21. YÜZYILDA (EVRENSEL) TEMEL GELİR TARTIŞMALARI

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 42 Sayı: 2, 180 - 201, 31.12.2020

Hikmet Gülçin Beken

https://doi.org/10.14780/muiibd.854291

Cited By: 4

Öz

Temel gelir aslında 21. yüzyıla ait bir kavram olmasa da bu yüzyılda adı daha sık duyulmakta ve
uygulanmasına ilişkin çabalarla daha yoğun bir şekilde karşılaşılmaktadır. Pek çok ülkenin seçilen pilot
bölgelerde temel geliri uygulamaya ve sonuçlarını değerlendirmeye çalıştığı görülmektedir. Öncelikle
cevaplanması gereken nokta, temel gelirin uygulanması yönündeki bu isteğin arkasında hangi saiklerin
yer aldığıdır. Modern refah devletleri, 21. yüzyıla ait problemlerin çözümünde etkinsiz kalması ve
yetersiz çözüm önerileri sunması nedeniyle, temel gelire yönelik uygulamaları hem kendi varlığını hem
de meşruiyetini sağlamanın bir yolu olarak kullanabilmektedir. Bununla birlikte, kapitalizmin her zaman
içerisine düştüğü krizlerden çıkış için tercih edilen bir araç olarak da görülmesi mümkündür. Küresel
pandeminin etkilerinin azaltılmasında evrensel temel gelirin bir politika aracı olarak kullanılmasına yönelik
taleplerle karşılaşırken, çalışmada temel gelirin özellikleri, sağlayacağı avantajlar ve taşıdığı dezavantajlar
üzerinden bir değerlendirme yapılacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Evrensel temel gelir, Refah Devleti, Kapitalizm

Kaynakça

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