Biyolojik ve kimyasal uygulamaların asma fidanlarında Neofusicoccum parvum’un latent enfeksiyonu ve endofitik fungal mikrobiyom popülasyonu üzerine etkileri

Öz

Neofusicoccum parvum, asma fidanlıklarında bitki ölümlerine yol açan virülent bir fungal patojendir. Bu çalışma, bazı biyolojik ve kimyasal uygulamaların asma fidanlarının endofitik mikoflorası ve kök kuru ağırlığı üzerindeki etkilerini ve N. parvum’un neden olduğu içsel nekrozu azaltma potansiyelini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Dormant asma kalemlerinin (cv 1103 Paulsen) başlangıç ve sezon sonu mikoflorası morfolojik ve mikroskobik olarak cins düzeyinde; patojen funguslar PCR-gen sekanslama ile tür düzeyinde tanımlanmıştır. N. parvum inokulasyonu sonrası saksılara dikilen çeliklere biyolojik ve kimyasal ürünler sezon boyunca üç kez topraktan ve püskürtme yoluyla uygulanmıştır. Dört ay sonra içsel doku nekroz uzunlukları ve kök kuru ağırlıkları ölçülmüştür. Tüm ticari ürünler kontrole göre içsel mikoflora yoğunluğunu azaltmıştır. Biyolojik gübre ve mikoriza uygulanan fidanlarda Clonostachys, Trichoderma ve Trichothecium gibi yararlı endofitlerin re-izolasyon oranları artmıştır. Tüm uygulamalar N. parvum kaynaklı lezyon uzunluğunu istatistiksel olarak düşürmüş, en etkilisi her iki denemede sırasıyla %90.3 ve %70.5 azalım sağlayan mikoriza olmuştur. Mikoriza inokulasyonunun dikim sırasında veya köklenme ardından, mikrobiyal gübrelerin dikimle birlikte ve sonraki gübrelemelerde, fungisitlerin yeşil aksama en az üç kez püskürtülerek uygulanması önerilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fungisit
• Mikoriza
• Mikrobiyal gübre
• Solucan gübresi
• Vitis vinifera L.

Destekleyen Kurum

Çukurova Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü

Proje Numarası

FYL-2024-16604

Etik Beyan

Bu makalede insan veya hayvan deneklerle herhangi bir çalışma bulunmaması nedeniyle etik onaya gerek duyulmamaktadır.

Teşekkür

Bu çalışma Çukurova Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü (FYL-2024-16604 nolu proje) tarafından finansal olarak desteklenmiştir.

Effects of biological and chemical treatments on the latent infections of Neofusicoccum parvum and the endophytic fungal microbiome population in grapevine seedlings

Öz

Neofusicoccum parvum is a virulent fungal pathogen causing plant mortality in grapevine nurseries. This study aimed to determine the effects of some biological and chemical applications on the endophytic mycoflora and root dry weight of grapevine saplings, as well as their potential to reduce internal necrosis caused by N. parvum. The initial and end-of-season mycoflora in the internal tissues of dormant grapevine cuttings (cv 1103 Paulsen) were identified morphologically and microscopically at the genus level, while pathogenic fungi were identified at the species level using PCR-gene sequencing. Following N. parvum inoculation, cuttings were planted in pots, and biological and chemical products were applied three times during the season via soil drenching and foliar spraying. Four months after planting, internal tissue necrosis lengths and root dry weights were measured. All commercial products reduced the density of the internal mycoflora compared to the control. In saplings treated with biofertilizer and mycorrhiza, re-isolation rates of beneficial endophytes such as Clonostachys, Trichoderma and Trichothecium increased. All treatments statistically reduced the lesion length caused by N. parvum, with mycorrhiza being the most effective, reducing lesion length by 90.3% and 70.5% in the two trials, respectively. Mycorrhiza inoculation during planting or immediately after rooting, microbial fertilizers at planting and in subsequent fertilizations, and fungicides sprayed on green tissues at least three times are recommended as the most appropriate application methods.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fungicide
• Mycorrhizae
• Microbial fertilizer
• Vermicompost
• Vitis vinifera L.

Destekleyen Kurum

Çukurova University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Office

Proje Numarası

FYL-2024-16604

Etik Beyan

This article does not require ethical approval as it does not involve any studies with human or animal subjects.

Teşekkür

This study was financially supported by the Çukurova University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Office (project number FYL-2024-16604).

Kaynakça

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