Araştırma Makalesi
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Amerika’da İlerici Din: Hyde Park Birlik Kilisesi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 47 Sayı: 4, 1354 - 1375, 15.09.2023

Öz

Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde din 1980lerden beri muhafazakâr kiliselerle Cumhuriyetçi Parti arasında süregelen Dindar Sağ ittifakı sebebiyle yaygın olarak siyasi muhafazakârlıkla özdeşleştirilmektedir. Bu durum ABD dini tarihinde derin kökleri olan, toplumsal adalet ve kapsayıcılık odaklı ilerici Hristiyanlığın sıklıkla göz ardı edilmesine sebep olmaktadır. Bu makale, Şikago’nun köklü bir geçmişe sahip olan ilerici kiliselerinden Hyde Park Birlik Kilisesi (HPUC) örneğinde ABD ilerici din geleneğinin temel özelliklerini, karşılaştığı engelleri ve bu engellere karşı geliştirdiği stratejileri irdelemektedir. Çalışma kilisenin liderlik yapısını, üye kazanma stratejilerini ve sosyal ve siyasi teolojisini katılımcı gözlem, mülakat ve söylem analizi yoluyla incelemektedir. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre kilise İsa’yı radikal bir peygamber ve İncil’i özgürlük mücadelesine rehberlik eden bir kaynak addederek, sosyal ve ırksal adalet, toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği, cinsel azınlık hakları gibi ilerici siyasi değerleri savunmaktadır. HPUC örneği, konuya dair literatürdeki genel kanının aksine ilerici kiliselerin muhafazakâr kiliselere karşıtlık üzerinden kuvvetli bir kollektif kimlik inşa ettiklerini göstermektedir. Makalenin sonuç bölümü, farklı ulusal bağlamlarda ve inanç geleneklerinde tezahür eden ilerici dinî akımları karşılaştırmalı bir perspektiften incelemenin gerekliliğini vurgulayarak bu tür çalışmaları yönlendirebilecek bir dizi araştırma sorusu önermektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Altınordu, A (2022). Türkiye’de Sivil Din: Engeller ve Fırsatlar. Sosyoloji Araştırmaları Dergisi, 25(3), 397-414.
  • Çiçek, C (2013). The Pro-Islamic Challenge for the Kurdish Movement. Dialectical Anthropology, 37(1), 159-163.
  • Demerath, N J III (1995). Cultural Victory and Organizational Defeat in the Paradoxical Decline of Liberal Protestantism. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 34(4), 458-469.
  • Edles, L D (2013). Contemporary Progressive Christianity and Its Symbolic Ramifications. Cultural Sociology, 7(1), 3-22.
  • Evans, C H (2017). The Social Gospel in American Religion: A History. New York: New York University Press.
  • Faith Communities Today. (2020). Twenty Years of Congregational Change: The 2020 Faith Communities Today Overview. https://faithcommunitiestoday.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Faith-Communities-Today-2020-Summary-Report.pdf. Son erişim tarihi, 25/07/2022.
  • Fuist, T N, Braunstein, R ve Williams, R H (2017). Introduction: Religion and Progressive Activism—Introducing and Mapping the Field. İçinde: R Braunstein, T N Fuist ve R H Williams (der), Religion and Progressive Activism: New Stories About Faith and Politics, New York: New York University Press, 1-26.
  • Hobson, C Z (2012). The Mount of Vision: African American Prophetic Tradition, 1800-1950. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Hout, M ve Fischer, C S (2014). Explaining Why More Americans Have No Religious Preference: Political Backlash and Generational Succession, 1987-2012. Sociological Science, 1(24), 423-447.
  • Ianaccone, L R (1994). Why Strict Churches Are Strong. American Journal of Sociology, 99(5), 1180-1211.
