Birinci Basamağa Başvuran Bireylerde Hipertansiyon Risk Faktörleri

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 35, 128 - 135, 31.12.2018

Nuran Şahin Pınar Döner Güner Emre Dirican Erhan Yengil Cahit Özer

https://doi.org/10.17944/mkutfd.471955

Öz

Amaç: Çalışmamızda birinci basamağa başvuran bireylerdeki hipertansiyonun risk faktörlerinin belirlenmesi ve belirlenen faktörlere göre risk katsayılarının bulunması amaçlandı.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Kesitsel tanımlayıcı tipte olan çalışmamızda 2016 yılının Mart ayı içerisinde bir aylık süre zarfında Serinyol, Karaali, Anayazı’daki Aile sağlığı merkezlerine başvuran ve çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 18 yaş üstü hastalara hipertansiyon risk faktörlerini sorgulayan anket uygulandı. Anketler uygulandıktan sonra elde edilen veriler hipertansiyon ile ilişkili olduğu düşünülen risk faktörleri açısından değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Değerlendirmeye alınan 281 hastanın 104’ü (%37) hipertansiyonu olan ve 177’si (%63) hipertansiyonu olmayan hastalardan oluşmaktadır. Çalışmamızda 65’i (%62,5) kadın 39 ‘u (%37,5) erkek olan hipertansiyonlu hastaların yaş ortalaması 47.32 ± 17.41’dir. Hipertansiyonu olmayan 101 (%57,1) kadın 76 (%42,9) erkek katılımcının yaş ortalaması 37.55 ± 13.97’dir. Tek değişkenli analiz sonuçlarına göre hipertansiyon için risk faktörü olduğu belirlenen parametrelerle yapılan lojistik regresyon analizinde Beden Kitle İndeksi (BKİ) (p=0.001, OR:3.707), ek hastalık (diabetes mellitus, kalp hastalığı, kolesterol) varlığı (p=0.002, OR: 6.883) ailede hipertansiyon olması durumu (p=0.001, OR: 2.776), ilaç kullanımı (p=0.545), hastaların yürüyüş yapmaması (p=0,844), beslenme (yağlı-tuzlu) alışkanlığı (p=0.001, OR:1.615) olarak bulunmuştur. 

Sonuç: Hipertansiyon için bulunan risk faktörlerinin kontrol altına alınması ve takip edilmesi kardiovasküler rahatsızlıkları, serebrovasküler rahatsızlıklar vb. gibi birçok hastalığın altında yatan etkenin önüne geçilmesinde önemli rol oynamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Birinci basamak, risk faktörleri, lojistik modeller

Hypertension Risk Factors of Individuals in Primary Care

Öz

Objective: The study was performed to determine the risk factors of hypertension in individuals who have been admitted to the primary purpose of the presence of risk factors and according to specified factors.

Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study all patients over 18 who admit to Serinyol, Karaali, Anayazı Family Health Centers within one-month period in March 2016 were asked to fill in a questionnaire on hypertension risk factors. The data obtained after administered questionnaires were evaluated risk factors thought to be associated with hypertension. 

Results: Of the 281 patients evaluated, 104 (37%) were hypertensive and 177 (63%) were not hypertensive. In our study, 65 (62,5%) were female and 39 'u (37,5%) were male and the average age of 47.32 ± 17:41 hypertensive patients. 101 without hypertension (57,1%) were female and 76 (%42,9) were male, mean age of 37.55 ± 13.97 participants. Univariate analysis results according to the analysis of logistic regression performed with the parameters set to be a risk factor for hypertension, BKİ (p = 0.001, OR: 3.707), comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, heart disease, hypertension, cholesterol) assets (p = 0.002, OR: 6883) family has hypertension (p = 0.001, OR: 2776), use of medications (p = 0.545), not to make walking patients (p = 0.844), feeding (oil-salty) habits (p = 0.001, OR: 1.615), respectively.

