnier, P., Cassandro, M., Mantovani, R., Bailoni, L., Contiero, B., & Bittante, G. (1996). Change in body condition score of Holstein cows as affected by parity and matura equivalent milk yield. Journal of Dairy Science, 79 (6), 1009-1015. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(96)76452-4
  • Gearhart, M.A., Curtis, C.R., Erb, H.N., Smith, R.D., Sniffen, C.J., Chase, L.E., & Cooper, M.D. (1990). Relationship of chances in condition score to cow health in Holsteins. Journal of Dairy Science, 73 (11), 3132-3140. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(90)79002-9
  • Gillund, P., Reksen, O., Grohn, Y.T., & Karlberg, K. (2001). Body condition related to ketosis and reproductive performance in Norwegian dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 84 (6), 1390-1396. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)70170-1
  • Grummer, R.R. (2000). Energy status and reproductive function in dairy cattle. https://www.ibrarian.net/navon/paper/energy_status_and_reproductıve_functıon_ın_daıry_.pdf?paperid=2885454 (Erişim Tarihi: 08.08.2023).
  • Hady, P.J., Domecq, J.J., & Kaneene, J.B. (1994). Frequency and precision of body condition scoring in dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science, 77 (6), 1543-1547. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77095-8
  • Heuer, C., Schukken, Y.H., & Dobbelaar P. (1999). Postpartum body condition score and results from the first test day milk as predictors of disease fertility, yield, and culling in commercial dairy herds. Journal of Dairy Science, 82 (2), 295-304. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(99)75236-7
  • Hwa, K., & Gook-Hyun, S. (2003). Effect of the amount of body condition loss from the dry to near calving periods on the subsequent body condition change, occurrence of postpartum diseases, metabolic parameters and reproductive performance in Holstein dairy cows. Theriogenology, 60 (8), 1445-1456. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0093-691x(03)00135-3
  • Jilek, F., Pytloun, P., Kubešova, M., Štipkova, M., Bouška, J., Volek, J., Frelich, J., & Rajmon, R. (2008). Relationships among body condition score, milk yield and reproduction in Czech Fleckvieh cows. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 53 (9), 357-367.
  • Jorritsma, R., Wensing, T., Kruip, T.A., Vos, P.L., & Noordhuizen, J.P. (2003). Metabolic changes in early lactation and impaired reproductive performance in dairy cows. Veterinary Research, 34, 11-26. https://doi.org/10.1051/vetres:2002054
  • Loeffler, S.H., De Vries, M.J., Schukken, Y.H., De Zeeuw, A.C., Dijkhuizen, A.A., Graaf, F.M., & Brand, A. (1999). Use of AI technician scores for body condition, uterine tone and uterine discharge in a model with disease and milk production parameters to predict pregnancy risk at first AI in Holstein dairy cows. Theriogenelogy, 51 (7), 1267-1284. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-691X(99)00071-0
  • Lopez-Gatius, F., Yaniz, J., & Madriles-Helm, D. (2003). Effect of body condition score and change on the reproductive performance of dairy cows: a meta-analysis. Theriogenelogy, 59 (3-4), 801-812. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0093-691x(02)01156-1
  • Linn, J. (1991). Feeding for optimal reproductive performance in high-producing dairy cows. In: Breeding for Profit in the 90’s. Cooperative Extension Services, Iowa State University, USA.
  • Mangione, D.A. (2001). Scoring cows can improve profits. Ohio State University Extension Fact Sheet Department of Animal Sciences 2029 Fyffe Road, Columbus, Ohio 43210-1095. https://ohioline.osu.edu/l292/ (Erişim Tarihi: 04.07.2023).
  • Markusfeld, O., Galon, N., & Ezra, E. (1997). Body condition score, health, yield and fertility in dairy cows. Veterinary Record, 141, 67-72. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.141.3.67
  • Meikle, A., Kulcsar, M., Chillard, Y,. Febel, H., Delavaud, C., Cavestany, D., & Chilibroste, P. (2004). Effect of Parity and Body Condition at Parturition on Endocrine and Reproductive Parameters of the Cow. Society for Reproduction and Fertility. ISSN 1470-1626.
  • Montiel, F., & Ahuja C. (2005). Body condition and suckling as factors influencing the duration of postpartum anestrus in cattle. Animal Reproduction Science, 85, 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2003.11.001
  • Montiel-Olguín, L.J., Ruiz-López, F.J., Mellado, M., Estrada-Cortés, E., Gómez-Rosales, S., Elton-Puente, J.E., & Vera-Avila, H.R. (2019). Body condition score and milk production on conception rate of cows under a small-scale dairy system. Animals, 9, 800, https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9100800
  • Moreira, F., Risco, C., Pires, M.F.A., Ambrose, J.D., Drost, M., Delorenzo, M., & Thatcher, W.W. (2000). Effect of body condition on reproductive efficiency of lactating dairy cows receiving a timed insemination. Theriogenology, 53, 1305-1309. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0093-691x(00)00274-0
  • Morrison, D.G., Spitzer, J.C., & Perkins, J.L. (1999). Influence of prepartum body condition score change on reproduction in multiparous beef cows calving in moderate body condition. Journal of Animal Science, 77, 1048-1054. https://doi.org/10.2527/1999.7751048x
