Luenberger Gözlemcisi Kullanılarak Buck-Boost Dönüştürücülerde Sağlam Durum Gözlemi

Öz

Bu çalışma, bir Buck-Boost dönüştürücüde durum tahmini amacıyla tasarlanmış ve uygulanmış bir Luenberger gözlemcisini sunmaktadır. Dönüştürücü, ortalama durum-uzayı yöntemi kullanılarak modellenmiş ve sistemin gözlemlenebilirliği, doğru tahmin yapılabilirliğini sağlamak üzere analiz edilmiştir. Gözlemci, yalnızca çıkış kapasitör gerilimi ölçülerek, endüktör akımı gibi doğrudan ölçülemeyen içsel durum değişkenlerini tahmin edecek şekilde tasarlanmıştır. Gözlemci kutupları uygun şekilde yerleştirilerek hızlı ve kararlı yakınsama sağlanmış, kazanç matrisi kutup yerleştirme yöntemiyle elde edilmiştir. MATLAB ortamında gerçekleştirilen benzetim sonuçları, önerilen gözlemcinin değişen çalışma koşulları altında durumu doğru ve sağlam şekilde tahmin edebildiğini ortaya koymuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlar, bu yaklaşımın gerçek zamanlı izleme ve gelişmiş kontrol stratejileriyle entegrasyon için uygun olduğunu doğrulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Buck-Boost dönüştürücü
• Luenberger gözlemci
• Durum tahmini
• Gözlenebilirlik
• Kutup Yerleştirme

Robust State Observation in Buck-Boost Converters Using a Luenberger Observer

Öz

This paper presents the design and implementation of a Luenberger observer for state estimation in a buck-boost converter. The converter is modeled using the average state-space representation, and system observability is examined to ensure the feasibility of accurate estimation. The observer is designed to estimate internal states, such as inductor current, using only capacitor voltage measurements. Pole placement techniques are employed to achieve fast and stable convergence by appropriately selecting observer poles and computing the gain matrix. Simulation studies conducted in MATLAB demonstrate that the proposed observer provides accurate and robust state estimation under varying operating conditions. The results confirm its effectiveness for real-time monitoring and its potential integration with advanced control strategies in power electronic systems.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Buck-Boost Converter
• Luenberger Observer
• State Estimation
• Observability

Kaynakça

1. Rana N., Banerjee S., Giri S.K., Trivedi A., Williamson S.S. Modeling, analysis and implementation of an improved interleaved buck-boost converter, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs. 68(7), 2588–2592, 2021.
2. Miao S., Gao J. A family of inverting buck-boost converters with extended conversion ratios, IEEE Access. 7, 130197–130205, 2019.
3. Ullah B., Ullah H., Khalid S. Direct model predictive control of noninverting buck-boost DC-DC converter, CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems. 6(3), 332–339, 2022.
4. Wibawa U., Mardiana E., Ardhenta L. Design and performance analysis of PID controller for extended output voltage buck-boost converter, 10th Electrical Power, Electronics, Communications, Controls and Informatics Seminar (EECCIS), Malang, Indonesia. 31–36, 2020.
5. Vijayalakshmi S., Arthika E., Priya G.S. Modeling and simulation of interleaved buck-boost converter with PID controller, IEEE 9th International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Control (ISCO), Coimbatore, India. 1–6, 2015.
6. Chan C.Y. Adaptive sliding-mode control of a novel buck-boost converter based on Zeta converter, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs. 69(3):1307–1311, 2022.
7. Biel D., Guinjoan F., Fossas E., Chavarria J. Sliding-mode control design of a boost-buck switching converter for AC signal generation, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers. 51(8):1539–1551, 2004.
8. Singh A., Paul S., Maksimović D., Corradini L. Mixed-Signal Sliding Mode Controller for Non-Inverting Buck-Boost Photovoltaic DC Optimizers, 2025 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), Atlanta, GA, USA, 334-341, 2025.

9. Sharma P., Kumar R., Hassanpour S. Implementation of pulse-width-modulation based sliding mode controller for semi-quadratic buck-boost DC/DC converter, First International Conference on Cyber Physical Systems, Power Electronics and Electric Vehicles (ICPEEV), Hyderabad, India. 1–6, 2023.
10. Ullah B., Ullah H., Khalid S. Direct model predictive control of noninverting buck-boost DC-DC converter, CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems. 6(3):332–339, 2022.
11. Prag K., Woolway M., Celik T. Data-driven model predictive control of DC-to-DC buck-boost converter, IEEE Access. 9:101902–101915, 2021.
12. Albira M.E., Zohdy M.A. Adaptive model predictive control for DC-DC power converters with parameters’ uncertainties, IEEE Access. 9:135121–135131, 2021.
13. Rosa A.H.R., et al. HIL simulation of non linear control methods applied for buck-boost and flyback converters, 2017 Brazilian Power Electronics Conference (COBEP), Juiz de Fora, Brazil:1–6, 2017.
14. Sun Z., Cui C., Yan G., Sun X. Application of Fractional Kalman Filter in Modal Analysis of Buck-Boost Converter, 2022 41st Chinese Control Conference (CCC), Hefei, China: 1702-1705, 2022.
15. Abdolahi M., Adabi J., Mousavi S. Y. M. An Adaptive Extended Kalman Filter With Passivity-Based Control for DC-DC Converter in DC Microgrids Supplying Constant Power Loads, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 71(5): 4873-4882, 2024.
16. Ahmeid M., Armstrong M., Gadoue S., Al-Greer M., Missailidis P. Real-Time Parameter Estimation of DC–DC Converters Using a Self-Tuned Kalman Filter, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 32(7): 5666-5674, 2017.
17. Chang Y., Gao P., Wang A., Wang Y., Zhang C., Huang W. A Non-Singular Terminal Sliding Mode Control of Buck-Boost Converters Based on Extended State Observer, 2023 IEEE 2nd Industrial Electronics Society Annual On-Line Conference (ONCON), SC, USA, 1-6, 2023.
18. Linares-Flores J. et al. Sliding Mode Control Based on Linear Extended State Observer for DC-to-DC Buck–Boost Power Converter System With Mismatched Disturbances, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 58(1) 940-950, 2022.
19. Carneiro D. D. S., Faria F. A., Silva L. J. R., Zilli B. M., Oliveira V. A. d. Robust Sampled-Observer-Based Switching Law for Uncertain Switched Affine Systems Subject to Sensor Faults With an Application to a Bidirectional Buck-Boost DC-DC Converter, IEEE Access, 12 87967-87980, 2024.
20. Renaudineau H., Martin J.-P., Nahid-Mobarakeh B., Pierfederici S. DC–DC Converters Dynamic Modeling With State Observer-Based Parameter Estimation, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 30 3356-3363, 20