Bazı Lamiaceae uçucu yağlarının belirli yabancı otlar ve hıyar (Cucumis sativus) bitkisinde tohum çimlenmesi ve kök uzaması üzerindeki doz-tepki analizi ve seçicilik indeksleri

Öz

Sentetik herbisitlerin yoğun kullanımı, ciddi çevresel sorunlara ve dirençli yabancı ot biyotiplerinin hızla gelişmesine yol açarak çevre dostu biyo-herbisitlerin geliştirilmesini zorunlu kılmaktadır. Bu çalışma, Lamiaceae familyasına bağlı Origanum, Thymus, Lavandula ve Rosmarinus cinsine ait bitkilerinin uçucu yağının, tarım alanlarında önemli sorun oluşturan dört yabancı ot türü (Amaranthus palmeri, Portulaca oleracea, Chenopodium album, Solanum nigrum) ve bir kültür bitkisi olan hıyar (Cucumis sativus) üzerindeki fitotoksik potansiyelini ve fizyolojik seçiciliğini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır. Çalışmalarda tohum çimlenmesi ve kök uzaması üzerine elde edilen veriler log-lojistik doz-tepki modelleri (LC50), Selektivite İndeksi (SI) ve Temel Bileşenler Analizi (PCA) kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Denemeler sonucunda, doz artışına bağlı olarak uçucu yağların tohumların çimlenmesini engelleyici etkileri ortaya çıkmış; Pearson korelasyonu sonucunda ise uçucu yağ dozu ile kök uzunluğu arasında yüksek düzeyde negative bir ilişki (r = -0.92) belirlenmiştir. Origanum uçucu yağı, yabancı ot çimlenmesini %50 (LC50) oranında engellemek için yalnızca 0.37–1.58 µl/petri doza ihtiyaç duyarak yüksek fitotoksik etki göstermiştir. Buna karşılık, hıyar tüm uçucu yağlara karşı çok yüksek oranda tolerans göstermiştir. Selektivite analizi sonucunda Origanum uçucu yağı, SI > 2 güvenlik eşiğinin çok üzerinde değerler (SI: 10.13–43.24) üreterek en geniş güvenlik aralığını sunan uygulama olarak öne çıkmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biyo-herbisit
• Selektivite İndeksi (SI)
• Log-lojistik model
• Doz-tepki

Dose-response analysis and selectivity ındices of certain Lamiaceae essential oils on seed germination and root elongation in selected weeds and cucumber (Cucumis sativus)

Öz

The intensive use of synthetic herbicides has led to severe environmental issues and the rapid evolution of resistant weed biotypes, making the development of eco-friendly bioherbicides imperative. This study aimed to evaluate the phytotoxic potential and physiological selectivity of essential oils extracted from plants belonging to the Origanum, Thymus, Lavandula, and Rosmarinus genera of the Lamiaceae family on four major agricultural weed species (Amaranthus palmeri, Portulaca oleracea, Chenopodium album, Solanum nigrum) and a crop species, cucumber (Cucumis sativus). Data obtained on the seed germination and root elongation were analyzed using log-logistic dose-response models (LC50), Selectivity Index (SI), and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Experimental results revealed that the inhibitory effects of the essential oils on seed germination increased dose-dependently; furthermore, Pearson correlation analysis indicated a highly negative relationship (r = -0.92) between essential oil dose and root length. Origanum essential oil exhibited the highest phytotoxic effect, requiring only 0.37–1.58 µl/petri to inhibit weed germination by 50% (LC50). In contrast, the crop plant, cucumber, demonstrated a remarkably high tolerance to all tested oils. Selectivity analysis revealed that Origanum essential oil provided the widest safety margin, producing values (SI: 10.13–43.24) well above the safety threshold of SI > 2.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bio-herbicide
• Selectivity Index (SI)
• Log-logistic model
• Dose-response

Kaynakça

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