  • Mouffok, C., Madani, T., Smara, L., Baitiche, M., Allouche, L., & Belkasmi, F. (2011). Relationship between body condition score, body weight, some nutritional metabolites changes in blood and reproduction in Algerian Montbeliard cows. Veterinary World, 4 (10), 461-466. https://doi.org/10.5455/vetworld.2011.461-466
  • Nazhat, S.A., Aziz, A., Zabuli, J., & Rahmati, S. (2021). Importance of body condition scoring in reproductive performance of dairy cows: A review. Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 11, 272-288.
  • Parker, R. (1994). Using body condition scoring in dairy herd management. https://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/livestock/dairy/facts/94-053.htm (Erişim Tarihi:19.07.2023).
  • Pennington, J.A. (2004). Body condition scoring with dairy cattle. University of Arkansas, United States Department of Agriculture and County Governments Cooperating. https://www.uaex.edu/publications/pdf/FSA-4008.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 19.07.2023).
  • Rastani, R.R., Andrew, S.M., Zinn, S.A., & Sniffen, C.J. (2001), Body composition and estimated tissue energy balance in jersey and Holstein cows during early lactation. Journal of Dairy Science, 841201, 1209. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)74581-X
  • Richards, M.W., Spitzer, J.C., & Werner, M.B. (1986). Effect of varying levels of postpartum nutrition and body condition at calving on subsequent reproductive performance in beef cattle. Journal of Animal Science, 62, 300-306. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1986.622300x
  • Ruegg, P.L., & Milton, R.L. (1995). Body condition scores of Holstein cows on Prince Edward Island, Canada: relationships with yield, reproductive performance, and disease. Journal of Dairy Science, 78, 552-564. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(95)76666-8
  • Santos, J.E., Rutigliano, H.M., & Filho, M.F. (2009). Risk factors for resumption of postpartum estrous cycles and embryonic survival in lactating dairy cows. Animal Reproduction Science, 110, 207-221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2008.01.014
  • Short, R.E., Bellows, R.A., Staigmiller, R.B., Berardinelli, J.G., & Custer, E.E. (1990). Physiological mechanisms controlling anestrus and fertility in postpartum beef cattle. Journal of Animal Science, 68, 799-816. https://doi.org/10.2527/1990.683799x
  • Smith, R.D., Oltenacu, P.A., & Erb, H.N. (2007). The economics of improved reproductive performance. https://www.wvu.edu/~exten/infores/pubs/livepoul/dirm17.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 19.07.2023).
  • Spitzer, J.C., Morrison, D.G., Wettemann, R.P., & Faulkner, L.C. (1995). Reproductive responses and calf birth and weaning weights as affected by body condition at parturition and postpartum weight gain in primiparous beef cows. Journal of Animal Science, 73, 1251-1257. https://doi.org/10.2527/1995.7351251x
  • SPSS. SPSS for Windows, Version 18. SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL., USA, 2015.
  • Tapkı, İ., Önal, A.G., & Ünalan, A. (2005a). Siyah alaca ineklerde kuru dönem vücut kondisyonunun buzağı doğum ağırlığı, üreme özellikleri ile süt verimi ve kompozisyonu üzerine etkisi. 1. Buzağı doğum ağırlığı ve üreme özellikleri. MKÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 10 (1-2), 47-54.
  • Tapkı, İ., Önal, A.G., & Ünalan, A. (2005b). Siyah alaca ineklerde kuru dönem vücut kondisyonunun buzağı doğum ağırlığı, üreme özellikleri ile süt verimi ve kompozisyonu üzerine etkisi 2. Süt verimi ve kompozisyonu. MKÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 10 (1-2), 55-62.
  • Varışlı, Ö., & Tekin N. (2011). Holştayn ırkı ineklerde vücut kondisyon skorunun fertilite ve bazı reprodüktif parametrelere etkisi. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 58, 94-115.
  • Yaylak, E. (2003). Siyah alaca ineklerde döl verimi özelliklerine vücut kondisyon puanının etkisi. Hayvansal Üretim, 44, 44-51.
  • Waltner, S.S., McNamara, J.P., & Hillers, J.K. (1993). Relationships of body condition score to production variables in high producing Holstein dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science, 76, 3410-3419.
  • Wattiaux, M.A. (1996). Reproduction and Genetic Selection. The Babcock Institute University of Wisconsin, 240 Agriculture Hall, 1450 Linden Drive Madison WI 5370-1562. 161, USA.
  • Wattiaux, M.A. (1999). Body condition scores. https://babcock.wisc.edu/node/170 (Erişim Tarihi: 18.10.2023).
  • Wattiaux, M.A. (2008). Managing Reproductive Efficiency. Babcock Institute, Babcock Institute for International Dairy Research and Development Dairy Essentials, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA. https://babcock.cals.wisc.edu/downloads/de/13.en.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 24.06.2023).
  • Westwood, C.T., Lean, I.J., & Garvin, J.K. (2002). Factors influencing fertility of Holstein dairy cows: A multivariate description. Journal of Dairy Science, 85, 3225-3237.
  • Wright, I.A., & Russel, J.F. (1984). Partition of fat, body composition and body condition score in mature cows. Animal Production, 38, 23-31.

