Yıl 2020,
Cilt: 61 Sayı: 699, 116 - 131, 05.08.2020
Fatih Kocatürk
,
Doğuş Zeren
Sezgin Yurtdaş
M. Burak Toparli
,
Cenk Kılıçaslan5
Kaynakça
- Gariety, M., Ngaile, G., Altan, T. 2007. “Evaluation of New Cold Forging Lubricants without Zinc Phosphate Precoat,” Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf., vol. 47, no. 3–4, p. 673–681.
- Ngaile, G., Cochran, J., Stark, D. 2007. “Formulation of Polymer-Based Lubricant for Metal Forming,” Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part B J. Eng. Manuf., vol. 221, no. 4, p. 559–568.
- Wang, Z. G., Komiyama, S., Yoshikawa, Y., Suzuki, T., Osakada, K. 2015. “Evaluation of Lubricants without Zinc Phosphate Precoat in Multi-Stage Cold Forging,” CIRP Ann., vol. 64, no. 1, p. 285–288.
- Yamaguchi, H., Imai, Y., Yoshida, M. 2002. “Metallic Material for Plastic Working With Gradient Two-Layer Lubricant Coating Film and Process for Producing the Same,” Patent no. WO2002072345A1.
- Wang, Z. G., Komiyama, S., Yoshikawa, Y. 2014. “Development of Upsetting-Extrusion Type Tribometer for Evaluating Lubrication Coating Performance in Cold Forging,” Adv. Mater. Res., vol. 966–967, p. 281–289.
- Güneş, S., Tanrıkulu, B., Özuğurlu, D. C., Kılıçaslan, C., İnce, U. 2018. “A Comparative Study : Zinc Phosphate-Soap Coating Versus Polymer Based Coating in Cold Forward Extrusion,” Manisa Celal Bayar University II. International University Industry Cooperation, R&D and Innovation Congress, p. 14–15.
- Bay, N., Azushima, A., Groche, P., Ishibashi, I., Merklein, M., Morishita, M., Nakamura, T., Schmid, S., Yoshida, M. 2010. “Environmentally Benign Tribo-Systems for Metal Forming,” CIRP Ann., vol. 59, no. 2, p. 760–780.
- Lorenz, R., Hagenah, H., Merklein, M. 2018. “Experimental Evaluation of Cold Forging Lubricants Using Double-Cup-Extrusion-Tests,” Mater. Sci. Forum, vol. 918, p. 65–70.
- Wang, J., Shah, R., Huang, Y.-H., Chang, D.-F. 2009. “An Analysis of Polymer Coated Metal Rod Extrusion,” J. Manuf. Sci. Eng., vol. 131, no. 1, p. 0110121–0110129.
- Geiger, M., Popp, U., Engel, U. 2002. “Excimer Laser Micro Texturing of Cold Forging Tool Surfaces - Influence on Tool Life,” CIRP Ann., vol. 51, no. 1, p. 231–234.
- Popp, U., Engel, U. 2006. “Microtexturing of Cold-Forging Tools - Influence on Tool Life,” Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part B J. Eng. Manuf., vol. 220, no. 1, p. 27–33.
- Groche, P., Zang, S., Müller, C., Bodenmüller, D. 2015. “A Study on the Performance of Environmentally Benign Lubricants at Elevated Temperatures in Bulk Metal Forming,” J. Manuf. Process., vol. 20, p. 425–430.
- Müller, C., Rudel, L., Yalcin, D., Groche, P. 2014. “Cold Forging with Lubricated Tools,” Key Eng. Mater., vol. 611–612, p. 971–980.
- Bay, N. 1994. “The State of the Art in Cold Forging Lubrication,” J. Mater. Process. Technol., vol. 46, no. 1–2, p. 19–40.
- Smyth, L. 2017. “New Polymeric Coatings for Cold Forming,” https://www.engineerlive.com/content/new-polymeric-coatings-cold-forming.
Wang, X. Y., Li, D. Y. 2003. “Mechanical, Electrochemical and Tribological Properties of Nano-Crystalline Surface of 304 Stainless Steel,” Wear, vol. 255, no. 7–12) p. 836–845.
- Ningbo Hewcho Industrial Limited. “Sandblasting,” http://www.hewcho.com/surface-treatment/sandblasting.html.
- İlve Kimya. “Tel Çekme Öncesi Çinko Fosfat Kaplama,” http://cinko.fosfatkaplama.com/tel-cekme.html.
- İlve Kimya. 2019. “Tel Çekme Çinko Fosfat,” http://www.ilve.com.tr/yislem/tel-cekme-cinko-fosfat.html.
- Peycheva, R. 2015. “Using Polymer Lubricants to Optimize Cold Forging,” https://www.forgingmagazine.com/forming/using-polymer-lubricants-optimize-cold-forging.
