Gelişmekte Olan Piyasalarda ESG Skorları Borçlanma Maliyetine Nasıl Yansıyor? Toplam ve Alt Bileşen Düzeylerinde Çevresel, Sosyal ve Yönetişim Performansından Kanıtlar

Yıl 2026, Sayı: 109, 181 - 220, 02.01.2026

Ümran Bulut Su

https://doi.org/10.25095/mufad.1828363

Öz

Bu çalışma, BIST 100 endeksinde yer alan şirketleri incelemiştir. Ancak ilgili dönemde düzenli ESG verisi yalnızca 59 şirket için mevcut olduğundan analiz bu şirketler üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda, söz konusu şirketlerin toplam ESG skorlarının ve çevresel, sosyal ve yönetişim performanslarının 2019–2023 dönemindeki borçlanma maliyetleri üzerindeki etkisi değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı, gelişmekte olan piyasalardaki şirketlerin sürdürülebilirlik performansının kredi koşullarını nasıl etkilediğini ortaya koymaktır. Araştırma yönteminde, otokorelasyon, değişen varyans ve yatay kesit bağımlılığını kontrol eden dengeli bir panel veri analizi (PDA) rassal etkiler modeli kullanılmıştır. Bulgular, toplam ESG performansının ve çevresel, sosyal ve yönetişim alt boyutlarının borçlanma maliyetlerini azaltmak yerine artırdığını göstermektedir. Sonuçlar, ESG maliyetlerinin kredi verenler tarafından bir risk unsuru olarak fiyatlandığını ve sürdürülebilirlik uygulamalarının kısa vadede finansman yükünü artırabileceğini düşündürmektedir. Çalışma, gelişmekte olan bir ekonomi bağlamında sürdürülebilir finans alanına yeni kanıtlar sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

ESG , sürdürülebilirlik performansı , borçlanma maliyeti , sürdürülebilir finans , gelişmekte olan piyasalar , kredi riski , geçiş riski , sermaye yapısı

How Do ESG Scores Affect the Cost of Debt in Emerging Markets? Evidence from Environmental, Social, and Governance Performance at the Aggregate and Component Levels

Öz

This study examined companies included in the BIST 100 index. However, because regular ESG data was available for only 59 companies during the relevant period, the analysis was conducted on these companies. In this context, the impact of these companies' total ESG scores and environmental, social, and governance performance on borrowing costs for the 2019-2023 period was evaluated.The study aims to reveal how the sustainability performance of companies in emerging markets affects credit conditions. A balanced panel data analysis (BDA) random effects model was used as the research method, controlling for autocorrelation, heteroscedasticity, and cross-sectional dependence. The findings indicate that total ESG and sub-dimension-level environmental, social, and governance performance increase, rather than decrease, borrowing costs. The results suggest that ESG costs are priced as a risk factor by creditors and that sustainability practices can increase the financing burden in the short term. The study provides new evidence for sustainable finance from an emerging economy.

Anahtar Kelimeler

ESG , sustainability performance , cost of debt , sustainable finance , emerging markets , credit risk , transitition risk , capital structure

Kaynakça

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