Siyah Alaca ineklerde buzağılama sonrası vücut kondisyonu ile döl verim özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiler

Yıl 2024, , 14 - 28, 08.04.2024
https://doi.org/10.37908/mkutbd.1349091

Öz

Bu çalışmada, 55 baş Siyah Alaca ırkı inekte buzağılama sonrası vücut kondisyonu ile döl verim özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiştir. İnekler, vücut kondisyon puanlarına (VKP) göre birinci (VKP<3) ve ikinci grup (VKP≥3) olmak üzere iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Birinci ve ikinci inek gruplarında buzağılama sonrası 1. aydaki vücut kondisyon puanı (BS1: 2.82, 3.36); buzağılama sonrası 5. aydaki vücut kondisyon puanı (BS5: 3.21, 3.57); kuru dönem ile buzağılama sonrası ilk 1. ay arasındaki vücut kondisyon puanındaki düşüş (DÜŞÜŞ: 1.23, 0.80), laktasyonun 1. ve 5. ay arasındaki vücut kondisyon puanındaki artış (ARTIŞ1: 0.39, 0.21); laktasyonun 1. ve 7. ay arasındaki vücut kondisyon puanındaki artış (ARTIŞ2: 0.93, 0.64) ve gruplar arasındaki farklılıklar istatistiki olarak önemli (p<0.05) bulunmuştur. Birinci ve ikinci grup ineklerde ilk kızgınlık süresi (İKS), servis periyodu (SP), gebelik başına tohumlama sayısı (GBTS) ve ilk tohumlamada gebe kalma oranı (İTGKO) sırasıyla; 43.55, 38.30 gün; 88.83, 77.31 gün; 2.21, 1.73 adet ve %54.88, %69.87 olarak belirlenmiştir. Buzağılama sonrası 1. aydaki vücut kondisyon puanı (BS1) ile kuru dönem ve buzağılama sonrası 1. ay arasındaki VKP’deki düşüş (DÜŞÜŞ) ile İKS, GBTS, İTGKO, SP ve GKO60 (buzağılama sonrası 60. günde gebe kalma oranı) arasında negatif yönde önemli korelasyonlar tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları, buzağılama sırasında orta düzeyde vücut kondisyonuna sahip olan ineklerde döl verim performansının daha iyi durumda olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.

