Araştırma Makalesi
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Bayat, Çorum, tarım alanlarının verimlilik parametrelerinin yersel değişkenliğinin belirlenmesi

Yıl 2020, , 443 - 454, 18.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.37908/mkutbd.753778

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Çorum ili Bayat ilçesine ait Kızılırmak kıyısında kalan bazı tarım alanlarında toprak verimlilik parametrelerinin yersel değişkenliğini grit yöntemiyle alınan kompozit toprak örneklerinde yapılan analizlerle belirlemek ve haritalamaktır. 

Yöntem ve Bulgular: Kompozit yüzey toprağı örnekleri 700x700 m mesafeyle oluşturulan gritlerin kesişim noktalarından alınmıştır. Topraklarda pH, EC, kireç (%), organik madde (%), toplam azot, yarayışlı fosfor, değişebilir Ca, K ve Na ve toprak bünyesi gibi parametreler belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra bu parametrelerin yersel değişkenliği kriging yöntemiyle modellenerek yersel değişim haritaları oluşturulmuştur.

Genel Yorum: İncelenen parametrelerden K, Na, P, N, kireç, pH, kil ve kumun mesafeye bağımlı bir değişiklik gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Diğer parametreler ise nugget model göstermiştir. Toprakların genelinde fosfor yetersizliği gözlenmiştir. pH ve EC’nin çalışma alanında önemli bir problem oluşturmadığı gözlenmiştir, fakat zamanla güney batı kesimlerinde yıkanmaya bağlı tuzluluk riski bulunmaktadır. 

Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: Topraklarda yersel değişkenliğin bilinmesi girdi kullanımının daha etkin olmasını ve tarımsal uygulamaların çevreye duyarlı olmasını sağlamaktadır.

