Deradicalization Processes of Terrorist Organization Members and the Analysis of DDR Model: The Case of JI in Indonesia

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2, 353 - 384, 27.11.2024

Alp Cenk Arslan

https://doi.org/10.19059/mukaddime.1497313

Öz

The aim of this study is to analytically discuss the concepts and processes related to the deradicalization of terrorist organization members within the broader term “deradicalization”. Exploiting qualitative research methods such as descriptive analysis and case study, this article examines the current debates on deradicalization programs and processes. Despite being an inherently challenging process, deradicalization is seen as a significant concept in the current context of rising global and regional terrorism. The main reason for this is that radicalization lies at the root of terrorism and only through deradicalization efforts can terrorist activities be prevented once and for all. While military strategies play an important role in the broader concept of counterterrorism, numerous examples from around the world have demonstrated that terrorism can continue to flourish if radicalization is not addressed and efforts are not made to divert terrorist organization members away from violence. This article first outlines the conceptual framework of radicalization and related terms and defines the conceptual relationship between radicalization and deradicalization. It then examines a proposed framework for the deradicalization process: the disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration (DDR) model. The case study section of the article details the deradicalization methods applied in Indonesia and analyzes their approach and effectiveness in depth. By providing a comprehensive review of the theoretical and practical aspects of radicalization, this study aims to contribute to a broader understanding of the strategies necessary to counter radicalization and promote sustainable peace.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Terrorism, Crisis and Conflict Management, Deradicalization, DDR Model, Security Studies

Terör Örgütü Mensuplarına Yönelik Radikalleşmeden Arındırma Süreçleri ve DDR Modelinin Analizi: Endonezya JI Örneği

Öz

Bu çalışma, terör örgütü mensuplarına yönelik radikalleşmeden arındırma ile ilgili kavram ve süreçleri analitik olarak tartışmayı amaçlamaktadır. Betimsel analiz ve vaka çalışması gibi nitel araştırma yöntemlerini kullanan bu makale, radikalleşmeden arındırma programları ve süreçlerine ilişkin mevcut tartışmaları incelemektedir. Radikalleşmeden arındırma, doğası gereği zorlu bir süreç olmasına rağmen küresel ve bölgesel terörizm olgusunun yükseldiği günümüz bağlamında önemli bir kavram olarak görülmektedir. Zira terörizmin temel nedenlerinden birisi radikalleşmedir ve ancak radikalleşmeden arındırma çabalarıyla terörist faaliyetler önemli ölçüde engellenebilir. Dünya çapındaki sayısız örnek radikalleşme sürecinin ele alınmadığı ve terör örgütü mensuplarının şiddetten uzaklaştırılması için çaba sarf edilmediği takdirde terörizmin gelişmeye devam edebileceğini göstermiştir. Bu makale ilk olarak radikalleşmenin kavramsal çerçevesini ve ilgili terimleri ayrıntısıyla ortaya koymakta ve radikalleşme ile radikalleşmeden arındırma arasındaki kavramsal ilişkiyi tanımlamaktadır. Daha sonra, radikalleşmeden arındırma süreci için önerilen bir çerçeve olan silahsızlanma, silahlı örgütün dağıtılması ve yeniden entegrasyon (Disarmament - Demobilization - Reintegration / DDR) modelini incelemektedir. Makalenin vaka çalışması bölümünde Endonezya’da uygulanan radikalleşmeden arındırma yöntemleri detaylandırılmakta ve bu yöntemlerin yaklaşımı ve etkinliği derinlemesine analiz edilmektedir. Bu çalışma, radikalleşmenin teorik ve pratik yönlerinin kapsamlı bir incelemesini sunarak, radikalleşmeyle mücadele etmek ve sürdürülebilir kamu düzenini teşvik etmek için gerekli stratejilerin daha geniş bir şekilde anlaşılmasına katkıda bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Terörizm, Kriz ve Çatışma Yönetimi, DDR Modeli, Güvenlik Çalışmaları, Radikalleşmeden Arındırma, Radikalleşme

Kaynakça

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