Azerbaycan’ın Yenilenebilir Enerji Politikaları ve Yeşil Enerji Koridorları

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 800 - 818, 15.12.2025

Abdulla Khanayev , Arzu Al

https://doi.org/10.16985/mtad.1724847

Öz

Azerbaycan, fosil yakıt ihracatçısı kimliğinden çıkarak yeşil enerji tedarikçisi konumuna geçmeyi hedefleyen kapsamlı bir yenilenebilir enerji stratejisi izlemektedir. Ülke, elektrik üretiminin yaklaşık üçte birini yenilenebilir kaynaklardan sağlamak üzere önemli yatırımlar yapmakta ve Avrupa’ya ihraç edilmek üzere çeşitli projeler geliştirmektedir. Bu çalışma, Azerbaycan’ın fosil yakıtlara dayalı enerji modelinden yenilenebilir enerjiye geçiş sürecini ve bu dönüşümün bölgesel etkilerini uluslararası politik ekonomi çerçevesinde analiz etmektedir. Nitel belge analizi ve karşılaştırmalı yöntem kullanılarak yürütülen araştırmada, Azerbaycan’ın yenilenebilir enerji politikalarının gelişimi değerlendirilmiş; Karadeniz Yeşil Enerji Koridoru ve Trans-Hazar Yeşil Enerji Koridoru projeleri teknik, politik ve ekonomik boyutlarıyla ele alınmıştır. Bulgular, Azerbaycan’ın enerji güvenliği, ekonomik çeşitlenme ve küresel iklim taahhütleri doğrultusunda yenilenebilir enerji yatırımlarına yöneldiğini göstermektedir. Karadeniz projesi, Azerbaycan’dan Romanya’ya uzanacak denizaltı kablo hattı ile Avrupa’ya temiz enerji taşımayı; Trans-Hazar girişimi ise Orta Asya yenilenebilir kaynaklarını Hazar üzerinden Avrupa’ya ulaştırmayı hedeflemektedir. Elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda, Azerbaycan’ın yeşil enerji hedeflerine ulaşabilmesi için stratejik planlama, kurumsal kapasite geliştirme ve çok taraflı iş birliğine dayalı bir yaklaşımın gerekliliği vurgulanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Azerbaycan , Enerji Diplomasisi , Karadeniz Yeşil Enerji Koridoru , Trans-Hazar Yeşil Enerji Koridoru , Uluslararası Politik Ekonomi , Yenilenebilir Enerji

Azerbaijan’s Renewable Energy Policies and Green Energy Corridors

Öz

Azerbaijan is pursuing a comprehensive renewable energy strategy aimed at transforming its identity from a fossil fuel exporter to a green energy supplier. The country is making significant investments to generate approximately one-third of its electricity from renewable sources and is developing projects to export clean energy to Europe. This study analyzes Azerbaijan's transition from a fossil fuel–based energy model to renewable energy and examines the regional implications of this transformation within the framework of international political economy. Employing qualitative document analysis and a comparative method, the research evaluates the development of Azerbaijan's renewable energy policies and assesses the Black Sea Green Energy Corridor and the Trans-Caspian Green Energy Corridor in technical, political, and economic dimensions. The findings show that Azerbaijan is turning to renewable energy investments in line with its goals of enhancing energy security, achieving economic diversification, and fulfilling global climate commitments. The Black Sea project aims to deliver clean electricity from Azerbaijan to Romania via a subsea cable, while the Trans-Caspian initiative envisions transporting renewable energy from Central Asia to Europe through the Caspian Sea. Based on the findings, the study underscores the need for Azerbaijan to adopt a strategic approach based on institutional capacity building and multilateral cooperation in order to achieve its green energy objectives.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Azerbaijan , Black Sea Green Energy Corridor , Energy Diplomacy , International Political Economy , Renewable Energy , Trans-Caspian Green Energy Corridor.

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