Black Data, White Algorithms: Is It Possible to Reject Data Colonizer’s Model of World and Decolonize Data?

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 47 Sayı: 6, 1469 - 1504, 15.12.2023

Haktan Kalır

Öz

This article sheds critical light on the growing literature on data colonialism in recent years. departing from the observation that the existing scholarship hardly reserves any room for a discussion that is informed by the critiques of political philosophy and political theory, this study underlines the following questions: Is it possible to talk about global data colonialism as a form of neo-colonialism? Is it possible to decolonize data in the face of such extensive colonialism? To answer these questions, the first part of the article focuses on the colonization of data. By means of drawing attention to the concepts of data, data capitalism and data inequality, this section provides varying definitions of data colonialism. The second part of the article then explicates the two main contexts of data colonialism: (i) Colonial platform technicalism as a belief that assumes that life can be ruled by technical knowledge and a rejection of both multiplicity and politics; (ii) Data capitalism, which, as a re-colonial partnership, has led to the overpowering of private companies, where the partnership of the colonial state and private companies has now changed sides. The second part of the article turns to an explanation of the basic concepts of data colonialism, their colonial contacts and what makes them both similar and different as a neocolonialism is provided. Then, by way of a focus on the decolonization of data, first, a critique based on the political philosophy of knowledge, which is more often than not missing in the present literature, is provided as an alternative data imagination. Second, alongside examples of decolonized data with counter-data methods as well as the question of how data can be transformed by politicized technologies from terrestrial re-publication open to different languages is discussed. This involves the politicization, socialization, and terastallization and of data. The original contribution of this article lies in its perspective informed by ontological and epistemological political philosophy and its argument that it is possible to construct new data imaginations in an open and plural way that is informed by subaltern voices in the face of data colonialism. Likewise, this can be called the subaltern criticism of the data.

Anahtar Kelimeler

data colonialism, digital capitalism, technicism, decolonization, colonizer's model of the world

Siyah Veri, Beyaz Algoritmalar: Veri Sömürgecisinin Dünya Modelini Reddetmek ve Veriyi Sömürgesizleştirmek Mümkün Mü?

Öz

Bu makale, son yıllarda veri sömürgeciliği (data colonialism) üzerine gelişmekte olan literatüre eleştirel bir bakış sunmaya çalışacaktır. Siyaset felsefesi ve siyaset kuramı eleştirilerine zayıf bir şekilde yer verildiği gözleminden hareketle bu literatürü inceleyen bu makalenin dikkat çektiği sorular şudur: Bir yeni-sömürgecilik biçimi olarak küresel bir veri sömürgeciliğinden söz edilebilir mi? Böylesi bir sömürgecilik karşısında verinin sömürgesizleştirilmesi mümkün müdür? Bu sorulara yanı verebilmek için makalenin birinci bölümü verilerin sömürgeleştirilmesine odaklanmaktadır. Bu bölümde veri, veri kapitalizmi ve veri eşitsizliği kavramlarına bakılarak veri sömürgeciliklerinin tanımları sunulacaktır. Bunu takiben bu bölümde veri sömürgeciliklerinin temel iki içeriği de izah edilecektir: (i) Yaşamın teknik bilgiler tarafından yönetilebileceğine dair bir çokluk ve siyaset reddi olarak sömürgeci platform teknikçiliği; (ii) Bir yeniden sömürgeci ortaklığı olarak özel şirketlerin devlet iştiraklarıyla aşırı güçlenmesine yol açan veri kapitalizmi. Böylece veri sömürgeciliklerinin ana tezleri, temel kavramları ve onun sömürgecilikle farklı yahut ortak olan yanları işlenecektir. Makalenin ikinci bölümü verinin sömürgesizleştirilmesi meselesine dikkat çekmektedir. Bu bölüm alternatif bir verinin tahayyül edilip edilemeyeceği sorusuna odaklanacaktır. Mevcut veri sömürgeciliği literatüründe oldukça zayıf bir şekilde bulunan siyaset felsefesi bu sorgu için ana izlek olacaktır. Verinin epistemolojik eleştirisini takiben doğrudan siyasal eleştirisine geçilecektir. Burada veri sömürgeciliklerini zayıflatabilmek için kurgulanabilecek karşı-verilerden söz edilecektir. Verinin egemen diller dışında dillerde temsil edilebilmesi, somut dünyadaki sömürülerden azade kılınan soyutlaştırılmasının reddedilmesi, tekrar kamusal bir tartışmaya konu edilmesi gibi eleştiriler sıralanacaktır. Bu verinin kamusallaştırılması, karasallaştırılması ve siyasileştirilmesidir. Makale, veri sömürgeciliği literatüründe zayıf bir şekilde bulunan siyaset felsefesi ve siyaset kuramının tartışmaya dahil edilmesi vasıtasıyla sömürülen verinin işlenişine dair bir bilgi, verinin temsiline dair ise bir varlık eleştirisi getirmeyi ummaktadır. Buna verinin madun eleştirisi de denilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

veri sömürgecilikleri, dijital kapitalizm, sömürgecinin dünya modeli, teknikçilik, sömürgesizleştirme

Teşekkür

Sayın Metin Yüksel'e bu makalenin ortaya çıkmasındaki incelikli emeği için teşekkür ederim.

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