Destekleyen Kurum

Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü

Proje Numarası

Proje No: 353

Teşekkür

Bu araştırma, Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü tarafından maddi olarak desteklenmiştir (Proje No: 353).

Kaynakça

  • Aeberhard, K., Bruckmaier, R.M., Kuepfer, U., & Blum, J.W. (2001). Milk yield and composition, nutrition, body conformation traits, body condition scores, fertility and diseases in high yielding dairy cows. Part 1, Journal of Veterinary Medicine. A, Physiology, Pathology, Clinical Medicine, 48 (2), 97-110. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0442.2001.00292.x
  • Bayram, B., Aksakal, V., & Akbulut, Ö. (2012). Effect of the body condition score on some reproduction and milk yield traits of Swedish Red and White cows. The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences, 22 (3), 545-551.
  • Burke, J.M., De La Sota, R.L., Risco, C.A., Staples, C.R., Schmitt, E.J.P., & Thatcher, W.W. (1996). Evaluation of timed insemination using a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist in lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 79 (8), 1385-1393. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(96)76496-2
  • Butler, W.R., & Smith, R.D. (1989). Interrelationships between energy balance and postpartum reproductive function. Journal of Dairy Science, 72 (3), 767-783. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(89)79169-4
  • Butler, W.R. (2003). Energy balance relationship between the follicular development, ovulation and fertility in postpartum dairy cows. Livestock Production Science, 83 (2-3), 211-218. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-6226(03)00112-X
  • Byers, D.I. (1999). Practical on-farm suggestions for managing body condition, dry matter intake for optimum production, reproduction and health. https://www.wcds.ca/proc/1999/Manuscripts/Chapt%2013%20-%20Byers.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 10.08.2023).
  • Castañeda-Gutiérrez, E., Pelton, S.H., Gilbert, R.O., & Butler, W.R. (2009). Effect of peripartum dietary energy supplementation of dairy cows on metabolites, liver function and reproductive variables. Animal Reproduction Science, 112 (3-4), 301-315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2008.04.028
  • Contreras, L.L., Ryan, C.M., & Overton, T.R. (2004). Effects of dry cow grouping strategy and prepartum body condition score on performance and health of transition dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 87 (2), 517-523. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73191-4
  • Daşkın, A. (2005). Sığırcılık İşletmelerinde Reprodüksiyon Yönetimi ve Suni Tohumlama. Aydan Yayınları, 280 sf., Ankara, Türkiye.
  • Domecq, J.J., Skidmore, A.L., Lloyd, J.W., & Kaneene, J.B. (1997). Relationship between body condition scores and conception at first artificial insemination in large dairy herd of high yielding Holstein cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 80 (1), 113-120. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(97)75918-6
  • Ducrot, C., Gröhn, Y.T., Humblot, P., Bugnord, F., Sulpice, P., & Gilbert, R.O. (1994). Postpartum anestrus in French beef cattle: An epidemiological study. Theriogenology, 42 (5), 753-764. https://doi.org/10.1016/0093-691x(94)90443-m
  • Edmonson, A.J., Lean, I.J., Weaver, L.D., Farver, T., & Webster, G. (1989). A body condition scoring chart for Holstein dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 72 (1), 68-78. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(89)79081-0
  • Encinias, A.M., & Lardy, G. (2000). Body condition scoring: managing your cow herd through body condition scoring. https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/pubs/ansci/beef/as1026.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 09.08.2023).
  • Eversole, D.E., Browne M.F., Hall, J.B., & Dietz R.E. (2000). Body condition scoring beef cows. https://pubs.ext.vt.edu/400/400-795/400-795.html (Erişim Tarihi: 02.08.2023).
