Evaluation of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction Method and Some Conventional Extraction Methods for The Determination of Fatty Acid Content from Peganum harmala L. Seed

Abstract

The seeds of Peganum harmala L. (Syrian rue) (Zygophyllaceae) are commonly known to be “Harmal” or “Uzerlik” among the Turkish people. This study aims to compare with both SC-CO₂ extraction (at constant temperature conditions of 45ºC at 100, 200, 300 and 400 bar pressure) and some conventional extraction methods (ethanol, hexane, and dimethyl ether), and investigate the effects of extracting pressure parameters on SC-CO₂ extraction. As a result of the studies; it has been concluded that the SC-CO₂ extraction method is very advantageous in obtaining fatty acids from the P.harmala L. seed and that the pressure and temperature calibrations of the SC-CO₂ extraction device must be performed. It has been observed that a pressure of 400 bar is suitable for obtaining the highest fatty acid extracts of (C15:0), (C16:1), (C17:0), (C18:3) and saturated fatty, while a pressure of 100 bar is suitable for obtaining the highest fatty acid extracts such as (C14:0), (C18:1), and (C18:2).

Keywords

• Peganum harmala L.,supercritical CO2 extraction

Peganum harmala L. Tohumundan Yağ Asidi İçeriğinin Belirlenmesi için Süperkritik Karbondioksit Ekstraksiyon Yöntemi ve Bazı Geleneksel Ekstraksiyon Yöntemlerinin Karşılaştırılması

Öz

Türk halkı arasında Peganum harmala L. (Suriye rue) (Zygophyllaceae) tohumlarının yaygın olarak “Harmal” veya “Uzerlik” olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, SC-CO₂ ekstraksiyonu ile (100 ° C, 200, 300 ve 400 bar basınçta sabit sıcaklık koşullarında) ve bazı geleneksel ekstraksiyon yöntemleriyle (etanol, heksan ve dimetil eter) karşılaştırmak ve süperkritik ektraksiyon yönteminde basıncın etkisini araştırmaktır. Yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda; SC-CO2 ekstraksiyon yönteminin P.harmala L. tohumundan yağ asitlerinin elde edilmesinde çok avantajlı olduğu ve SC-CO₂ ekstraksiyon cihazının basınç ve sıcaklık kalibrasyonlarının yapılması gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır. En yüksek (C15: 0), (C16: 1), (C17: 0), (C18: 3) ve doymuş yağ oranının elde edilmesi için 400 bar basınç en uygun iken; en yüksek (C14: 0), (C18: 1) ve (C18: 2) elde edilmesi için 100 bar basıncın, en uygun olduğu görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Peganum harmala L.,superkritik CO2 ektraksiyon

Kaynakça

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