Destekleyen Kurum

Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Komisyonu

Proje Numarası

227

Teşekkür

Bu Çalışma Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Komisyonunca Desteklenmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Alpaslan M, Güneş A, İnal A (2005). Deneme Tekniği. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları No: 1501, 437 s.
  • Alves L A, Denardin LGD, Martins AP, Anghinoni I, Carvalho PCD, Tiecher T (2019) Soil acidification and P, K, Ca and Mg budget as affected by sheep grazing and crop rotation in a long-term integrated crop-livestock system in southern Brazil. Geoderma 351:197-208.
  • Anonim (2009) Çorum Valiliği İl Tarım Müdürlüğü Çorum’da Tarım 2009 Yıllığı. Çorum.
  • Anonim (2010) Çorum İli Tarım Master Planı. Çorum.
  • Behera SK, Mathur RK, Shukla AK, Suresh K, Prakash C (2018) Spatial variability of soil properties and delineation of soil management zones of oil palm plantations grown in a hot and humid tropical region of southern India Catena 165:251-259.
  • Castrignano A, Goovaerts P, Lulli L, Bragato G (2000) A geostatistical approach to estimate probability of occurrence of Tuber melanosporum in relation to some soil properties. Geoderma 98: 95-113.
  • Cheng, Y T, Li P, Xu GC, Li ZB, Gao HD, Zhao BH, Wang T, Wang FC, Cheng SD (2018) Effects of soil erosion and land use on spatial distribution of soil total phosphorus in a small watershed on the Loess Plateau, China. Soil Till. Res. 184:142-152.
  • Cheng, QL, Guo YJ, Wang WL, Hao SL (2014) Spatial variation of soil quality and pollution assessment of heavy metals in cultivated soils of Henan Province, China. Chem. Spec. Bioavailab. 26(3):184-190.
  • Cox MS, Gerard PD, Wardlaw MC, Abshire MJ (2003). Variability of selected soil properties and their relationships with soybean yield. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 67(4):1296-1302.
  • de Oliveira JC, Souza LCD, Melo VD (2010) Variability of soil physical and chemical properties in different plot divisions of the Guabirotuba formation. Rev. Bras. Cien. Solo 34:1491-1502.
  • Dobermann A, Goovaerts P George T (1995) Sources of soil variation in an acid ultisol of the Philippines. Geoderma 68: 173-191.
  • Duan, LX, Li ZW, Xie HX, Li ZM, Zhang L, Zhou Q (2020) Large-scale spatial variability of eight soil chemical properties within paddy fields. Catena 188:104350.
  • Gama Design Software (2008) Geostatistics for Environmental Science. Plainwell, Michigan, USA.
  • Goderya FS (1998) Field scale variations in soil properties for spatially variable control: A review. J. Soil Contam. 7: 243-264.
  • Hamlett JM, Horton R, Cressie NAC (1986) Resistant and exploratory techniques for use in semivariogram analysis. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 50: 868–875.
  • Heijting S, de Bruin S, Bregt AK (2011) The arable farmer as the assessor of within-field soil variation. Prec. Agric. 12: 488–507.
  • Huang HB, Ouyang W, Wu HT, Liu HB, Andrea C (2017) Long-term diffuse phosphorus pollution dynamics under the combined influence of land use and soil property variations. Sci Total Environ. 579:1894-1903.
  • Huang B, Sun WX, Zhao YC, Zhu J, Yang RQ, Zou Z, Ding F, Su JP (2007) Temporal and spatial variability of soil organic matter and total nitrogen in an agricultural ecosystem as affected by farming practices. Geoderma 139: 336-345.
  • Journel AD, Huijbregts CJ (1978) Mining Geostatistics. Academic Press, London.
  • Kacar B (2012) Toprak Analizleri. Nobel Yayınevi, Ankara.
  • Kacar B (2013) Temel Gübre Bilgisi. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık, Ankara.
  • Kara EE, Erel A, Uygur V (2006) The effects of composted poultry wastes on nitrogen mineralization and biological activity in a silt loam soil. J. Appl. Sci. 6(11): 2476-2480.
  • Lark RM (2002) Optimized spatial sampling of soil for estimation of the variogram by maximum likelihood. Geoderma 105: 49-80.
  • Manning G, Fuller LG, Eilers RG, Florinsky I (2001) Soil moisture and nutrient variation within an undulating Manitoba landscape. Can. J. Soil Sci. 81: 449-458.
