Evaluation of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction Method and Some Conventional Extraction Methods for The Determination of Fatty Acid Content from Peganum harmala L. Seed

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2, 293 - 299, 25.12.2018

Remzi Ekinci , Mustafa Fatih Genişel , Fatih Mehmet Kılınç Sedat Kaya , Ahmet Onay

Öz

The
seeds of Peganum harmala L. (Syrian rue) (Zygophyllaceae) are commonly known to
be “Harmal” or “Uzerlik” among the Turkish people. This study aims to compare with both SC-CO₂ extraction
(at constant temperature conditions of 45ºC at 100, 200, 300 and 400 bar
pressure) and some conventional extraction methods (ethanol, hexane, and dimethyl
ether), and investigate the effects of extracting pressure parameters on
SC-CO₂ extraction. As a result of the studies; it has been concluded that the SC-CO₂
extraction method is very advantageous in obtaining fatty acids from the P.harmala L. seed and that the pressure
and temperature calibrations of the SC-CO₂ extraction device must be performed. It has been observed that a pressure of 400 bar is suitable for obtaining
the highest fatty acid extracts of (C15:0), (C16:1), (C17:0), (C18:3) and
saturated fatty, while a pressure of 100 bar is suitable for obtaining the
highest fatty acid extracts such as (C14:0), (C18:1), and (C18:2).

Anahtar Kelimeler

Peganum harmala L., supercritical CO2 extraction

Peganum harmala L. Tohumundan Yağ Asidi İçeriğinin Belirlenmesi için Süperkritik Karbondioksit Ekstraksiyon Yöntemi ve Bazı Geleneksel Ekstraksiyon Yöntemlerinin Karşılaştırılması

Öz

Türk
halkı arasında Peganum harmala L.
(Suriye rue) (Zygophyllaceae) tohumlarının yaygın olarak “Harmal” veya
“Uzerlik” olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, SC-CO₂
ekstraksiyonu ile (100 ° C, 200, 300 ve 400 bar basınçta sabit sıcaklık
koşullarında) ve bazı geleneksel ekstraksiyon yöntemleriyle (etanol, heksan ve
dimetil eter) karşılaştırmak ve süperkritik ektraksiyon yönteminde basıncın
etkisini araştırmaktır. Yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda; SC-CO2 ekstraksiyon
yönteminin P.harmala L. tohumundan
yağ asitlerinin elde edilmesinde çok avantajlı olduğu ve SC-CO₂
ekstraksiyon cihazının basınç ve sıcaklık kalibrasyonlarının yapılması
gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır. En yüksek (C15: 0), (C16: 1), (C17: 0), (C18:
3) ve doymuş yağ oranının elde edilmesi için 400 bar basınç en uygun iken; en
yüksek (C14: 0), (C18: 1) ve (C18: 2) elde edilmesi için 100 bar basıncın, en
uygun olduğu görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Peganum harmala L., superkritik CO2 ektraksiyon

Kaynakça

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