  • Johnson, V (2019a). 2019 CRS Dr. Martin Luther King Jr Faith in Action Assembly. https://youtu.be/nBzBMlxaf8s. Son erişim tarihi, 06/07/ 2022.
  • Johnson, V (2019b). The (Ongoing) Revolution of Jesus [İsa’nın (Devam Eden) Devrimi]. 3 Şubat. https://youtu.be/aZzuMqNTKMc. Son erişim tarihi, 06/07/ 2022.
  • Johnson, V (2019c) More Than Enough [Yeterliden Daha Fazlası]. 2 Haziran. https://youtu.be/N1KoEYsrFAk. Son erişim tarihi, 06/07/ 2022.
  • Johnson, V (2022a). An Interruption to Regularly Scheduled Programming [Düzenli Programda Kesinti]. 5 Haziran. https://youtu.be/H7NrQuZ5sq4. Son erişim tarihi, 06/07/ 2022.
  • Johnson, V (2022b). Dominion [Hüküm]. 12 Haziran 2022. https://youtu.be/IrbNNbc3TkY. Son erişim tarihi, 06/07/ 2022.
  • Johnson, V (2022c). What’s Love Got To Do With It? Remix. [Sevginin Bununla Ne Alakası Var? Remiks]. 10 Temmuz. https://youtu.be/s1mY5nE2MtA. Son erişim tarihi, 06/07/ 2022.
  • Johnson, V ve Lusche, S (2019). Power of Resurrection [Dirilişin Gücü]. 21 Nisan. https://youtu.be/7VAV_-gkfoo. Son erişim tarihi, 06/07/ 2022.
  • Koca, B. (der) (2014). Türkiye’de İslam ve Sol. İstanbul: Vivo Yayınevi.
  • Lusche, S (2019). You’re Too Much [Çok Fazla Oluyorsun]. 7 Nisan. https://youtu.be/tGAIJwpmyiw. Son erişim tarihi, 06/07/ 2022.
  • Lusche, S (2022a). Stoles and Tunics [Etoller ve Tunikler]. 8 Mayıs. https://youtu.be/vcLH83TVrNs. Son erişim tarihi, 06/07/ 2022.
  • Lusche, S (2022b). Highway of Joy [Sevinç Otoyolu]. 25 Haziran. https://youtu.be/dmgDD3mtJD4. Son erişim tarihi, 06/07/ 2022.
  • Nepstad, S E (2019). Catholic Social Activism: Progressive Movements in the United States. New York: New York University Press.
  • Putnam, R D ve Campbell, D E (2010). American Grace: How Religion Divides and Unites Us. New York: Simon & Schuster.
  • Safi, O (der) (2003). Progressive Muslims: On Justice, Gender and Pluralism. Oxford: Oneworld.
  • Smietana, B (2021). At the Other Mars Hill Church, New Co-pastors Hope to Build a Faithful Future. RNS, 16 Aralık. https://religionnews.com/2021/12/16/at-the-other-mars-hill-church-a-new-co-pastors-hope-to-build-a-faithful-future/. Son erişim tarihi, 25/07/2022.
  • United Church of Christ (2017). A Vision: The Transformative United Church of Christ in Ten Years. Cleveland: y.y.
  • Vicini, F (2018). Turkish Islamism, Conservatism and Human Rights Before and After Gezi: The Case of Mazlumder. British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, 45(5), 760-775.
  • Weber, M (2011). Protestan Ahlakı ve Kapitalizmin Ruhu. Çev. M Köktürk, Ankara: Bilgesu Yayıncılık.
  • Williams, R H (2017). Conclusion: What Progressive Efforts Tell Us About Faith and Politics. İçinde: R Braunstein, T N Fuist ve R H Williams (der), Religion and Progressive Activism: New Stories About Faith and Politics, New York: New York University Press, 348-363.
  • Wuthnow, R (1988). The Restructuring of American Religion: Society and Faith since World War II. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Yonkman, T G (2014). Reconstructing Church: Tools for Turning Your Congregation Around. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.
  • Yukich, G (2017). Progressive Activism Among Buddhists, Hindus, and Muslims in the U.S. İçinde: R Braunstein, T N Fuist ve R H Williams (der), Religion and Progressive Activism: New Stories About Faith and Politics, New York: New York University Press, 225-245.

