Farklı malç materyallerinin marul (Lactuca sativa L. Duna) bitkisinin gelişimi ve bazı mineral besin elementleri üzerine etkisi

Yıl 2021, , 489 - 496, 09.08.2021

Hasan Öz , Cennet Yaylacı , İbrahim Erdal

https://doi.org/10.37908/mkutbd.935445

Cited By: 2

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, farklı renk ve özellikte plastik (PE) ve kumaş malzemenin malç malzemesi olarak kullanımının marul bitkisinin gelişimi ve mineral beslenmesine olan etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntemler ve Bulgular: Araştırma, 2018–2019 yıllarında sera koşullarında 2 yıl süre ile yürütülmüştür. Çalışma; 3 farklı PE malç malzemesi, gözenekli kumaş malzeme ile kontrol uygulamalarından oluşturulmuştur. Denemede bitki materyali olarak marul bitkisi yetiştirilmiştir. Yetiştiricilik periyodu sonunda hasat edilen marul bitkisinde kuru ağırlık değerleriyle P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn ve Cu analizleri yapılarak uygulamalar arasındaki farklılıklar ortaya konulmuştur. Her iki yıl için de bitki kuru ağırlığı üzerine kontrol grubunda elde edilen verilerin diğer uygulamalar ile karşılaştırıldığında en etkili malç uygulamaların şeffaf PE malç ile balonlu PE malç uygulamaları olduğu belirlenmiştir. Uygulamaların bitkilerin P ve Ca konsantrasyonuna etkileri her iki yıl için de anlamlı bulunurken, K ve Mg konsantrasyonlarına etkileri sadece bir yıl için anlamlı bulunmuştur. Uygulamaların bitkinin mikro element konsantrasyonları üzerine etkileri her iki yıl için de genellikle önemli bulunmuştur. Kaldırılan besin elementi miktarlarının, yapılan farklı malç uygulamalarına göre değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Genel bir değerlendirme yapılacak olursa, en fazla besin elementi alımının Ş-PE malç ve B-PE malç uygulamaları altında yetişen bitkiler tarafından gerçekleştirildiği görülmüştür.

Genel Yorum: Her iki yıl için marul bitkisinde en yüksek mikro element konsantrasyonları kontrol uygulamasından elde edildiği, diğer uygulamaların bitkinin mikro element konsantrasyonlarına olan etkilerinin ise genellikle benzer oldukları görülmüştür.

Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: Malç uygulamaların bitkinin besin elementi konsantrasyonlarına etkisine yönelik olarak genel bir değerlendirme yapıldığında, daha düşük bitki kuru ağırlık değeri elde edilen malç konularındaki bitkilerin besin elementi konsantrasyonlarının daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. En fazla besin elementi alımı, genellikle şeffaf PE malç ve balonlu PE malç uygulamasında gerçekleşmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Balonlu PE malç, kumaş malç, marul, mineral beslenme

Destekleyen Kurum

-

Proje Numarası

-

Teşekkür

-

Effect of different mulch materials on growth and some mineral nutrients of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. Duna)

Öz

Aims: In this study, it was aimed to determine the effect of the use of plastic (PE) and fabric materials with different colors and properties on the growth and mineral nutrition of lettuce plant.

Methods and Results: The research was conducted for 2 years in greenhouse conditions in 2018-2019. In the study, It consists of 3 different PE mulch material, porous fabric material and control applications. Lettuce plant was grown as a plant material in the experiment. P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, and Cu analyzes were made with the dry weight values of the lettuce plant harvested at the end of the cultivation period and the differences between the applications were revealed. When the data obtained in the control group on plant dry weight for both years were compared with other applications, it was determined that the most effective mulch applications were transparent PE mulch and bubble PE mulch applications. The effects of the treatments on the P and Ca concentrations of the plants were found to be significant for both years, while the effects on the K and Mg concentrations were significant for only one year. The effects of the applications on the micro element concentrations of the plant were generally found to be significant for both years. It has been determined that the amount of nutrients removed varies according to different mulch applications. If a general evaluation is made, it has been observed that the highest intake of nutrients is realized by plants grown under Ş-PE mulch and B-PE mulch applications.

Conclusions: It was observed that the highest lettuce microelement concentrations for both years were obtained from control application, and the effects of the other applications on the micro element concentrations of the plant were generally similar

Significance and Impact of the Study: When a general evaluation was made regarding the effect of mulch applications on nutrient concentrations of the plant, it was seen that the nutrient concentrations of plants with lower plant dry weight values were higher. The highest nutrient uptake was generally seen in transparent PE mulch and bubble PE mulch.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bubble PE mulch, fabric mulch, lettuce, mineral nutrition

