Doğu Anadolu koşullarında Nigella sativa L. ve Nigella damascena L.’nın farklı ekim zamanlarında verim ve kalite özelliklerinin araştırılması

Öz

Çörekotu bitkisinin değeri farmakolojik özelliklerinden dolayı her geçen gün artmaktadır. Ekonomik açıdan en yaygın olan türler çörekotu (Nigella sativa L.) ve Şam çörekotu (Nigella damascena L.)’dur. Bu çalışma Doğu Anadolu koşullarında çörekotu (Nigella sativa L.) ve Şam çörekotu (Nigella damascena L.) türlerinin farklı ekim zamanlarında verim ve kalite özelliklerini belirlemek amacı ile 2022 yılında yürütülmüştür. Deneme bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre 3 tekrarlamalı olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. İncelenen özellikler bakımından her iki türde bitki boyu 25.5 - 36.0 cm, dal sayısı 3.70 - 6.23 adet/bitki, kapsül sayısı 4.7 - 17.9 adet/bitki, kapsüldeki tohum sayısı 27.67 - 77.73 adet, 1000 tane ağırlığı 1.72 - 2.97 g, tohum verimi 584 - 1282 kg ha-1, sabit yağ oranı % 13.24 - 23.40 sabit yağ verimi 84.9 - 284.7 kg ha-1, uçucu yağ oranı % 0.18 - 0.54 uçucu yağ verimi % 01.43 - 6.77 kg ha-1 aralığında tespit edilmiştir. Çörekotu incelenen tüm bitkisel ve tarımsal özellikler yönünden Şam çörekotuna göre üstünlük göstermiştir. Ekim zamanı olarak en iyi sonuçlar çörekotunda 1. Ekim (25 Nisan), şam çörekotunda ise 3. Ekim (25 Mayıs) zamanından elde edilmiştir. Her iki tür dekara tohum verimi ve sabit yağ oranı bakımından farklılık göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çörekotu
• ekim zamanı
• Nigella sp.
• sabit-uçucu yağ oranı
• tohum verimi.

Investigation of yield and quality characteristics of Nigella sativa L. and Nigella damascena L. at different sowing times in Eastern Anatolia conditions, Türkiye

Öz

The value of the black cumin plant is increasing daily due to its pharmacological properties. The most economically widespread species are Nigella sativa L. and Nigella damascena L. This study was conducted in 2022 to determine the yield and quality characteristics of Nigella sativa L. and Nigella damascena L. at different sowing times under the Eastern Anatolia conditions. The experiment was conducted using a split-plot design with three replications. In terms of examined traits, plant height was determined as 25.5 - 36.0 cm, number of branches per plant as 3.70 - 6.23, number of capsules per plant as 4.7 - 17.9, number of seeds per capsule as 27.67 - 77.73, 1000-grain weight as 1.72 - 2.97 g, seed yield as 584 - 1282 kg ha-1, oil ratio as 13.24 - 23.40 %, oil yield as 84.9 - 284.7 kg ha-1, essential oil ratio as 0.18 - 0.54 % and essential oil yield as 1.43 - 6.77 kg ha-1. Black cumin was superior to Damascus black cumin in terms of all examined botanical and agronomic traits The best sowing time for N. sativa was the first sowing (April 25), while for N. damascena it was the third sowing (May 25). Both species showed differences in seed and oil yields.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Black cumin
• fixed-essential oil rate
• Nigella sp.
• seed yield
• sowing time.

Kaynakça

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