Progressive Religion In America: Hyde Park Union Church

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 47 Sayı: 4, 1354 - 1375, 15.09.2023

Öz

Religion in the United States has been widely associated with political conservatism due to the alliance between conservative churches and the Republican Party—"the Religious Right”—since the 1980s. This often leads to the neglect of progressive Christianity, which has deep roots in U.S. religious history and is oriented toward social justice and inclusion. This article investigates the main characteristics, challenges, and strategies of progressive Christianity through a case study of Hyde Park Union Church (HPUC), a long-established progressive institution in Chicago. Through participant observation, interviews, and discourse analysis, it examines the leadership structure, member recruitment strategies, and the social and political theology of this church. The study finds that taking Jesus as a radical prophet and the Bible as a guide for liberation struggles, HPUC advocates progressive political values such as social and racial justice, gender equality, and sexual minority rights. Against the prevalent assumption in the literature on the subject, this case study shows that progressive churches feature a strong collective identity constructed through the moral indignation of conservative churches. Based on this analysis, the conclusion proposes a series of questions researchers might address to investigate progressive religious currents in different national contexts and faith traditions from a comparative perspective.

Kaynakça

  • Altınordu, A (2022). Türkiye’de Sivil Din: Engeller ve Fırsatlar. Sosyoloji Araştırmaları Dergisi, 25(3), 397-414.
  • Çiçek, C (2013). The Pro-Islamic Challenge for the Kurdish Movement. Dialectical Anthropology, 37(1), 159-163.
  • Demerath, N J III (1995). Cultural Victory and Organizational Defeat in the Paradoxical Decline of Liberal Protestantism. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 34(4), 458-469.
  • Edles, L D (2013). Contemporary Progressive Christianity and Its Symbolic Ramifications. Cultural Sociology, 7(1), 3-22.
  • Evans, C H (2017). The Social Gospel in American Religion: A History. New York: New York University Press.
  • Faith Communities Today. (2020). Twenty Years of Congregational Change: The 2020 Faith Communities Today Overview. https://faithcommunitiestoday.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Faith-Communities-Today-2020-Summary-Report.pdf. Son erişim tarihi, 25/07/2022.
  • Fuist, T N, Braunstein, R ve Williams, R H (2017). Introduction: Religion and Progressive Activism—Introducing and Mapping the Field. İçinde: R Braunstein, T N Fuist ve R H Williams (der), Religion and Progressive Activism: New Stories About Faith and Politics, New York: New York University Press, 1-26.
  • Hobson, C Z (2012). The Mount of Vision: African American Prophetic Tradition, 1800-1950. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Hout, M ve Fischer, C S (2014). Explaining Why More Americans Have No Religious Preference: Political Backlash and Generational Succession, 1987-2012. Sociological Science, 1(24), 423-447.
  • Ianaccone, L R (1994). Why Strict Churches Are Strong. American Journal of Sociology, 99(5), 1180-1211.
  • Johnson, V (2019a). 2019 CRS Dr. Martin Luther King Jr Faith in Action Assembly. https://youtu.be/nBzBMlxaf8s. Son erişim tarihi, 06/07/ 2022.
  • Johnson, V (2019b). The (Ongoing) Revolution of Jesus [İsa’nın (Devam Eden) Devrimi]. 3 Şubat. https://youtu.be/aZzuMqNTKMc. Son erişim tarihi, 06/07/ 2022.
  • Johnson, V (2019c) More Than Enough [Yeterliden Daha Fazlası]. 2 Haziran. https://youtu.be/N1KoEYsrFAk. Son erişim tarihi, 06/07/ 2022.
  • Johnson, V (2022a). An Interruption to Regularly Scheduled Programming [Düzenli Programda Kesinti]. 5 Haziran. https://youtu.be/H7NrQuZ5sq4. Son erişim tarihi, 06/07/ 2022.
  • Johnson, V (2022b). Dominion [Hüküm]. 12 Haziran 2022. https://youtu.be/IrbNNbc3TkY. Son erişim tarihi, 06/07/ 2022.
  • Johnson, V (2022c). What’s Love Got To Do With It? Remix. [Sevginin Bununla Ne Alakası Var? Remiks]. 10 Temmuz. https://youtu.be/s1mY5nE2MtA. Son erişim tarihi, 06/07/ 2022.
  • Johnson, V ve Lusche, S (2019). Power of Resurrection [Dirilişin Gücü]. 21 Nisan. https://youtu.be/7VAV_-gkfoo. Son erişim tarihi, 06/07/ 2022.
  • Koca, B. (der) (2014). Türkiye’de İslam ve Sol. İstanbul: Vivo Yayınevi.
  • Lusche, S (2019). You’re Too Much [Çok Fazla Oluyorsun]. 7 Nisan. https://youtu.be/tGAIJwpmyiw. Son erişim tarihi, 06/07/ 2022.
  • Lusche, S (2022a). Stoles and Tunics [Etoller ve Tunikler]. 8 Mayıs. https://youtu.be/vcLH83TVrNs. Son erişim tarihi, 06/07/ 2022.
  • Lusche, S (2022b). Highway of Joy [Sevinç Otoyolu]. 25 Haziran. https://youtu.be/dmgDD3mtJD4. Son erişim tarihi, 06/07/ 2022.
  • Nepstad, S E (2019). Catholic Social Activism: Progressive Movements in the United States. New York: New York University Press.
  • Putnam, R D ve Campbell, D E (2010). American Grace: How Religion Divides and Unites Us. New York: Simon & Schuster.
  • Safi, O (der) (2003). Progressive Muslims: On Justice, Gender and Pluralism. Oxford: Oneworld.
  • Smietana, B (2021). At the Other Mars Hill Church, New Co-pastors Hope to Build a Faithful Future. RNS, 16 Aralık. https://religionnews.com/2021/12/16/at-the-other-mars-hill-church-a-new-co-pastors-hope-to-build-a-faithful-future/. Son erişim tarihi, 25/07/2022.
  • United Church of Christ (2017). A Vision: The Transformative United Church of Christ in Ten Years. Cleveland: y.y.
  • Vicini, F (2018). Turkish Islamism, Conservatism and Human Rights Before and After Gezi: The Case of Mazlumder. British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, 45(5), 760-775.
  • Weber, M (2011). Protestan Ahlakı ve Kapitalizmin Ruhu. Çev. M Köktürk, Ankara: Bilgesu Yayıncılık.
  • Williams, R H (2017). Conclusion: What Progressive Efforts Tell Us About Faith and Politics. İçinde: R Braunstein, T N Fuist ve R H Williams (der), Religion and Progressive Activism: New Stories About Faith and Politics, New York: New York University Press, 348-363.
  • Wuthnow, R (1988). The Restructuring of American Religion: Society and Faith since World War II. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Yonkman, T G (2014). Reconstructing Church: Tools for Turning Your Congregation Around. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.
  • Yukich, G (2017). Progressive Activism Among Buddhists, Hindus, and Muslims in the U.S. İçinde: R Braunstein, T N Fuist ve R H Williams (der), Religion and Progressive Activism: New Stories About Faith and Politics, New York: New York University Press, 225-245.
Toplam 32 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sosyoloji
Bölüm Makale / Articles
Yazarlar