  • Miheretu BA, Yimer AA (2018) Spatial variability of selected soil properties in relation to land use and slope position in Gelana sub-watershed, Northern highlands of Ethiopia. Phys Geogr 39(3):230-245.
  • Qiu WW, Curtin D, Johnstone P, Beare M, Hernandez-Ramirez G (2016) Small-scale spatial variability of plant nutrients and soil organic matter: an arable cropping case study. Commun. Soil Sci. Plan. 47(19): 2189-2199.
  • Rhoades JD, 1982 Cation exchange capacity, In: Methods of Soil Analysis Part 2 Chemical and Microbiological Properties, Second Edition, Agronomy No: 9, Part 2, P: 149-157.
  • Rockstrom J, Barron J, Brouwer J, Galle S, de Rouw A (1999) On-farm spatial and temporal variability of soil and water in pearl millet cultivation. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 63:1308-1319.
  • Romic D, Romic M, Zovko M, Bakic H, Ondrasek G (2012) Trace metals in the coastal soils developed from estuarine floodplain sediments in the Croatian Mediterranean region. Environ. Geochem. Hlth. 34(4): 399-416.
  • Sarmadian F, Keshavarzi A, Malekian A (2010) Continuous mapping of topsoil calcium carbonate using geostatistical techniques in a semi-arid region. Aust. J Crop Sci. 56(5): 693-704.
  • Sawant SS, Nagaraju MSS, Srivastava R, Prasad J, Nasre RA, Mohekar DS (2018) Mapping of spatial variability in soil properties for site-specific nutrient management of Nagpur Mandarin in Central India. Indian J. Hortic. 75(2): 209-217.
  • Sezer S (2013) Bayat, Çorum, tarım alanlarının verimlilik parametrelerinin yersel değişkenliğinin belirlenmesi. Yüksek lisans Tezi, Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi, Fen Bil. Enst., Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme ABD, 53 s.
  • Shahandeh H, Wright AL, Hons FM, Lascano RJ (2005) Spatial and temporal variation of soil nitrogen parameters related to soil texture and corn yield. Agron. J. 97: 772-782.
  • Stein A, Corsten LCA (1991) Universal krigging and cokrigging as regression procedure. Biometrics 47: 575-587.
  • Stenger R, Priesack E, Beese F (2002) Spatial variation of nitrate-N and related soil properties at the plot-scale. Geoderma, 105: 259-275.
  • Usta S (1995) Toprak Kimyası. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, Ankara.
  • Uygur V, Irvem A, Karanlik S, Akis R (2010) Mapping of total nitrogen, available phosphorous and potassium in Amik Plain, Turkey. Environ. Earth Sci. 59(5):1129-1138.
  • Uygur V, Karabatak I (2009) The effect of organic amendments on mineral phosphate fractions in calcareous soils. J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 172(3): 336-345.
  • Vasu D, Singh SK, Sahu N, Tiwary P, Chandran P, Duraisami VP, Ramamurthy V, Lalitha M, Kalaiselvi B (2017) Assessment of spatial variability of soil properties using geospatial techniques for farm level nutrient management. Soil Till. Res. 169:25-34.
  • Voortman RL, Brouwer J, Albersen PJ (2004) Characterization of spatial soil variability and its effect on Millet yield on Sudano-Sahelian coversands in SW Niger. Geoderma 121: 65-82.
  • Wang ZC (1999) Geostatistics and Its Applications in Ecology (in Chinese). Science Press, Beijing, p: 162-192.
  • Wang YQ, Zhang XC, Huang CQ (2009) Spatial variability of soil total nitrogen and soil total phosphorus under different land uses in a small watershed on the Loess Plateau, China. Geoderma 150: 141-149.
  • Webster R, Oliver M (2007) Geostatistics for Environmental Scientists. John Wileys & Sons, Ltd, Sussex, UK.
  • Wu C F, Huang JY, Zhu H, Zhang LM, Minasny B, Marchant B, McBratney AB (2019) Spatial changes in soil chemical properties in an agricultural zone in southeastern China due to land consolidation. Soil Till. Res. 187: 152-160.
  • Yalçın M (2012) Amik Ovası'nda tuzlulukla ilgili toprak özelliklerinin yersel ve zamansal değişiminin jeoistatistik yöntemlerle araştırılması. Doktora Tezi, Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi, Fen Bil. Enst., Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Anabilim Dalı, 146 s.