  • Fallah, H.A.L. (2022). Body condition score and its association with productive and reproductive performance and health status in dairy cattle: Review Article. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1060, 012069. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1060/1/012069
  • Fassi Fihri, A., Lakhdissi, H., Derqaoui, L., Hajji, K.H, Naciri, M., & Goumari, A. (2005). Genetic and nongenetic effects on the number of ovarian follicles and oocyte yield and quality in the bovine local (Oulmes Zaer), exotic breeds and their crosses in Morocco. African Journal of Biotechnology, 4 (1), 9-13.
  • Ferguson, J.D. (1993). Body condition scoring. Center for Animal Health and Productivity University of Pennsylvania, School of Veterinary Medicine.
  • Ferguson, J.D., & Galligan, D.T. (1993). Reproductive programs in dairy herds. Proc. Central Veterinary Conference, 1, 161-178, Kansas City, MO.
  • Ferguson, J.D., Galligan, D.T., & Thomsen, N. (1994). Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 77 (9), 2695-26703. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77212-X
  • Ferguson, J.D. (1996). Implementation of a body condition scoring program in dairy herds. The Penn Annual Conference, USA.
  • Gallo, L., Carnier, P., Cassandro, M., Mantovani, R., Bailoni, L., Contiero, B., & Bittante, G. (1996). Change in body condition score of Holstein cows as affected by parity and matura equivalent milk yield. Journal of Dairy Science, 79 (6), 1009-1015. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(96)76452-4
  • Gearhart, M.A., Curtis, C.R., Erb, H.N., Smith, R.D., Sniffen, C.J., Chase, L.E., & Cooper, M.D. (1990). Relationship of chances in condition score to cow health in Holsteins. Journal of Dairy Science, 73 (11), 3132-3140. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(90)79002-9
  • Gillund, P., Reksen, O., Grohn, Y.T., & Karlberg, K. (2001). Body condition related to ketosis and reproductive performance in Norwegian dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 84 (6), 1390-1396. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)70170-1
  • Grummer, R.R. (2000). Energy status and reproductive function in dairy cattle. https://www.ibrarian.net/navon/paper/energy_status_and_reproductıve_functıon_ın_daıry_.pdf?paperid=2885454 (Erişim Tarihi: 08.08.2023).
  • Hady, P.J., Domecq, J.J., & Kaneene, J.B. (1994). Frequency and precision of body condition scoring in dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science, 77 (6), 1543-1547. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77095-8
  • Heuer, C., Schukken, Y.H., & Dobbelaar P. (1999). Postpartum body condition score and results from the first test day milk as predictors of disease fertility, yield, and culling in commercial dairy herds. Journal of Dairy Science, 82 (2), 295-304. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(99)75236-7
  • Hwa, K., & Gook-Hyun, S. (2003). Effect of the amount of body condition loss from the dry to near calving periods on the subsequent body condition change, occurrence of postpartum diseases, metabolic parameters and reproductive performance in Holstein dairy cows. Theriogenology, 60 (8), 1445-1456. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0093-691x(03)00135-3
  • Jilek, F., Pytloun, P., Kubešova, M., Štipkova, M., Bouška, J., Volek, J., Frelich, J., & Rajmon, R. (2008). Relationships among body condition score, milk yield and reproduction in Czech Fleckvieh cows. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 53 (9), 357-367.
  • Jorritsma, R., Wensing, T., Kruip, T.A., Vos, P.L., & Noordhuizen, J.P. (2003). Metabolic changes in early lactation and impaired reproductive performance in dairy cows. Veterinary Research, 34, 11-26. https://doi.org/10.1051/vetres:2002054
  • Loeffler, S.H., De Vries, M.J., Schukken, Y.H., De Zeeuw, A.C., Dijkhuizen, A.A., Graaf, F.M., & Brand, A. (1999). Use of AI technician scores for body condition, uterine tone and uterine discharge in a model with disease and milk production parameters to predict pregnancy risk at first AI in Holstein dairy cows. Theriogenelogy, 51 (7), 1267-1284. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-691X(99)00071-0