Conclusion: Controlling and monitoring the risk factors for hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, etc. It plays an important role in avoiding the underlying factor of many diseases such as.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Primary care, logistic models, risk factors

Kaynakça

• Turnbull F. Blood pressure lower ingtreatment trialists' collaboration. Effects of different blood-pressure lower ingregimens on major cardiovascular events: results of prospectively-designed overviews of randomised trials.Lancet 2003;362:1527-35.
• Egan BM, Zhao Y, Axon RN. US trends in prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension, 1988-2008. Jama 2010;303(20):2043–50.
• Zdrojewski T, Rutkowski M, Bandosz P, Gaciong Z, Jędrzejczyk T, Solnica Bet al. Prevalence and control of cardiovascular risk factors in Poland. Assumptions and objectives of the NATPOL 2011 Survey. Kardiol Pol 2013;71(4):381–92.
• Onat A, Yüksel M, Köroğlu B, Gümrükçüoğlu HA, Aydın M, Cakmak HA et al. Turkish Adult Risk Factor Study Survey 2012: overall and coronary mortality and trends in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Archives Turkish Soc Cardiol 2013;41(5):373–8.
• World Health Organization. A global brief on hypertension: silent killer, global public health crisis: World Health Day 2013. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/79059/W?sequence=1
• World Health Organization (WHO)/International Society of Hypertension (ISH) Statement on Management of Hypertension. Journal of Hypertension 2003;21(11):1983-92
• Arıcı M, Birdane A, Güler K, Yıldız BO, Altun B, Ertürk Ş et al. Turkish hypertension consensus report. Turk Kardiyoloji Dernegi arşivi 2015; 43(4): 402-409.
• Ezzati M, Lopez AD, Rodgers A, Vander Hoorn S, Murray CJ. Comparative Risk Assessment Collaborating Group. Selected major risk factors and global and regional burden of disease. Lancet 2002;360(9343):1347–60.
• Reiner Ž. Sonicki Z. Tedeschi-Reiner E. The perception and knowledge of cardiovascular risk factors among medical students. Croat Med J 2012;53(3):278–84.
• Türk Hipertansiyon ve Böbrek Hastalıkları Derneği. Türk Hipertansiyon Prevalans Çalışması PatenT2. 2012. http://www.turkhipertansiyon.org/prevelans_calismasi_2.php.
• Altun B, Arici M, Nergizoğlu G, Derici U, Karatan O, Turgan C, et al. Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in Turkey (the PatenT study) in 2003. J Hypertens 2005;23(10):1817–23.
• Whelton SP, Chin A, Xin X, He J. Effect of aerobic exercise on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Ann Intern Med. 2002;136 (7):493–503.
• Geleijnse JM. Kok FJ. Grobbee DE. Blood pressure response to changes in sodium and potassium intake: a metaregression analysis of randomised trials. J Hum Hypertens. 2003;17(7):471–80.
• Luma GB, Spiotta R. Hypertension in children and adolescents. Am Fam Physician 2006; 73: 1158-68.
• Banegas JR, López-García E, Dallongeville J, Guallar E, Halcox JP, Borghi C. Achievement of treatment goals for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in clinical practice a cross Europe: the EURIKA study. EurHeart J. 2011;32(17):2143–52.
• Pankova A, Kralikova E, Fraser K, Lajka J, Svacina S, Matoulek M. No difference in hypertension prevalence in smokers. former smokers and non-smokers after adjusting for body mass index and age: a cross-sectional study from the Czech Republic. 2010. Tob Induc Dis 2015;13(1):24.
• Bolinder G, Faire U. Ambulatory 24h blood pressure monitoring in healthy. middle aged smokeless tobacco users. smokers. and nontobacco users. Am J Hypertens 1998; 11: 1153-63.
• Vogt BA, Davis ID. Treatment of hypertension. In Pediatric Nephrology, 5th edition, eds. Avner ED, Harmon WE, Niaudet P. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia. 2004, pp: 1119-220.
• Mendoza-Núñez VM, Sánchez-Rodríguez MA, Correa-Muñoz E. Undernutrition and oxidative stress as risk factors for high blood pressure in older Mexican adults. Ann Nutr Metab 2009; 54: 119-23.
• Rocchini AP, Katch V, Anderson J, Hinderliter J, Becque D, Martin M. Blood pressure in obese adolescents: effect of weight loss. Pediatrics 1988;82: 16–23.