THE IMPORTANCE OF MATERNAL MENTAL HEALTH

Öz

Pregnancy and childbirth are often perceived as happy occasions but they may sometimes turn into a distressing experience. During this period, some mental illnesses may start or the existing illnesses may deteriorate. Unfortunately, mothers’ mental health does not receive as much care and attention as their physical health, or diagnosis and treatment of psychological problems are delayed. An untreated mental illness during this period can have negative consequences for both the mother and the developing baby. Decreased self-care of mother can lead to conditions that negatively affect the course of pregnancy, such as weight loss, irregular nutrition, and the onset of diabetes. As for the baby, some of the problems which may be witnessed are low birth weight, premature birth, inadequacy in the development of the nervous system, and negative affect on emotional and behavioral development. In the postpartum period, mother with a mental illness in the postpartum period cannot display sufficient care and attention towards her baby and this may adversely affect mother-child attachment. The most common psychiatric disorder in this period is depression which is diagnosed in every 5-7 mothers. In addition to depression, anxiety disorders, mood disorders and psychosis are mental illnesses that may be diagnosed during this period. This article aims to draw attention to the importance of diagnosis and treatment of mental diseases and their implications for child mental health by informing about mental illnesses that the mother may suffer during pregnancy and postnatal period.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Maternal mental health,pregnancy,childbirth,stress,depression

ANNE RUH SAĞLIĞININ ÖNEMİ

Öz

Gebelik ve doğum sıklıkla mutluluk verici bir durum olarak algılanmakla birlikte bazen sıkıntılı bir süreç de yaşanabilmektedir. Bu süreçte bazı hastalıklar ilk kez ortaya çıkabilmekte ya da var olan mevcut hastalık kötüleşebilmektedir. Bununla beraber maalesef annelerin ruh sağlığı fiziksel sağlıkları kadar dikkate alınmamakta ya da tanı ve tedavisi gecikmektedir. Bu dönemde tedavi edilmeyen bir ruhsal hastalık hem anne hem de gelişmekte olan bebek için olumsuz sonuçlara yol açabilmektedir. Annede kendine bakımında azalma, kilo kaybı, düzensiz beslenme, şeker hastalığının başlaması gibi gebelik seyrini de olumsuz etkileyen durumlar, bebekle ilgili olarak; düşük doğum ağırlığı, erken doğum, sinir sisteminin gelişiminde yetersizlikler, duygusal ve davranışsal gelişiminin olumsuz etkilenmesi görülebilmektedir. Doğum sonrası dönemde ise, ruhsal hastalığı olan bir annenin bebeğine yeterince ilgi gösterememesi anne bebek bağlanmasının olumsuz olmasına neden olabilmektedir. Bu dönemde en sık karşılaşılan ruhsal bozukluk depresyon olup her 5-7 anneden birisinde görülmektedir. Depresyonun yanı sıra anksiyete bozuklukları, duygu durum bozuklukları ve psikoz da bu dönemde görülebilen ruhsal hastalıklardır. Bu yazıda gebelik ve doğum sonrası dönemde annede görülebilecek ruhsal hastalıklar hakkında bilgi verilerek, tanı ve tedavinin önemi, çocuk ruh sağlığına etkilerine dikkat çekilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anne ruh sağlığı,gebelik,doğum,stres,depresyon

Kaynakça

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