Yakıt Türleri ve Yanma Ortamının Yanma Kaynaklarında Uçucu Organik Bileşiklerin (VOCs) Oluşumuna Etkisi: Derleme Bir Çalışma

Öz

Uçucu Organik Bileşikler (VOCs) zehirleyici veya kanser yapıcı maddeler olmaları yanı sıra güneş ışığının varlığında fotokimyasal duman oluşturarak çevreye zarar verirler. Bu çalışmada ilk önce VOC’lerin çevreye ve insan sağlığına zararları tartışılmıştır. Peşi sıra önemli uluslararası kuruluşların VOC'i tanımı ve sınıflandırılması ayrıntılı bir şekilde verilmiş ve bu tanımlama ve sınıflandırma bağlamında yasama denetiminin tabi tuttukları en zararlı VOC’ler irdelenmiştir. Ardından çalışmanın ana konusu olan termik güç santralleri ile içten yanmalı motorlar tarafından çevreye salınan zararlı ve emisyonu yüksek VOC bileşenleri incelenmiş ve salınan bu zararlı gazların emisyonuna etki eden parametreler ayrı başlıklar altında ele alınmıştır. Yanma olayında VOC'lerin salınımını etkileyen parametreler, yakıt ve yanma sistemine göre değişkenlik göstermektedir. Bu parametrelerin VOC'lerin salınımına etkilerinin tespitiyle bu zararlı bileşenlerin emisyonunun azaltılabilmesi için gerekli şartlar belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Böylece termik güç santralleri ile içten yanmalı motorlarda fosil yakıtların yanmasıyla oluşabilecek VOC emisyonlarının azaltılması konusunda bir fikir oluşturulmaya çalışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Enerji santralleri,PAHs,Taşıt egzozu,Toksik ve kanserojenler,VOCs,Yanma parametreleri

Influence of Fuel Types and Combustion Environment on Emission of VOCs from Combustion Sources: A Review

Öz

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are toxic or or carcinogenic, as well as creating photochemical fumes in the presence of sunlight, damaging the environment. In this study, the damages of VOCs to the environment and human health are discussed first. In addition, the definition and classification of the VOC of important international bodies are given in detail and the VOCs that are considered the most harmful and subject to legislative purposes in the context of this definition and classification are examined. Then, the harmful and abundant of VOC species emitted by the power plants and internal combustion engines, which are the main subject of the study, were examined and the parameters affecting the emission of these emitted gases are discussed under separate titles. The parameters affecting the VOCs release in the combustion event vary depending on the fuel and combustion system. By determining the effects of these parameters on VOCs emission, necessary conditions were determined to reduce the emission of these harmful components. Thus, some insights were tried to be given about the reduction of VOC emissions that may occur by burning fossil fuels in thermal power plants and internal combustion engines.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Combustion parameters,PAHs,Power stations,Toxic and carcinogens,Vehicles exhaust,VOCs

Kaynakça

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