  • Lopez-Gatius, F., Yaniz, J., & Madriles-Helm, D. (2003). Effect of body condition score and change on the reproductive performance of dairy cows: a meta-analysis. Theriogenelogy, 59 (3-4), 801-812. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0093-691x(02)01156-1
  • Linn, J. (1991). Feeding for optimal reproductive performance in high-producing dairy cows. In: Breeding for Profit in the 90’s. Cooperative Extension Services, Iowa State University, USA.
  • Mangione, D.A. (2001). Scoring cows can improve profits. Ohio State University Extension Fact Sheet Department of Animal Sciences 2029 Fyffe Road, Columbus, Ohio 43210-1095. https://ohioline.osu.edu/l292/ (Erişim Tarihi: 04.07.2023).
  • Markusfeld, O., Galon, N., & Ezra, E. (1997). Body condition score, health, yield and fertility in dairy cows. Veterinary Record, 141, 67-72. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.141.3.67
  • Meikle, A., Kulcsar, M., Chillard, Y,. Febel, H., Delavaud, C., Cavestany, D., & Chilibroste, P. (2004). Effect of Parity and Body Condition at Parturition on Endocrine and Reproductive Parameters of the Cow. Society for Reproduction and Fertility. ISSN 1470-1626.
  • Montiel, F., & Ahuja C. (2005). Body condition and suckling as factors influencing the duration of postpartum anestrus in cattle. Animal Reproduction Science, 85, 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2003.11.001
  • Montiel-Olguín, L.J., Ruiz-López, F.J., Mellado, M., Estrada-Cortés, E., Gómez-Rosales, S., Elton-Puente, J.E., & Vera-Avila, H.R. (2019). Body condition score and milk production on conception rate of cows under a small-scale dairy system. Animals, 9, 800, https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9100800
  • Moreira, F., Risco, C., Pires, M.F.A., Ambrose, J.D., Drost, M., Delorenzo, M., & Thatcher, W.W. (2000). Effect of body condition on reproductive efficiency of lactating dairy cows receiving a timed insemination. Theriogenology, 53, 1305-1309. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0093-691x(00)00274-0
  • Morrison, D.G., Spitzer, J.C., & Perkins, J.L. (1999). Influence of prepartum body condition score change on reproduction in multiparous beef cows calving in moderate body condition. Journal of Animal Science, 77, 1048-1054. https://doi.org/10.2527/1999.7751048x
  • Mouffok, C., Madani, T., Smara, L., Baitiche, M., Allouche, L., & Belkasmi, F. (2011). Relationship between body condition score, body weight, some nutritional metabolites changes in blood and reproduction in Algerian Montbeliard cows. Veterinary World, 4 (10), 461-466. https://doi.org/10.5455/vetworld.2011.461-466
  • Nazhat, S.A., Aziz, A., Zabuli, J., & Rahmati, S. (2021). Importance of body condition scoring in reproductive performance of dairy cows: A review. Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 11, 272-288.
  • Parker, R. (1994). Using body condition scoring in dairy herd management. https://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/livestock/dairy/facts/94-053.htm (Erişim Tarihi:19.07.2023).
  • Pennington, J.A. (2004). Body condition scoring with dairy cattle. University of Arkansas, United States Department of Agriculture and County Governments Cooperating. https://www.uaex.edu/publications/pdf/FSA-4008.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 19.07.2023).
  • Rastani, R.R., Andrew, S.M., Zinn, S.A., & Sniffen, C.J. (2001), Body composition and estimated tissue energy balance in jersey and Holstein cows during early lactation. Journal of Dairy Science, 841201, 1209. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)74581-X
  • Richards, M.W., Spitzer, J.C., & Werner, M.B. (1986). Effect of varying levels of postpartum nutrition and body condition at calving on subsequent reproductive performance in beef cattle. Journal of Animal Science, 62, 300-306. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1986.622300x
  • Ruegg, P.L., & Milton, R.L. (1995). Body condition scores of Holstein cows on Prince Edward Island, Canada: relationships with yield, reproductive performance, and disease. Journal of Dairy Science, 78, 552-564. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(95)76666-8