Proje Numarası

-

Kaynakça

• Amare G, Desta B (2021) Coloured plastic mulches: impact on soil properties and crop productivity. Chem. Biol. Technol. Agric., 8(4): 1-9.
• Asaduzzaman MD, Shamima S, Arfan MD (2010) Combined effect of mulch materials and organic manure on the growth and yield of lettuce. J. Am. Eu. Agric. Environ. Sci., 9(5): 504-508.
• Cahill A, Chalker-Scott L (2005) Wood-chip mulch improves plant survival and establishment at no-maintenance restoration site (Washington). Ecol. Restor., 23: 212–213.
• Caruso G, Stoleru V, De Pascale S, Cozzolino E, Pannico A, Giordano M, Teliban G, Cuciniello A, Rouphael Y (2019) Production, leaf quality and antioxidants of perennial wall rocket as affected by crop cycle and mulching type. J. Agron., 9: 194-202.
• Decoteau DR, Kasperbauer MJ, Daniels DD, Hunt PG (1988) Plastic mulch color effects on reflected light and tomato plant growth. Sci. Hortic., 34: 169–175.
• Erdal I, Bozkurt MA, Mesut KM, Karaca S, Saglam M (2000) Effects of humic acid and phosphorus applications on growth and phosphorus uptake of corn plant (Zea mays L.) grown in a calcareous soil. Turk J Agric For., 24: 663–668.
• Erdal I, Kaya M, Küçükyumuk Z (2014) Effects of zinc and nitrogen fertilizations on grain yield and some parametters effecting zinc bioavailability in lentil seeds. Legum. Res., 37(1): 55–61.
• Engels C, Marschner H (1992) Root to shoot translocation of macronutrients in relation to shoot demand in maize grown at different root zone temperature. J Plant Nutr. Soil Sci., 155: 121-128.
• Franquera EN (2015) Effects of plastic mulch color on the total soluble solids, total sugars and chlorophyll content of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L). Int. J. Agric. Res., 2: 18–24.
• Ham JM, Kluitenberg GJ, Lamont WJ (1993) Optical properties of plastic mulches affect the field temperature regime. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci., 118: 188–193.
• Hartz TK, Johnstone PR, Williams E, Smith RF (2007) Establishing lettuce leaf nutrient optimum ranges through DRIS analysis. HortScience, 42(1): 143-146.
• Haque MA, Jahiruddin M, Clarke D (2018) Effect of plastic mulch on crop yield and land degradation in south coastal saline soils of Bangladesh. Int. Soil Water Conserv. Res., 6: 317–324.
• Hochmuth G, Maynard D. Vavrina C, Hanlon E (1991) Plant Tissue Analysis and Interpretation for Vegetable Crops in Florida Univ. Florida Special Publication SS-VEC42.
• Ghosh PK, Dayal D, Bandyopadhyay KK, Mohanty M (2006) Evaluation of straw and polythene mulch for enhancing productivity of irrigated summer groundnut. Field Crops Res., 99: 76–86.
• Jarrell WM, Beverly RB (1981) The dilution effect in plant nutrition studies. Adv. Agron., 34: 197-224.
• Jones JB, Wolf B, Mills HA (1992) Plant Analysis Handbook. A Practical Sampling, Preparation, Analysis, and Interpretation Guide. Micro-Macro Publishing, Inc.
• Kaçar B, Katkat V (2007) Bitki Besleme. Nobel Yayın, No:849, 678s.
• Kader MA, Senge M, Mojid MA, Ito K (2017) Recent advances in mulching materials and methods for modifying soil environment. Soil Till Res., 168: 155–166.
• Khazaei I, Salehi R, Kashi A, Mirjalili SM (2013) Improvement of lettuce growth and yield with spacing, mulching and organic fertilizer. Int. J. Agric. Crop Sci., 6(16): 1137-1143.
• Li Q, Li H, Zhang L, Zhang S, Chen Y (2018) Mulching improves yield and water-use efficiency of potato cropping in China: a meta-analysis. Field Crop Res., 221: 50–60.
• Lindsay WL, Norvell WA (1969) Development of a DTPA micronutrient soil test. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proceed. 35: 600-602.
• Ludwick AE (2002) Western Fertilizer Handbook. 9th ed. Interstate Publishers, Inc., Danville.
• Marschner H (1986) Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. Academic Press. London.
• Mendonça SR, Ribeiro MCA, Vital RG, Evangelista ZR, Pontes NC, Nascimento AR (2021) The effect of different mulching on tomato development and yield. Sci. Hortic., 275: 109657.
• Moniruzzaman M (2006) Effects of plant spacing and mulching on yield and profitability of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). J. Agric. Rural Dev., 4(1): 107-111.
• Moreno MM, Cirujeda A, Aibar J, Moreno C (2016) Soil thermal and productive responses of biodegradable mulch materials in a processing tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) crop. Soil Res., 54: 207–215.
• Mutetwa M, Mtaita T (2014) Effects of mulching and fertilizer sources on growth and yield of onion”. JGIASS, 2: 102–106.
• Olsen SR, Cole CV, Watanable FS, Dean LA (1954) Estimation of Available Phosphorus in Soils by Extraction with Sodium Bicarbonate. U. S. Dept. of Agric. Cir. 939, Washington D. C.
• Richards LA. "Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkali Soils." Soil Science 78, 2, 1954.
• Steinmetz Z, Wollmann C, Schaefer M, Buchmann C, David J, Trooger J, Munoz K, Fror O, Schaumann GE (2016) Plastic mulching in agriculture. Trading short-term agronomic benefits for long-term soil degradation? Sci. Total Environ., 550: 690–705.
• Walkley A, Black IA (1934) An examination of the degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter, and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Sci., 37(1): 29-38.
• Wang X, Jia Z, Liang L, Yang B, Ding R, Nie J, Wang J (2016) Impacts of manure application on soil environment, rainfall use efficiency and crop biomass under dryland farming. Sci. Rep., 6: 1–8.
• Yordanova M, Nikolov A (2017) Influence of plant density and mulching on growth and yield of lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. romana L.). Int. J. Agric. Environ. Res., 3(10): 10-14.
• Zangoueinejad R, Kazemeini SA, Ghadiri H, Javanmardi J (2018) Effects of non-living mulches and metribuzin on yield and yield components of tomato (Lycopersicon escolentum cv. CH)”. Iran Agric. Res., 37: 43–48.
• Zhao H, Wang RY, Ma BL, Xiong YC, Qiang SC, Wang CL (2014) Ridge-furrow with full plastic film mulching improves water use efficiency and tuber yields of potato in a semiarid rainfed ecosystem. Field Crops Res., 161: 137–148.