Etnik Milliyetçilikten Sivil Milliyetçiliğe Geçişte Tarihin Rolü:Quebec Örneği

Yıl 2010, Cilt: 34 Sayı: 266, 203 - 222, 27.02.2014

Hüseyin Kalaycı

Öz

Özet
Bu makale, ulusal kimliğin inşasında tarihsel sürecin önemini, özellikle toprağa dayalı, sivil
Quebec kimliğinin ortaya çıkışı bağlamında ele almakta. Quebec milliyetçiliği, tıpkı Katalan
ve İskoç milliyetçiliği gibi genelde etnik milliyetçilik şeklinde tarif edilir. Etnik milliyetçilik
çoğu zaman gerici ve hatta ırkçı olarak resmedildiğinden Quebec kimliğinin etnik milliyetçilik
şeklinde tanımlanması Quebec milliyetçiliğini değersizleştirmekte ve zayıflatmaktadır.
Gerek gündelik hayatta gerekse akademide etnik milliyetçilik akıldışılık ve kabilecilikle
ilintilendirilirken sivil milliyetçilik Fransız Devrimi’nin eşitlik, özgürlük ve kardeşlik
kavramlarıyla ifade edilir. Bu makale, tarihin, ulusal kimliğin inşasında önemli bir yer tuttuğunu
öne sürerken, Fransız Kanadalı milliyetçilerin egemenlik projelerini meşrulaştırabilmek için
tarihi yeni baştan yazarak nasıl yeni bir kimlik yarattıklarını göstermektedir: sivil Quebec
ulusu.
Anahtar kelimeler: Etnik milliyetçilik, sivil milliyetçilik, Quebec milliyetçiliği, Quebec
kimliği, Sessiz Devrim

 

Abstract
This article examines the role of historical process in the construction of national identity,
particularly focusing on the emergence of a territorially-based civic Quebec identity. Quebec
nationalism, just like its Catalan and Scottish counterparts, is usually defined as ethnic
nationalism. However, such delineation of Quebec identity marginalizes and undermines
Quebec nationalism because ethnic nationalism is usually described as reactionary and even
racist. Both academic and colloquial uses of ethnic nationalism entail irrationality and tribalism
while civic nationalism is usually associated with the enlightenment of the French Revolution
along with its concepts of equality, freedom and fraternity. This article suggests that history is
major component in the construction of national identity. It argues that the French Canadian
nationalists, seeking to legitimize their projects of sovereignty, reinvented their history by
creating a new identity: the civic Québécois nation.
Key Words: ethnic nationalism, civic nationalism, Quebec nationalism, Quebec identity,
Quiet Revolution

Anahtar Kelimeler

Etnik milliyetçilik, sivil milliyetçilik, Quebec milliyetçiliği, Quebec kimliği, Sessiz Devrim

Kaynakça

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