Obstetrik Alanda Simülasyon Maketleri ve Ebelik Eğitiminde Öncü Bir İsim: Ebe Angélique-Marguerite le Boursier du Coudray

Öz

Amaç: Kökleri derinlerde ve güçlü olan ebelik mesleği tarihinde, iz bırakan önemli kimlikler bulunmaktadır. Bu kimliklerde biri de Angélique-Marguerite Le Boursier du Coudray ya da daha yaygın adıyla Madame du Coudray’dır. Bu çalışmada ebelik mesleği ve obstetri alanına önemli katkıları bulunan Madame du Coudray’in başarılı çalışmalarını ve eserlerini tanıtmak amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: İlgili literatür taranmış ve Madame du Coudray ile ilgili veriler elde edilmiştir. Madame du Coudray'in doğum simülatörü fotoğrafı Musée Flaubert et d'histoire de la médecine, Réunion des musées Métropole Rouen Normandie'den yazılı izin alınarak kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Madame du Coudray obstetri tarihinde yerini almış ve Kralın ebesi unvanıyla Fransa’ya önemli hizmetler sunmuş ünlü bir ebedir. On sekizinci yüzyılda Fransa’da günümüzde de kullanılmaya devam eden teori ve pratiği birleştirdiği eğitim modelini geliştirmiştir. Madame du Coudray’in eserleri içinde en önemlisi olarak atfedilen “Phantom, La Machine” adlı eseri, günümüz simülasyon maketlerinin ve simülasyon eğitiminin öncüsü olmuştur. Ayrıca simülasyon eğitimini teoriğe uyarladığı diğer bir önemli eseri Doğum Sanatının Özeti (Abrégé de l'Art des Accouchements) adlı obstetri kitabıdır. Bu kitapta kullanılan basım teknikleri, görseller ve önemli teorik bilgileri yazıldığı dönem için önemli yenilikçi özellikler göstermektedir. Sonuç: Ebe Madame du Coudray obstetrik alanda yaptığı başarılı çalışmaları ile geliştirdiği eğitim modeli ve bıraktığı eserleri ile günümüz yenilik ve gelişmelerinin altyapısını hazırlayan önemli bir tarihi kimliktir. Madame du Coudray gibi ebelik mesleği tarihinde mesleğin gücünü ve önemini ortaya çıkaran önemli kimliklerin Türkçe literatüre kazandırılması ebelik tarihi literatürüne katkı sağlayacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• XVIII. yüzyılda ebelik
• Obstetrik simülatör
• Kralın ebesi
• Ebelik eğitimi

Simulation Models in Obstetrics and a Pioneer in Midwifery Education: Midwife Angélique-Marguerite le Boursier du Coudray

Öz

Objective: In the history of the midwifery profession, which has deep and strong roots, there are important identities that have left their mark. One of these identities is Angélique-Marguerite Le Boursier du Coudray or more commonly known as Madame du Coudray. In this study, it is aimed to introduce the successful works and works of Madame du Coudray, who has made important contributions to the midwifery profession and obstetrics. Method: The relevant literature was reviewed and data on Madame du Coudray were obtained. The birth simulator photograph of Madame du Coudray was used with written permission from Musée Flaubert et d'histoire de la médecine, Réunion des musées Métropole Rouen Normandie. Results: Madame du Coudray is a famous midwife who has taken her place in the history of obstetrics and rendered important services to France as the King's midwife. In the eighteenth century, she developed an educational model combining theory and practice that is still used in France today. Madame du Coudray's ‘Phantom, La Machine’, which is attributed to be the most important of her works, was the pioneer of today's simulation models and simulation education. In addition, another important work in which she adapted simulation education to theory is the obstetrics book entitled Compendium of the Art of Childbirth (Abrégé de l'Art des Accouchements’). The printing techniques, visuals and important theoretical information used in this book show important innovative features for the period in which it was written. Conclusion: Midwife Madame du Coudray is an important historical identity that prepares the infrastructure of today's innovations and developments with her successful studies in obstetrics, the education model she developed and the works she left. Bringing important identities such as Madame du Coudray, who revealed the power and importance of the profession in the history of midwifery profession, to the Turkish literature will contribute to the midwifery history literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Midwifery in the XVIIIth century
• Obstetric simulator
• King
• Midwifery education

Kaynakça

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