  • Santos, J.E., Rutigliano, H.M., & Filho, M.F. (2009). Risk factors for resumption of postpartum estrous cycles and embryonic survival in lactating dairy cows. Animal Reproduction Science, 110, 207-221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2008.01.014
  • Short, R.E., Bellows, R.A., Staigmiller, R.B., Berardinelli, J.G., & Custer, E.E. (1990). Physiological mechanisms controlling anestrus and fertility in postpartum beef cattle. Journal of Animal Science, 68, 799-816. https://doi.org/10.2527/1990.683799x
  • Smith, R.D., Oltenacu, P.A., & Erb, H.N. (2007). The economics of improved reproductive performance. https://www.wvu.edu/~exten/infores/pubs/livepoul/dirm17.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 19.07.2023).
  • Spitzer, J.C., Morrison, D.G., Wettemann, R.P., & Faulkner, L.C. (1995). Reproductive responses and calf birth and weaning weights as affected by body condition at parturition and postpartum weight gain in primiparous beef cows. Journal of Animal Science, 73, 1251-1257. https://doi.org/10.2527/1995.7351251x
  • SPSS. SPSS for Windows, Version 18. SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL., USA, 2015.
  • Tapkı, İ., Önal, A.G., & Ünalan, A. (2005a). Siyah alaca ineklerde kuru dönem vücut kondisyonunun buzağı doğum ağırlığı, üreme özellikleri ile süt verimi ve kompozisyonu üzerine etkisi. 1. Buzağı doğum ağırlığı ve üreme özellikleri. MKÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 10 (1-2), 47-54.
  • Tapkı, İ., Önal, A.G., & Ünalan, A. (2005b). Siyah alaca ineklerde kuru dönem vücut kondisyonunun buzağı doğum ağırlığı, üreme özellikleri ile süt verimi ve kompozisyonu üzerine etkisi 2. Süt verimi ve kompozisyonu. MKÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 10 (1-2), 55-62.
  • Varışlı, Ö., & Tekin N. (2011). Holştayn ırkı ineklerde vücut kondisyon skorunun fertilite ve bazı reprodüktif parametrelere etkisi. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 58, 94-115.
  • Yaylak, E. (2003). Siyah alaca ineklerde döl verimi özelliklerine vücut kondisyon puanının etkisi. Hayvansal Üretim, 44, 44-51.
  • Waltner, S.S., McNamara, J.P., & Hillers, J.K. (1993). Relationships of body condition score to production variables in high producing Holstein dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science, 76, 3410-3419.
  • Wattiaux, M.A. (1996). Reproduction and Genetic Selection. The Babcock Institute University of Wisconsin, 240 Agriculture Hall, 1450 Linden Drive Madison WI 5370-1562. 161, USA.
  • Wattiaux, M.A. (1999). Body condition scores. https://babcock.wisc.edu/node/170 (Erişim Tarihi: 18.10.2023).
  • Wattiaux, M.A. (2008). Managing Reproductive Efficiency. Babcock Institute, Babcock Institute for International Dairy Research and Development Dairy Essentials, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA. https://babcock.cals.wisc.edu/downloads/de/13.en.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 24.06.2023).
  • Westwood, C.T., Lean, I.J., & Garvin, J.K. (2002). Factors influencing fertility of Holstein dairy cows: A multivariate description. Journal of Dairy Science, 85, 3225-3237.
  • Wright, I.A., & Russel, J.F. (1984). Partition of fat, body composition and body condition score in mature cows. Animal Production, 38, 23-31.
Toplam 61 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Hayvansal Üretim (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Şahin Tüfenk 0009-0006-0451-8167

İbrahim Tapkı 0000-0002-4552-6941

Proje Numarası Proje No: 353
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 14 Mart 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi 8 Nisan 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 24 Ağustos 2023
Kabul Tarihi 28 Eylül 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024

Kaynak Göster

APA Tüfenk, Ş., & Tapkı, İ. (2024). Siyah Alaca ineklerde buzağılama sonrası vücut kondisyonu ile döl verim özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiler. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 29(1), 14-28. https://doi.org/10.37908/mkutbd.1349091

22740137731737513771 13774 15432 1813713775 14624 15016 i2or 1857924881download