Determination of spacial variability of soil fertility parameters in ag-lands of Bayat District, Çorum

Yıl 2020, , 443 - 454, 18.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.37908/mkutbd.753778

Öz

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine and map the spatial variability of soil fertility parameters in soil samples taken by grit method in some agricultural areas in the vicinity of Kızılırmak river in Bayat district of Çorum.

Methods and Results: Composite surface samples were taken from intersects of the grits assigned at 700x700 m distance. Soil fertility parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable Ca, K, Na and soil textural fractions were determined in the soils. Then, the spatial variability of these parameters was modelled with the kriging methods and spatial maps were generated.

Conclusions: It was determined that K, Na, P, N, carbonate content, pH, clay and sand showed a spatial variation. The rest of the measured parameters had the nugget model. The phosphorus deficiency was observed as a common fertility problem in the soils. It has been revealed that pH and EC do not currently pose a significant problem in the study area, but there was a salinization risk in the South East part due to leaching of soluble salts.

Significance and Impact of the Study: Determination of the spatial variability in the soil ensures better input management and can enable agricultural practices to be more environmentally friendly.

Proje Numarası

227

Kaynakça

  • Alpaslan M, Güneş A, İnal A (2005). Deneme Tekniği. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları No: 1501, 437 s.
  • Alves L A, Denardin LGD, Martins AP, Anghinoni I, Carvalho PCD, Tiecher T (2019) Soil acidification and P, K, Ca and Mg budget as affected by sheep grazing and crop rotation in a long-term integrated crop-livestock system in southern Brazil. Geoderma 351:197-208.
  • Anonim (2009) Çorum Valiliği İl Tarım Müdürlüğü Çorum’da Tarım 2009 Yıllığı. Çorum.
  • Anonim (2010) Çorum İli Tarım Master Planı. Çorum.
  • Behera SK, Mathur RK, Shukla AK, Suresh K, Prakash C (2018) Spatial variability of soil properties and delineation of soil management zones of oil palm plantations grown in a hot and humid tropical region of southern India Catena 165:251-259.
  • Castrignano A, Goovaerts P, Lulli L, Bragato G (2000) A geostatistical approach to estimate probability of occurrence of Tuber melanosporum in relation to some soil properties. Geoderma 98: 95-113.
  • Cheng, Y T, Li P, Xu GC, Li ZB, Gao HD, Zhao BH, Wang T, Wang FC, Cheng SD (2018) Effects of soil erosion and land use on spatial distribution of soil total phosphorus in a small watershed on the Loess Plateau, China. Soil Till. Res. 184:142-152.
  • Cheng, QL, Guo YJ, Wang WL, Hao SL (2014) Spatial variation of soil quality and pollution assessment of heavy metals in cultivated soils of Henan Province, China. Chem. Spec. Bioavailab. 26(3):184-190.
  • Cox MS, Gerard PD, Wardlaw MC, Abshire MJ (2003). Variability of selected soil properties and their relationships with soybean yield. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 67(4):1296-1302.
  • de Oliveira JC, Souza LCD, Melo VD (2010) Variability of soil physical and chemical properties in different plot divisions of the Guabirotuba formation. Rev. Bras. Cien. Solo 34:1491-1502.
  • Dobermann A, Goovaerts P George T (1995) Sources of soil variation in an acid ultisol of the Philippines. Geoderma 68: 173-191.
  • Duan, LX, Li ZW, Xie HX, Li ZM, Zhang L, Zhou Q (2020) Large-scale spatial variability of eight soil chemical properties within paddy fields. Catena 188:104350.
  • Gama Design Software (2008) Geostatistics for Environmental Science. Plainwell, Michigan, USA.
  • Goderya FS (1998) Field scale variations in soil properties for spatially variable control: A review. J. Soil Contam. 7: 243-264.
  • Hamlett JM, Horton R, Cressie NAC (1986) Resistant and exploratory techniques for use in semivariogram analysis. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 50: 868–875.
  • Heijting S, de Bruin S, Bregt AK (2011) The arable farmer as the assessor of within-field soil variation. Prec. Agric. 12: 488–507.
  • Huang HB, Ouyang W, Wu HT, Liu HB, Andrea C (2017) Long-term diffuse phosphorus pollution dynamics under the combined influence of land use and soil property variations. Sci Total Environ. 579:1894-1903.
  • Huang B, Sun WX, Zhao YC, Zhu J, Yang RQ, Zou Z, Ding F, Su JP (2007) Temporal and spatial variability of soil organic matter and total nitrogen in an agricultural ecosystem as affected by farming practices. Geoderma 139: 336-345.
  • Journel AD, Huijbregts CJ (1978) Mining Geostatistics. Academic Press, London.
  • Kacar B (2012) Toprak Analizleri. Nobel Yayınevi, Ankara.
  • Kacar B (2013) Temel Gübre Bilgisi. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık, Ankara.
  • Kara EE, Erel A, Uygur V (2006) The effects of composted poultry wastes on nitrogen mineralization and biological activity in a silt loam soil. J. Appl. Sci. 6(11): 2476-2480.