Soğuk Dövmede Kullanılan Yüzey İşlem Metotları
Yıl 2020,
Cilt: 61 Sayı: 699, 116 - 131, 05.08.2020
Fatih Kocatürk
,
Doğuş Zeren
Sezgin Yurtdaş
M. Burak Toparli
,
Cenk Kılıçaslan5
Öz
Hammadde yüzey işlem ve yüzey kaplama aşamaları soğuk dövme için elzem uygulamalardır. Yüzey işlemin kalitesi, kaplamanın yüzeye yapışma derecesini ve korozyon direncini etkilemektedir. Buna bağlı olarak malzemenin dövme sırasındaki akışı da doğrudan etkilenmektedir. Soğuk dövme işleminin başarılı bir şekilde uygulanması verimli bir hammadde kaplama sistemi ile yakından ilgilidir ve en yaygın kaplama sistemi çinko-fosfat kaplamasıdır. Son zamanlarda çinko-fosfat kaplama çevreye zarar veren bir kaplama türü olarak kabul edilmektedir. Çinko-fosfat kaplama performansına en yakın alternatif kaplama tipi polimer kaplamadır. Polimer kaplama, daha yalın üretimi teşvik edebilen, işletme maliyetlerini ve stokları azaltabilen ve karlılığı artırabilen çevre dostu bir kaplama yöntemidir. Bu çalışmada soğuk dövmede kullanılan çevreye daha az zararlı, yüzey temizleme ve kaplama yöntemleri incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, kumlama işlemi sonrası polimer kaplanmış hammaddeler ile asitle temizlenmiş ve çinko-fosfat kaplanmış hammaddeler ile üretilen cıvata örneklerinin yüzey kaliteleri incelenmiştir. Çevreye daha duyarlı bir yöntem olan polimer kaplamaya ait dövme performansının geleneksel yöntem olan çinko-fosfat kaplama ile benzer olduğu görülmüştür.
Kaynakça
- Gariety, M., Ngaile, G., Altan, T. 2007. “Evaluation of New Cold Forging Lubricants without Zinc Phosphate Precoat,” Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf., vol. 47, no. 3–4, p. 673–681.
- Ngaile, G., Cochran, J., Stark, D. 2007. “Formulation of Polymer-Based Lubricant for Metal Forming,” Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part B J. Eng. Manuf., vol. 221, no. 4, p. 559–568.
- Wang, Z. G., Komiyama, S., Yoshikawa, Y., Suzuki, T., Osakada, K. 2015. “Evaluation of Lubricants without Zinc Phosphate Precoat in Multi-Stage Cold Forging,” CIRP Ann., vol. 64, no. 1, p. 285–288.
- Yamaguchi, H., Imai, Y., Yoshida, M. 2002. “Metallic Material for Plastic Working With Gradient Two-Layer Lubricant Coating Film and Process for Producing the Same,” Patent no. WO2002072345A1.
- Wang, Z. G., Komiyama, S., Yoshikawa, Y. 2014. “Development of Upsetting-Extrusion Type Tribometer for Evaluating Lubrication Coating Performance in Cold Forging,” Adv. Mater. Res., vol. 966–967, p. 281–289.
- Güneş, S., Tanrıkulu, B., Özuğurlu, D. C., Kılıçaslan, C., İnce, U. 2018. “A Comparative Study : Zinc Phosphate-Soap Coating Versus Polymer Based Coating in Cold Forward Extrusion,” Manisa Celal Bayar University II. International University Industry Cooperation, R&D and Innovation Congress, p. 14–15.
- Bay, N., Azushima, A., Groche, P., Ishibashi, I., Merklein, M., Morishita, M., Nakamura, T., Schmid, S., Yoshida, M. 2010. “Environmentally Benign Tribo-Systems for Metal Forming,” CIRP Ann., vol. 59, no. 2, p. 760–780.
- Lorenz, R., Hagenah, H., Merklein, M. 2018. “Experimental Evaluation of Cold Forging Lubricants Using Double-Cup-Extrusion-Tests,” Mater. Sci. Forum, vol. 918, p. 65–70.
- Wang, J., Shah, R., Huang, Y.-H., Chang, D.-F. 2009. “An Analysis of Polymer Coated Metal Rod Extrusion,” J. Manuf. Sci. Eng., vol. 131, no. 1, p. 0110121–0110129.
- Geiger, M., Popp, U., Engel, U. 2002. “Excimer Laser Micro Texturing of Cold Forging Tool Surfaces - Influence on Tool Life,” CIRP Ann., vol. 51, no. 1, p. 231–234.
- Popp, U., Engel, U. 2006. “Microtexturing of Cold-Forging Tools - Influence on Tool Life,” Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part B J. Eng. Manuf., vol. 220, no. 1, p. 27–33.
- Groche, P., Zang, S., Müller, C., Bodenmüller, D. 2015. “A Study on the Performance of Environmentally Benign Lubricants at Elevated Temperatures in Bulk Metal Forming,” J. Manuf. Process., vol. 20, p. 425–430.
- Müller, C., Rudel, L., Yalcin, D., Groche, P. 2014. “Cold Forging with Lubricated Tools,” Key Eng. Mater., vol. 611–612, p. 971–980.
- Bay, N. 1994. “The State of the Art in Cold Forging Lubrication,” J. Mater. Process. Technol., vol. 46, no. 1–2, p. 19–40.
- Smyth, L. 2017. “New Polymeric Coatings for Cold Forming,” https://www.engineerlive.com/content/new-polymeric-coatings-cold-forming.
Wang, X. Y., Li, D. Y. 2003. “Mechanical, Electrochemical and Tribological Properties of Nano-Crystalline Surface of 304 Stainless Steel,” Wear, vol. 255, no. 7–12) p. 836–845.
- Ningbo Hewcho Industrial Limited. “Sandblasting,” http://www.hewcho.com/surface-treatment/sandblasting.html.
- İlve Kimya. “Tel Çekme Öncesi Çinko Fosfat Kaplama,” http://cinko.fosfatkaplama.com/tel-cekme.html.
- İlve Kimya. 2019. “Tel Çekme Çinko Fosfat,” http://www.ilve.com.tr/yislem/tel-cekme-cinko-fosfat.html.
- Peycheva, R. 2015. “Using Polymer Lubricants to Optimize Cold Forging,” https://www.forgingmagazine.com/forming/using-polymer-lubricants-optimize-cold-forging.