Ateş Altınordu 0000-0002-5672-7511

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Eylül 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 47 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Altınordu, A. (2023). Amerika’da İlerici Din: Hyde Park Birlik Kilisesi. Mülkiye Dergisi, 47(4), 1354-1375.
AMA Altınordu A. Amerika’da İlerici Din: Hyde Park Birlik Kilisesi. Mülkiye Dergisi. Eylül 2023;47(4):1354-1375.
Chicago Altınordu, Ateş. “Amerika’da İlerici Din: Hyde Park Birlik Kilisesi”. Mülkiye Dergisi 47, sy. 4 (Eylül 2023): 1354-75.
EndNote Altınordu A (01 Eylül 2023) Amerika’da İlerici Din: Hyde Park Birlik Kilisesi. Mülkiye Dergisi 47 4 1354–1375.
IEEE A. Altınordu, “Amerika’da İlerici Din: Hyde Park Birlik Kilisesi”, Mülkiye Dergisi, c. 47, sy. 4, ss. 1354–1375, 2023.
ISNAD Altınordu, Ateş. “Amerika’da İlerici Din: Hyde Park Birlik Kilisesi”. Mülkiye Dergisi 47/4 (Eylül 2023), 1354-1375.
JAMA Altınordu A. Amerika’da İlerici Din: Hyde Park Birlik Kilisesi. Mülkiye Dergisi. 2023;47:1354–1375.
MLA Altınordu, Ateş. “Amerika’da İlerici Din: Hyde Park Birlik Kilisesi”. Mülkiye Dergisi, c. 47, sy. 4, 2023, ss. 1354-75.
Vancouver Altınordu A. Amerika’da İlerici Din: Hyde Park Birlik Kilisesi. Mülkiye Dergisi. 2023;47(4):1354-75.
Mülkiye Dergisi: Mülkiyeliler Birliği Konur Sokak No. 1, Kızılay - ANKARA, TÜRKİYE. Tel: +90 312 4185572; Faks: +90 312 4191373; mulkiyedergisi@mulkiye.org.tr / Mülkiye Dergisi, Mülkiyeliler Birliği Genel Merkezi Yayın Organı'dır.