  • Lark RM (2002) Optimized spatial sampling of soil for estimation of the variogram by maximum likelihood. Geoderma 105: 49-80.
  • Manning G, Fuller LG, Eilers RG, Florinsky I (2001) Soil moisture and nutrient variation within an undulating Manitoba landscape. Can. J. Soil Sci. 81: 449-458.
  • Miheretu BA, Yimer AA (2018) Spatial variability of selected soil properties in relation to land use and slope position in Gelana sub-watershed, Northern highlands of Ethiopia. Phys Geogr 39(3):230-245.
  • Qiu WW, Curtin D, Johnstone P, Beare M, Hernandez-Ramirez G (2016) Small-scale spatial variability of plant nutrients and soil organic matter: an arable cropping case study. Commun. Soil Sci. Plan. 47(19): 2189-2199.
  • Rhoades JD, 1982 Cation exchange capacity, In: Methods of Soil Analysis Part 2 Chemical and Microbiological Properties, Second Edition, Agronomy No: 9, Part 2, P: 149-157.
  • Rockstrom J, Barron J, Brouwer J, Galle S, de Rouw A (1999) On-farm spatial and temporal variability of soil and water in pearl millet cultivation. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 63:1308-1319.
  • Romic D, Romic M, Zovko M, Bakic H, Ondrasek G (2012) Trace metals in the coastal soils developed from estuarine floodplain sediments in the Croatian Mediterranean region. Environ. Geochem. Hlth. 34(4): 399-416.
  • Sarmadian F, Keshavarzi A, Malekian A (2010) Continuous mapping of topsoil calcium carbonate using geostatistical techniques in a semi-arid region. Aust. J Crop Sci. 56(5): 693-704.
  • Sawant SS, Nagaraju MSS, Srivastava R, Prasad J, Nasre RA, Mohekar DS (2018) Mapping of spatial variability in soil properties for site-specific nutrient management of Nagpur Mandarin in Central India. Indian J. Hortic. 75(2): 209-217.
  • Sezer S (2013) Bayat, Çorum, tarım alanlarının verimlilik parametrelerinin yersel değişkenliğinin belirlenmesi. Yüksek lisans Tezi, Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi, Fen Bil. Enst., Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme ABD, 53 s.
  • Shahandeh H, Wright AL, Hons FM, Lascano RJ (2005) Spatial and temporal variation of soil nitrogen parameters related to soil texture and corn yield. Agron. J. 97: 772-782.
  • Stein A, Corsten LCA (1991) Universal krigging and cokrigging as regression procedure. Biometrics 47: 575-587.
  • Stenger R, Priesack E, Beese F (2002) Spatial variation of nitrate-N and related soil properties at the plot-scale. Geoderma, 105: 259-275.
  • Usta S (1995) Toprak Kimyası. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, Ankara.
  • Uygur V, Irvem A, Karanlik S, Akis R (2010) Mapping of total nitrogen, available phosphorous and potassium in Amik Plain, Turkey. Environ. Earth Sci. 59(5):1129-1138.
  • Uygur V, Karabatak I (2009) The effect of organic amendments on mineral phosphate fractions in calcareous soils. J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 172(3): 336-345.
  • Vasu D, Singh SK, Sahu N, Tiwary P, Chandran P, Duraisami VP, Ramamurthy V, Lalitha M, Kalaiselvi B (2017) Assessment of spatial variability of soil properties using geospatial techniques for farm level nutrient management. Soil Till. Res. 169:25-34.
  • Voortman RL, Brouwer J, Albersen PJ (2004) Characterization of spatial soil variability and its effect on Millet yield on Sudano-Sahelian coversands in SW Niger. Geoderma 121: 65-82.
  • Wang ZC (1999) Geostatistics and Its Applications in Ecology (in Chinese). Science Press, Beijing, p: 162-192.
  • Wang YQ, Zhang XC, Huang CQ (2009) Spatial variability of soil total nitrogen and soil total phosphorus under different land uses in a small watershed on the Loess Plateau, China. Geoderma 150: 141-149.
  • Webster R, Oliver M (2007) Geostatistics for Environmental Scientists. John Wileys & Sons, Ltd, Sussex, UK.
  • Wu C F, Huang JY, Zhu H, Zhang LM, Minasny B, Marchant B, McBratney AB (2019) Spatial changes in soil chemical properties in an agricultural zone in southeastern China due to land consolidation. Soil Till. Res. 187: 152-160.
  • Yalçın M (2012) Amik Ovası'nda tuzlulukla ilgili toprak özelliklerinin yersel ve zamansal değişiminin jeoistatistik yöntemlerle araştırılması. Doktora Tezi, Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi, Fen Bil. Enst., Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Anabilim Dalı, 146 s.
Toplam 45 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Ziraat Mühendisliği
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Sinem Sezer Hız 0000-0002-3395-8333

Veli Uygur 0000-0003-3971-7714

Proje Numarası 227
Yayımlanma Tarihi 18 Aralık 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 16 Haziran 2020
Kabul Tarihi 17 Ağustos 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020

Kaynak Göster

APA Sezer Hız, S., & Uygur, V. (2020). Bayat, Çorum, tarım alanlarının verimlilik parametrelerinin yersel değişkenliğinin belirlenmesi. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 25(3), 443-454. https://doi.org/10.37908/mkutbd.753778

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