The Factors Influencing the Rise of Far-Right Parties in Europe: The Case of France, Italy, Netherlands, and Sweden

Öz

Contemporary European politics is undergoing a transformation within itself. This transformation, albeit slow, is in the process of creating a new political trend in favor of far-right parties. In contemporary Europe, far-right parties, which were previously situated at the extremes of the political spectrum, have reached positions where they can be part of coalition governments with mainstream parties. In this context, the main research question of the study is whether the economic crisis, immigration crisis, Islamophobia, and globalization have influenced the rise of far-right parties in France, Italy, Netherlands and Sweden. The case study method has been employed within the scope of the research question. According to the results obtained, each of the specified factors has been identified as a significant factor in the rise of far-right parties. When the rise of far-right parties in Europe, examined within the scope of the research, is considered, it is observed that this rise is particularly a result of the complex interaction of economic, social, and cultural dynamics.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Far-Right
• Globalization
• Immigration Crisis
• Economic Crisis
• Islamophobia

Avrupa’da Aşırı Sağ Partilerin Yükselişine Etki Eden Faktörler: Fransa, İtalya, Hollanda ve İsveç Örneği

Öz

Günümüz Avrupa siyaseti kendi içerisinde bir dönüşüme uğramaktadır. Bu dönüşüm yavaş olmakla birlikte aşırı sağ partiler lehine yeni bir siyasal eğilim oluşturma aşamasındadır. Önceki dönemlerde siyasi yelpazenin uç kısımlarında yer alan aşırı sağ partiler günümüz Avrupa’sında ana akım partiler ile koalisyon hükümetleri içerisinde yer alabilecek pozisyona ulaşmışlardır. Bu bağlamda, çalışmanın temel araştırma sorusu; ekonomik kriz, göçmen krizi, İslamofobi ve küreselleşmenin Fransa, İtalya, Hollanda ve İsveç’te aşırı sağ partilerin yükselişini etkileyip etkilemediğidir. Araştırma sorusu kapsamında durum çalışması yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Ortaya çıkan sonuca göre belirtilen faktörlerin herbirinin aşırı sağ partilerin yükselişinde önemli etmen oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında ele alınan Avrupa’daki aşırı sağ partilerin yükselişi incelendiğinde bu yükselişin özellikle ekonomik, sosyal ve kültürel dinamiklerin karmaşık etkileşiminin bir sonucu olarak ortaya çıktığı görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aşırı Sağ
• Küreselleşme
• Göçmen Krizi
• Ekonomik Kriz
• İslamofobi

Kaynakça

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